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Viruses, Volume 14, Issue 12

December 2022 - 240 articles

Cover Story: Upon cell entry, plus-strand RNA viruses undergo translation by the host translational machinery. After the viral replicase proteins are produced, plus-strand RNA viruses then undergo replication. Members of the genus Umbravirus, whose genomes are uncapped and nonpolyadenylated, have abnormally long 3′ untranslated regions (≈700 nt) that form highly complex structures. Despite much prior work on umbravirus translation, little is known about umbravirus replication. Our phylogenetic analysis reveals novel, umbravirus-specific 3′ terminal structures critical for viral replication, including an element that functions in vivo but does not form in transcripts in vitro. We have also developed a trans-replication system for umbravirus genomes in planta and shed light on the evolutionary history of umbraviruses. View this paper
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Articles (240)

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,253 Views
14 Pages

Evaluation of Non-Invasive Gargle Lavage Sampling for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using rRT-PCR or Antigen Assay

  • Ondrej Bouska,
  • Hana Jaworek,
  • Vladimira Koudelakova,
  • Katerina Kubanova,
  • Petr Dzubak,
  • Rastislav Slavkovsky,
  • Branislav Siska,
  • Petr Pavlis,
  • Jana Vrbkova and
  • Marian Hajduch

19 December 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused considerable disruption worldwide. For efficient SARS-CoV-2 detection, new methods of rapid, non-invasive sampling are needed. This study aimed to investigate the stability of SA...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,408 Views
17 Pages

Insights from the Infection Cycle of VSV-ΔG-Spike Virus

  • Elad Milrot,
  • Shlomi Lazar,
  • Ofir Schuster,
  • Efi Makdasi,
  • Shlomo Shmaya,
  • Yfat Yahalom-Ronen,
  • Hadas Tamir and
  • Orly Laskar

19 December 2022

Fundamental key processes in viral infection cycles generally occur in distinct cellular sites where both viral and host factors accumulate and interact. These sites are usually termed viral replication organelles, or viral factories (VF). The genera...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,091 Views
12 Pages

Point-of-Care Testing for Sensitive Detection of the African Swine Fever Virus Genome

  • Ahmed Elnagar,
  • Sandra Blome,
  • Martin Beer and
  • Bernd Hoffmann

19 December 2022

African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral hemorrhagic disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boar. The disease is notifiable to the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH), and causes significant deaths and economic losses. There is cur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,403 Views
12 Pages

19 December 2022

Information on rotavirus C (RVC) infection is lacking, partly because the prevalence of RVC among humans and animals worldwide is undefined. Data on the characteristics of the P genotype among RVC strains are also required. We performed systematic se...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,828 Views
15 Pages

Development of Fluorescence-Tagged SARS-CoV-2 Virus-like Particles by a Tri-Cistronic Vector Expression System for Investigating the Cellular Entry of SARS-CoV-2

  • Young-Sheng Chang,
  • Li-Wei Chu,
  • Zan-Yu Chen,
  • Joh-Sin Wu,
  • Wen-Chi Su,
  • Chia-Jui Yang,
  • Yueh-Hsin Ping and
  • Cheng-Wen Lin

19 December 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the pandemic that began late December 2019. The co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins in cells could assemble into several types of virus-like particles (VLPs)...

  • Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,850 Views
20 Pages

Advanced Nanomedicine for High-Risk HPV-Driven Head and Neck Cancer

  • Qiang Xu,
  • Ye Chen,
  • Yuan Jin,
  • Zhiyu Wang,
  • Haoru Dong,
  • Andreas M. Kaufmann,
  • Andreas E. Albers and
  • Xu Qian

19 December 2022

The incidence of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV)-driven head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is on the rise globally. HR-HPV-driven HNSCC displays molecular and clinical characteristics distinct from HPV-uninvolved cases. Therapeutic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,166 Views
13 Pages

In Vitro Diagnostic Assay to Detect SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibody in Patient Sera Using Engineered ACE-2 Mini-Protein

  • Bruna Andersen Pereira de Jesus,
  • Anderson Albino Gomes,
  • Alex E. Clark,
  • Tayse Andrade Rodrigues,
  • Melissa Ledgerwood-Lee,
  • Westley Van Zant,
  • Howard Brickner,
  • Meiqiao Wang,
  • David L. Blum and
  • Maria B. Cassera
  • + 5 authors

18 December 2022

The recent development and mass administration of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines allowed for disease control, reducing hospitalizations and mortality. Most of these vaccines target the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) prote...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,100 Views
22 Pages

A Single Amino Acid Substitution in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Glycoprotein 2 Significantly Impairs Its Infectivity in Macrophages

  • Jayeshbhai Chaudhari,
  • Raquel Arruda Leme,
  • Kassandra Durazo-Martinez,
  • Sarah Sillman,
  • Aspen M. Workman and
  • Hiep L. X. Vu

18 December 2022

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has a restricted tropism for macrophages and CD163 is a key receptor for infection. In this study, the PRRSV strain NCV1 was passaged on MARC-145 cells for 95 passages, and two plaque-clones...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,836 Views
11 Pages

Nanomechanical and Vibrational Signature of Chikungunya Viral Particles

  • Ruana Cardoso-Lima,
  • Joel Félix Silva Diniz Filho,
  • Maria Luiza de Araujo Dorneles,
  • Renato Simões Gaspar,
  • Pedro Filho Noronha Souza,
  • Clenilton Costa dos Santos,
  • Daniela Santoro Rosa,
  • Ralph Santos-Oliveira and
  • Luciana Magalhães Rebelo Alencar

17 December 2022

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) belongs to the genus Alphaviridae, with a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of 11.8 kbp encoding a polyprotein that generates both non-structural proteins and structural proteins. The virus is transmitted by the Aede...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,940 Views
14 Pages

A Novel Coronavirus and a Broad Range of Viruses in Kenyan Cave Bats

  • Joseph Kamau,
  • Koray Ergunay,
  • Paul W. Webala,
  • Silvia A. Justi,
  • Brian P. Bourke,
  • Maureen W. Kamau,
  • James Hassell,
  • Mary N. Chege,
  • David K. Mwaura and
  • Cynthia Simiyu
  • + 6 authors

17 December 2022

Background and Methods: To investigate virus diversity in hot zones of probable pathogen spillover, 54 oral-fecal swabs were processed from five bat species collected from three cave systems in Kenya, using metagenome sequencing. Results: Viruses bel...

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Viruses - ISSN 1999-4915