Metals, Volume 12, Issue 4

The empirical parameters of mixing enthalpy (ΔH_mix), mixing entropy (ΔS_mix), atomic radius difference (δ), valence electron concentration (VEC), etc., are used in this study to design a depleted uranium high-entropy alloy (HEA). X-ray diffraction (XR...

Milling with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) is now a commonly used machining technique in industry. The application of the MQL significantly reduces the temperature on the machined surface, while the cost of the lubricants is limited and the poll...

Laser-arc hybrid welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy was carried out in this paper, and the effects of welding parameters (laser power, welding speed, welding current) on weld formation, microstructure evolution and mechanical property were studied. The...

In the 14th Five Year Plan, China clearly proposes to develop the automobile strategic industry, reduce the carbon emission intensity, and formulates the carbon emission peak plan by 2030. As the automobile is the most frequently used vehicle, weight...

By using carbamide granules as the space holder, Mg alloy foams with interconnected pore structures were synthesized by reactive sintering of a mixture of Mg, Al and Zn powders. The effect of Zn/Al on the microstructural evolution and compressive str...

Pearlitic steel experiences excessive corrosion in a hot and humid atmosphere. The multiphase bainitic/martensitic structure was developed for a better combination of strength and ductility, especially rolling contact fatigue, but little attention to...

Twinning is a critical deformation mode in Mg alloys. Understanding deformation twinning (DT) is essential to improving mechanical properties of Mg alloys. To address the experimentally observed conspicuous hardening effects in Mg-1.8Zn-0.2Ca alloys,...

The WAAM (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing) process is well-respected because of its low cost and high deposition efficiency; nevertheless, the process has the limitations of high heat input and low forming accuracy. Hybrid manufacturing processes emp...

Cold drawing is a commonly used metal forming technique carried out by pulling a billet through a die cavity to obtain desired dimensions. Ideally, the cross-sectional area of the drawn product should be equal to that of the die at its exit; however,...

Mg–Ceramic–Ni hybrid foams were fabricated via continuousdepositing micro-arc oxidation (MAO) ceramic coating and electroless Ni coating on the surface of the AZ91D foam struts. Mechanical tests from room temperature (RT) to 300 °C we...

In order to obtain the optimum fatigue performance, 35CrMo steel was processed by different heat treatment procedures. The microstructure, tensile properties, fatigue properties, and fatigue cracking mechanisms were compared and analyzed. The results...

Tungsten and its alloys are considered to be the most nominated plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors, which will be exposed to enormously rigorous conditions such as thermal load, plasma exposure, and neutron radiation. At present, the research...

Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy is one of the most widely used orthopedic implant materials due to its mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility nature. Porous Ti64 structures are gaining more research interest as bone implants as they...

To further improve the comprehensive performance of Mg-based alloy, hot extrusion combined with multi-pass equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was applied to process Mg-3 wt%Zn-0.2 wt%Ca alloy and 1 wt%β-TCP/Mg-3 wt%Zn-0.2 wt%Ca biocomposites. The...

Conventionally, thermal spraying processes are almost exclusively carried out in an air atmosphere. This results in oxidation of the particles upon thermal spraying, and thus, the interfaces of the splats within the coating are oxidized as well. Henc...

The electrochemical behavior and passive film properties of Hastelloy C22 alloy, laser-cladding C22 coating, and Ti–6Al–4V alloy in sulfuric acid dew-point corrosion environment were investigated through a combination of electrochemical m...

The production of medium- and low-carbon ferromanganese (M-LCFeMn) using the converter method has not been industrialized to date in China due to the high manganese loss and serious erosion of the furnace lining. To solve the above problems and to im...

In this study, a Fe-based amorphous metallic coating (AMC) was sealed with three sealants, i.e., stearic acid, aluminum phosphate and cerium salt, respectively. Two types of electrochemical tests, namely the ex situ electrochemical impedance spectros...

Ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) was applied to hot-rolled Mg-Li alloys (LAE361 and LA106). The microstructure, mechanical properties, deformation mechanisms, and corrosion resistance properties of these alloys after UNSM treatment...

In recent years, ultra-high-strength structural (UHSS) steel in quenched and tempered (Q+T) conditions, for example, S960QL has been found in wider application areas such as structures, cranes, and trucks due to its extraordinary material properties...

Tinplate is widely used in food packaging and chemical packaging. Industrial production continues to reduce the thickness of tinplate steel, which puts higher requirements on the control of inclusions. In this study, compared with traditional detecti...

This work investigates the comprehensive recycling of graphite and cathode active materials (LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂, abbreviated as NMC) from spent lithium-ion batteries via pretreatment and flotation. Specific analytical methods (SPME-GC-MS and Py-GC-M...

This research evaluates the effect of temperature and time austempering on microstructural characteristics and hardness of ductile iron, validating the results by means of a statistical method for hardness prediction. Ductile iron was subjected to au...

The hot deformation and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) characteristics of an as-extruded Mg-2.5Zn-4Y alloy containing long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phases were investigated using a Gleeble 3500 thermal simulator at temperatures (300–400...

With the rapid development of various industries, the connection of copper and aluminum is in high demand. However, as a solid-phase connection technology, friction stir welding has a potential application prospect in the connection of copper and alu...

The effect of internal hydrogen in the fatigue crack growth rate of the coarse grain region of a 2.25Cr1Mo steel welded joint was analyzed in this work. The microstructure of the coarse grain region was simulated by means of a heat treatment able to...

High-strength steels (HSSs) with nominal yield stress not less than 460 MPa have been increasingly employed in bridge structures. Compared with SM490 normal-strength steel (NSS), HSSs, including SBHS500 and SM570, have higher strength but lower ducti...

The macro-scale distribution of secondary precipitates in friction-stir-welded 2519 aluminium alloy was studied. It was found that precipitation pattern essentially varied within the stir zone in terms of volume fraction, size, and even preferential...

In order to accurately obtain the contact stiffness of rough joint surfaces machined by turning and grinding, a research simulation is carried out by using the finite element method. Based on the surface modeling method under the combined machining m...

The investigation of wave propagation in solids requires the development of reliable methods for the prediction of such dynamic events in which the involved materials cover wide ranges of different possible states, governed by plasticity, equation of...

Syntactic steel foams (SSFs) were prepared by low-pressure infiltration of molten ASTM CF-8 cast austenitic stainless steel into randomly and densely packed Al₂O₃ hollow spheres. The microstructure of the SSFs was characterized by scanning electron m...

There is an increase in the demand for human implants for the complete or partial replacement of soft and/or hard human tissues due to different reasons, such as a higher life expectancy [...]

Custom 450 stainless steel and AM 350 stainless steel are both precipitation hardening stainless steels, which are widely used in a variety of aerospace applications. The former steel exhibits very good corrosion resistance with moderate strength, wh...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are an important pillar for the sustainable transition of the mobility and energy storage sector. LIBs are complex devices for which waste management must incorporate different recycling technologies to produce high-quali...

This work reports on the electrochemical kinetic analysis of carbon steel powders produced during the milling of carbon steel chips for 2, 3, and 5 h under an air atmosphere in a high-energy ball miller. This work aims to fill the gap in the literatu...

The reduction stripping kinetics of Ce⁴⁺ by HEH/EHP was studied by a constant interfacial area cell with laminar flow. The effects of stirring speed, temperature, specific interfacial area, Ce⁴⁺ concentration in the organic phase, free extractant con...

Phosphorus atoms in steels accumulate at grain boundaries via thermal and irradiation effects and induce grain boundary embrittlement, which is experimentally confirmed by an increase in the ductile-brittle transition temperature. Quantitative predic...

High silicon and molybdenum (SiMo) ductile iron is commonly used for car exhaust systems, and its micro-structural dispersity depends on intrinsic parameters, which include alloy composition and inoculation efficiency, as well as extrinsic factors, s...

High-speed forming processes such as electromagnetic forming (EMF) and electrohydraulic forming (EHF) have a high potential for producing lightweight components with complex geometries, but the forming zone is usually limited to a small size for equi...

The mechanical properties of solidified alloys strongly depend on the grain size. In many practical cases at the given solidification parameters (temperature gradient and solid/liquid interface velocity), the solidified microstructure is columnar, me...

Porosity and phases are considered to be two key factors for the fatigue performance of powder metallurgy steels. In this paper, the fatigue strengths of the alloy steels sintered from two typical types of powders, pre-alloyed Fe-Cr-Mo (Astaloy CrM),...

Similarity laws of scaled models of offshore platform deck structures under low velocity impact loading are proposed in the present research. The similarity laws of scaled models with different scaling factors are established in forms of dimensionles...

Aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys are commonly used in the automotive industry to produce structural components. Among usual quality controls of produced castings, microstructure characterization and determination of mechanical properties are the mos...

TRIP-assisted CMnSiAl steels with a fully martensitic initial microstructure have been studied in order to investigate the effect of partial substitution of Si by Al. The steel was fabricated by casting in a sand mold, hot forged, homogenizing, hot r...

When evaluating the safety of steel structures, welding residual stress is used as the secondary load and if there is any restraint, the yield stress of the base material is used for secondary load, regardless of the size of the restraint. Of late, a...

Aluminum-fly ash composites are formed by the chemical reaction between fly ash and the high-temperature aluminum-based alloy, which melts to form aluminum oxide as a reinforcing phase, which belongs to a composite of in situ synthetic reinforcing ph...

In this paper, the axial loading fatigue tests are at first conducted on specimens ofG20Mn5QT steel from axle box bodies in high-speed trains. Then, the size and shape effects on fatigue behavior are investigated. It is shown that the specimen size a...

The intermetallic alloy FeAl40 was plasma nitrided at 575 ${}^{\circ }$C for 4 h while varying the N${}_2$–H${}_2$ gas mixture with nitrogen contents f${}_{\mathrm{N}2}$ between 0.1 and 0.9. The effect of the gas mixture on the resulting structure of the nitrided FeAl40 and t...

Tantalum slag is a type of high-grade tantalum resource with great recovery value. In this paper, a low fluorine process, including alkali pressure decomposition, low-acid transformation, solvent extraction, and crystallization, is proposed to recove...

The effect of substitutional impurities of the transition metals of VB–VIIB groups on the oxygen absorption in the doped α₂-Ti₃Al alloy was studied by the projector-augmented wave method within the density functional theory. It is establi...