Minimally invasive spine surgery continues to grow and develop. Over the past 50 years, there has been immense growth within this subspecialty of neurosurgery. A deep understanding of the historical context and future directions of this subspecialty...
Spine surgery has significantly progressed due to innovations in surgical techniques, technology, and a deeper understanding of spinal pathology. However, numerous challenges persist, complicating successful outcomes. Anatomical intricacies at transi...
The purpose of this paper is to review the data supporting current endoscopic surgical techniques for the spine and the potential challenges and future of the field. The origins of endoscopic spine surgery can be traced back many decades, with many i...
Background: In this manuscript, the challenges encountered during research into patient outcomes following transfusion during spine surgery are explored. Method: A narrative review of transfusion research over decades. Results: An estimated 310 milli...
Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has become an indispensable surgical adjunct in cervical spine procedures to minimize surgical complications. Understanding the historical development of IONM, indications for use, associated pitfalls, and recent...
Objective: This report aims to describe the surgical methodology and potential effectiveness of endoscopic separation surgery (ESS) in patients with metastatic spine disease. This concept may reduce the invasiveness of the procedure, which can potent...
The introduction of minimally invasive surgery ushered in a new era of spine surgery by minimizing the undue iatrogenic injury, recovery time, and blood loss, among other complications, of traditional open procedures. Over time, technological advance...
Cervical endoscopic spine surgery is rapidly evolving and gaining popularity for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy. This approach significantly reduces muscular damage and blood loss by minimizing soft tissue stripping, leading t...
Minimally invasive spine surgery has advanced significantly over the past decade, integrating technologies such as intraoperative navigation, robotics, and artificial intelligence with innovative techniques such as single-position prone lateral trans...
Background: Access to blood products is crucial for patient safety during the perioperative course. However, reduced donations and seasonally occurring blood shortages pose a significant challenge to the healthcare system, with surgeries being postpo...
Introduction: The integration of augmented reality (AR) in spine surgery marks a significant advancement, enhancing surgical precision and patient outcomes. AR provides immersive, three-dimensional visualizations of anatomical structures, facilitatin...
Finite element modelling of the lumbar spine is a challenging problem. Lower back pain is among the most common pathologies in the global populations, owing to which the patient may need to undergo surgery. The latter may differ in nature and complex...
Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) has traditionally been employed for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Recent innovations in surgical methods and technologies have expanded its range to address other spinal pathologies, providing minimally invasive solutio...
(1) Background: Giant Cell Tumor of the spine remains a difficult tumor to treat. Recent advances in adjuvant therapy such as denosumab and innovations in surgical technique in the last 5 years have given providers new options for treatment after a s...
Surgery is a major challenge for the immune system, but little is known about the immune response of geriatric patients to surgery. We therefore investigated the impact of surgery on the molecular signature of circulating CD14+ monocytes, cells impli...
The advent of ultra-minimally invasive endoscopic spine surgery, characterized by significantly reduced surgery times, minimal blood loss, and minimal tissue trauma, has precipitated a paradigm shift in the preoperative management of patients with ca...
Percutaneous pedicle screws (PPSs) are commonly used in posterior spinal fusion to treat spine conditions such as trauma, tumors, and degenerative diseases. Precise PPS placement is essential in preventing neurological complications and improving pat...
Spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks can be caused by tears in the dura and are challenging to treat. Traditional methods of treating spinal CSF leakage include nonsurgical management, epidural blood patches (EBP), and direct surgical repair. Minim...
Background: The management of spinal deformities in patients with NF-1 is challenging. The study aimed to assess the outcomes of the surgical treatment of spine deformities in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 with our treatment approach. Method...
Vertebral body metastases (VBM) are one of the most frequent sites of bone metastasis, and their adequate therapeutic management still represents an insidious challenge for both oncologists and surgeons. A possible alternative treatment for VBM is ra...
Chronic lumbosacral radicular pain (CLRP) as a possible adverse consequence of lumbar spine surgery represents a serious medical challenge. Pulsed radiofrequency of dorsal root ganglion (PRF–DRG) treatment is known to be effective in alleviatin...
Background and Objectives: Minimally invasive spine surgery reduces destruction of the paraspinal musculature and improves spinal stability. Nevertheless, screw loosening remains a challenging issue in osteoporosis patients receiving spinal fixation...
Cervical kyphosis is a rare entity with challenging management due to the limitations of pediatric age, along with a growing spine. The pathogenesis is made up of a large group of congenital, syndromic and acquired deformities after posterior element...
The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies has initiated a paradigm shift in contemporary spine care. This narrative review synthesizes advances across imaging-based diagnostics, surgical planning, geno...
Background and Objectives: Benign osseous tumors of the spinal column comprise about 10% of all spinal tumors and are rare cause for surgery. However, these tumors pose various management challenges and conventional surgery may be associated with sig...
Scoliosis is the most frequent spinal deformity in children. It is defined as a spine deviation of more than 10° in the frontal plane. Neuromuscular scoliosis is associated with a heterogeneous spectrum of muscular or neurological symptoms. Anest...
Documented penicillin allergies are associated with an increased risk of surgical site infections (SSIs), and first-line antibiotics (e.g., cefazolin) are associated with a lower risk of SSIs. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of a ph...
Background: Optimizing fluid therapy is critical for maintaining hemodynamic stability in elderly patients undergoing major surgeries. Dynamic arterial elastance (Eadyn), defined as the ratio of pulse pressure variation (PPV) to stroke volume variati...
Accurately detecting spine vertebrae plays a crucial role in successful orthopedic surgery. However, identifying and classifying lumbar vertebrae from arbitrary spine X-ray images remains challenging due to their similar appearance and varying sizes...
The challenges inherent in spinal oncology are multi-dimensional, stemming from the complex anatomy of the spine, the high risk of neurological complications, and the indispensability of personalized treatment plans. These challenges are further comp...
Background: Spinal fusion is a common surgery, in which vertebrae are fused to restore spinal stability and eliminate pain during movement. The use of an interbody cage facilitates spinal fusion. However, complete cage migration into the dura matter...
Metastases are complications of primary tumors due to prolonged cancer survival and have become an important issue for oncological patients and the most frequent cause of death and disability. Bone metastases occur at a later stage of cancer disease,...
Background and Objectives: Although full endoscopic lumbar discectomy with the transforaminal approach (FED-TF) is a minimally invasive spinal surgery for lumbar disc herniation, the lumbosacral levels present anatomical challenges when performing FE...
Spinal–pelvic parameters are utilized in orthopedics for assessing patients’ curvature and body alignment in diagnosing, treating, and planning surgeries for spinal and pelvic disorders. Segmenting and autodetecting the whole spine from l...
Full endoscopic spine surgery (FESS) offers an ultra-minimally invasive solution for addressing many different degenerative spine pathologies. While FESS has demonstrated strong evidence for faster recovery, reduced hospital stays, fewer complication...
Osteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD) pose significant challenges in adult spinal deformity surgery, increasing the risks of complications such as vertebral compression fractures, hardware failure, proximal junctional kyphosis/failure, and...
Disc degeneration affects 12% to 35% of a given population, based on genetics, age, gender, and other environmental factors, and usually occurs in the lumbar spine due to heavier loads and more strenuous motions. Degeneration of the extracellular mat...
Objectives: One of the challenges of spine surgery is the need for adequate exposure of the anterolateral spinal column. Improved retractor systems with integrated lighting minimize the need for large thoracotomy, flank, or abdominal incisions. In 20...
Background: A crooked nose is a challenge for a surgeon performing rhinoplasty. When performed correctly, rhinoseptoplasty aligns the nasal framework, restores nasal patency, and achieves facial symmetry. The key to this procedure is to dissect all t...
Spondylodiscitis at the cage level is rare but remains a challenge for spine surgeons. In this study, the safety and efficacy of revision surgery by a posterior approach to spondylodiscitis developed at the cage level were evaluated, and these data w...
Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major complication in spinal instrumentation that is often difficult to treat. The purpose of this study was to identify and determine prognostic indicators for successful treatment of spine instrumentat...
Lateral lumbar interbody fusion is an evolving procedure in spine surgery allowing for the placement of large interbody devices to achieve indirect decompression of segmental stenosis, deformity correction and high fusion rates through a minimally in...
Current Deep Learning (DL)-based methods for vertebra localization in biplanar X-ray images mainly focus on two-dimensional (2D) information and neglect the projective geometry, limiting the accuracy of 3D navigation in X-ray-guided spine surgery. A...
This paper delves into the historical evolution of spinal surgery, focusing on the pivotal role of the Harrington rod in treating spinal deformities. Introduced in 1955, the Harrington rod marked a significant breakthrough in neurosurgery, especially...
Background and Objectives: Osteoporosis renders the use of traditional interbody cages potentially dangerous given the high risk of damage in the bone–implant interface. Instead, injected cement spacers can be applied as interbody devices; howe...
Background: While Asian American individuals are well represented in medical schools in the United States, their advancement to senior positions within the field of orthopaedic surgery is disproportionately low. This underrepresentation not only limi...
Background/Objectives: Spino-plastic surgery describes a specialized, multidisciplinary approach to addressing various spinal pathologies. The field is the innovative product of a multidisciplinary collaboration between plastic and reconstructive, or...
Direct laryngoscopes and videolaryngoscopes are the dominant endotracheal intubation tools. The styletubation technique (using a video-assisted intubating stylet) has shown its advantages in terms of short intubation time, high success rate, less req...
Cancer is the second-leading cause of death in developed societies. Specifically, cancers of the spine and brain come with significant therapeutic challenges. Chordomas are semi-malignant tumors that develop from embryonic residuals at the skull base...
Background/Objectives: Metastatic bone disease (MBD) poses an increasing challenge in orthopaedic oncology due to prolonged survival. While clinical prognostic factors are well established, the role of socio-economic determinants remains unclear, par...
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