75 Results Found

Daily activities require balance and control posture. A severe Acquired Brain Injury (sABI) disrupts movement organization, control and execution, affecting trunk control and balance. Trunk control therapy for difficult patients requires known and no...

Background: Upright position recovery (i.e., verticalization) is crucial in the rehabilitation of severe acquired brain injury (sABI). VErticalization by tilt table equipped with robotic-assisted lower limbs cyclic Mobilization (VEM) may facilitate a...

Severe acquired brain injury (SABI) is among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Patients following SABI may develop motor, sensory and cognitive disorders, alone or in combination. This review aims to point out the most used scales...

Background: Severe acquired brain injury (sABI) encompasses a range of neurological impairments. Visual dysfunction, particularly homonymous visual field defects (HVFDs) and homonymous hemianopia (HH), commonly afflicts sABI survivors, affecting thei...

Background: Disorders of consciousness (DoCs) include unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and minimally conscious state (MCS). Critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy (CIPNM) is frequent in severe acquired brain injuries and impacts function...

Accurate outcome detection in neuro-rehabilitative settings is crucial for appropriate long-term rehabilitative decisions in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). EEG measures derived from high-density EEG can provide helpful information re...

Severe acquired brain injuries (sABI) represent one of the main causes of disability and limitation in social life participation that need an intensive rehabilitation approach. The purpose of this study was to identify a possible correlation between...

Preliminary evidence in the literature suggests a high prevalence of malnutrition (undernutrition) in patients with severe acquired brain injuries (sABI), with an expected negative impact on clinical outcomes and pressure ulcers (PUs) in particular....

Background: Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) improved communicative skills in adults with post-stroke aphasia demonstrating the effectiveness in speech disorders and consequent improvement of patients’ communication skills. This...

Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) is now widely regarded as a chronic condition but this change in conceptualization has not yet been realized in the way rehabilitation and care are offered and funded in the United States. Similarly, it is widely accepted...

Severe Acquired Brain Injury (sABI) is a leading cause of disability and requires intensive rehabilitation treatment. Discharge from the rehabilitation ward is a key moment in patient management. Delays in patient discharge can adversely affect hospi...

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIa) and antimicrobial resistance are expected to be the next threat to human health and are most frequent in people with severe acquired brain injury (SABI), who can be more easily colonized by multidrug-resistant...

Background: Hydrocephalus among Severe Acquired Brain Injury (SABI) patients remains overlooked during rehabilitation. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out of traumatic and non-traumatic SABI patients with hydrocephalus, consecutivel...

Central-nervous-system (CNS) injuries constitute a significant cause of morbidity (often resulting in long-term disability) and mortality. This cross-sectional study compared the activity and participation of community-dwelling people with severe dis...

Background: Foot drop syndrome (FDS), characterized by severe weakness and atrophy of the dorsiflexion muscles of the feet, is commonly found in patients with severe acquired brain injury (ABI). If the syndrome is unilateral, the cause is often a per...

Background: Secondary hydrocephalus is a well-known complication of severe acquired brain injuries (sABIs) often diagnosed during inpatient rehabilitation. Currently, there is no gold standard for its detection. Therefore, we designed a novel clinica...

Introduction: Severe acquired brain injury (SABI) is a leading cause of death and disability, and it is defined as a brain injury that occurs after birth due to traumatic or non-traumatic causes. Reality orientation therapy (ROT) uses repeated time&n...

Little is known about service actions delivered in the complex intervention of vocational rehabilitation (VR) for people with severe acquired brain injury (ABI). Scale-up of the Vocational Intervention Program (VIP) across the 12 Community teams of t...

Severe acquired brain injury (SABI) is a major global public health problem and a source of disability. A major contributor to disability after SABI is limited access to multidisciplinary rehabilitation, despite evidence of sustained functional gains...

The diagnosis of apathy, one of the most common behavioral changes after acquired brain injury (ABI), is important for improving clinical understanding and treatment of persons with ABI. The main aim of this study was to determine the possible role o...

Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) is a life-changing event that can have a devastating impact on all aspects of a person’s functioning. Patients with ABI present several behavioral problems that have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study...

Background/Objectives: Impairment in self-awareness (ISA) is one of the common consequences of an acquired brain injury (ABI) and is associated with anosodiaphoria. Collectively, these co-occurring neuropsychological disorders pose significant obstac...

Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine are used for behavioral disorders following organic diseases. After severe acquired brain injury, patients may develop frontal symptoms. In our neurological rehabilitation routine, oxcarbazepine is used for better safe...

Disorders of Consciousness (DoCs) after severe acquired brain injury involve substantial impairment of cognition and physical functioning, requiring comprehensive rehabilitation and support. Technological interventions, such as immersive Virtual Real...

The effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in the motor and cognitive rehabilitation of patients with severe acquired brain injury (sABI) is unclear. This randomized, controlled, crossover, single-blinded, pilot study investigates the cognitive and mo...

Background: This study validated the Italian version of the Confusion Assessment Protocol (CAP), a tool designed to assess Post-Traumatic Confusional State (PTCS) in patients with severe acquired brain injury (sABI) who are not evaluable with standar...

Neurocritical care significantly impacts outcomes after moderate-to-severe acquired brain injury, but it is rarely applied in preclinical studies. We created a comprehensive neurointensive care unit (neuroICU) for use in swine to account for the infl...

Post-injury confusional state is a common phenomenon following acquired brain injury. A multi-faceted approach for decreasing confusion is recommended, but there is a paucity of research related to non-pharmacological management. The main objective w...

Background: Recent studies suggest that acquired brain injury with impaired consciousness in infancy is related to more severe and persistent effects and may have a cumulative effect on ongoing development. In this work, we aim to describe vocational...

Any type of brain injury that transpires post-birth is referred to as Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). In general, ABI does not result from congenital disorders, degenerative diseases, or by brain trauma at birth. Although the human brain is protected fr...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from external biomechanical forces that cause structural and physiological disturbances in the brain, leading to neuronal, axonal, and vascular damage. TBIs are predominantly mild (65%), with moderate (10%) and se...

Intensive-Care-Unit-Acquired Weakness (ICU-AW) is the most common neuromuscular impairment in critically ill patients and can have a significant impact on long-term disability. Early rehabilitation has been suggested to facilitate the natural recover...

The purpose of this pilot study was to explore and interpret the way that individuals with acquired brain injury, admitted to inpatient neurorehabilitation with severe eating difficulties, experienced eating nine to fifteen months after discharge. Fo...

This work aims to evaluate the prognostic value of the demographical and clinical data on long-term outcomes (up to 12 months) in patients with severe acquired brain injury with vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS/UWS) or a min...

In recent years, there has been marked interest in looking at the psychological consequences of medical conditions, such as traumatic or acquired brain injuries. Coping strategies are essential for clinical recovery and for dealing with the stressful...

70%+ of youth and young adults experiencing homelessness (YYEH; 14–24 years old) smoke combustible tobacco. Little is known about the prevalence of acquired brain injury (ABI) among youth and young adult smokers experiencing homelessness (YYSEH...

Although botulinum toxin is widely considered an effective and safe treatment for a variety of neurological conditions (such as disabling spasticity), local or systemic adverse effects have often been reported. This study describes three cases of pat...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its potential long-term consequences are of major concern for public health. Neurorehabilitation of affected individuals has some specific characteristics in contrast to neurorehabilitation of patients with acquired b...

Acquired motor limits can be provoked by neurological lesions. Independently of the aetiologies, the lesions require patients to develop new coping strategies and adapt to the changed motor functionalities. In all of these occasions, what is defined...

Cognitive impairment is the most common sequelae following an acquired brain injury (ABI) and can have profound impact on the life and rehabilitation potential for the individual. The literature demonstrates that music training results in a musician&...

Background: Some authors have hypothesized that cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy (DC) could positively influence functional recovery through several mechanisms. However, only a few studies with small sample sizes have investigated the eff...

The potential involvement of thyroid hormones (THs) in the neurological and functional recovery of patients with brain damage has been hypothesized. We aimed at investigating the role of THs and their variations during the rehabilitation process as p...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in assessing early brain development and injury in neonates. When using an automated volumetric analysis, brain tissue segmentation is necessary, preceded by brain extraction (BE) to remove non...

The prognostic ability of global white matter and gray matter metabolite ratios following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their relationship to 12-month neuropsychological assessments of intelligence quotient (IQ), attention, and memory is...

Background: The sequelae and disabilities that follow an acquired brain injury (ABI) may negatively affect quality of life (QoL). The main objective of the study is to describe the QoL after an ABI and identify the predictors of a better QoL. Methods...

Traumatic direct type carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is an acquired arteriovenous shunt between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus post severe craniofacial trauma or iatrogenic injury. We reported a 46-year-old woman who had developed a trau...

Background: Patients who are in a coma, a vegetative state or a minimally conscious state present a clinical challenge for neurological assessment, which is a prerequisite for establishing a prognosis and planning management. Several scales have been...

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) often produces heterogeneous cognitive and emotional outcomes that are not fully explained by conventional neuropsychological testing. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography may capture patient-specific pa...

Background and Objectives: ABI is found in all societies as the most severe, disabling neurological disorder. A cognitive rehabilitation program is essential for the clinical recovery of these patients, improving functional outcomes and quality of li...

Background/Objectives: This narrative review examines how developmentally appropriate safety and health education interventions in early childhood settings impact the incidence and severity of pediatric conditions requiring neurosurgical intervention...