Inflammatory Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota Changes Following Campylobacter coli Infection of IL-10-/- Mice with Chronic Colitis
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Gastrointestinal Campylobacter coli Colonization Following Peroral Infection of Aged Conventional IL-10-/- mice
2.2. Changes in Gut Microbiota Composition Following Peroral C. coli Infection of Aged Conventional IL-10-/- mice
2.3. Clinical Conditions Over Time Following Peroral C. coli Infection of Aged Conventional IL-10-/- mice
2.4. Macroscopic and Microscopic Inflammatory Sequelae of Peroral C. coli Infection in Aged Conventional IL-10-/- mice
2.5. Colonic Immune Cell Responses Following Peroral C. coli Infection of Aged Conventional IL-10-/- mice
2.6. Colonic and Systemic TNF-α Secretion Following Peroral C. coli Infection of Aged Conventional IL-10-/- Mice with Chronic Colitis
2.7. Bacterial Translocation Following Peroral C. coli Infection of Aged Conventional IL-10-/- Mice with Chronic Colitis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Ethics Statement
4.2. Mice
4.3. C. coli Infection, Colonisation and Translocation
4.4. Analyses of the Gut Microbiota Composition
4.5. Clinical Conditions
4.6. Sampling Process
4.7. Histopathological Scoring
4.8. Immunohistochemistry
4.9. Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Measurements in Large Intestinal and Systemic Compartments
4.10. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CBA | Cytometric Bead Array |
CFU | colony-forming units |
d | day |
H&E | hematoxylin and eosin |
HPF | High power fields |
IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
IL | interleukin |
LOS | lipooligosaccharide |
LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
MLN | mesenteric lymph nodes |
n.s. | not significant |
PBS | phosphate buffered saline |
p-value | probability value |
p.i. | post-infection |
qRT-PCR | quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction |
TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
TLR-4 | Toll-like receptor-4 |
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Heimesaat, M.M.; Genger, C.; Biesemeier, N.; Klove, S.; Weschka, D.; Mousavi, S.; Bereswill, S. Inflammatory Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota Changes Following Campylobacter coli Infection of IL-10-/- Mice with Chronic Colitis. Pathogens 2020, 9, 560. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9070560
Heimesaat MM, Genger C, Biesemeier N, Klove S, Weschka D, Mousavi S, Bereswill S. Inflammatory Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota Changes Following Campylobacter coli Infection of IL-10-/- Mice with Chronic Colitis. Pathogens. 2020; 9(7):560. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9070560
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeimesaat, Markus M., Claudia Genger, Nina Biesemeier, Sigri Klove, Dennis Weschka, Soraya Mousavi, and Stefan Bereswill. 2020. "Inflammatory Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota Changes Following Campylobacter coli Infection of IL-10-/- Mice with Chronic Colitis" Pathogens 9, no. 7: 560. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9070560
APA StyleHeimesaat, M. M., Genger, C., Biesemeier, N., Klove, S., Weschka, D., Mousavi, S., & Bereswill, S. (2020). Inflammatory Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota Changes Following Campylobacter coli Infection of IL-10-/- Mice with Chronic Colitis. Pathogens, 9(7), 560. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9070560