260 Results Found

Silybin (Si) is the main element of silymarin isolated from the seeds of Silybum marianum L. Gaernt., which has superior antioxidant properties. However, the protective role of Si in maintaining liver health under oxidative stress remains ambiguous....

Liver fibrosis is the first step toward the progression to cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and hepatocellular carcinoma. A high-cholesterol diet is associated with liver fibrosis via the accumulation of free cholesterol in hepatic stellate cells (HSC...

Iron is an essential co-factor for many cellular metabolic processes, and mitochondria are main sites of utilization. Iron accumulation promotes production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the catalytic activity of iron species. Herein, we invest...

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a leading cause of organ dysfunction and failure in numerous pathological and surgical settings. At the core of this issue lies mitochondrial dysfunction. Hence, strategies that prime mitochondria towards...

Mitochondrial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes leads to oxidative stress, which drives disease progression and diabetes complications. L-carnosine, an endogenous dipeptide, improves metabolic control, wound healing and kidney function in animal models...

Most studies on the effects of physical exercise have focused on its influence on muscle tissue, forgetting its interference in liver function. Ageing leads to the progressive impairment of hepatic functions. Several biochemical and bioenergetics par...

Among the non-communicable neurological diseases, epilepsy is characterized by abnormal brain activity with several peripheral implications. The role of peripheral inflammation in the relationship between seizure development and nonalcoholic fatty li...

The loss of mitochondrial function impairs intracellular energy production and potentially results in chronic liver disease. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes contributes to the activation of hepatic stellate...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic beta (β)-cell dysfunction. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction may cause insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. As commercial hypoglycemic dru...

Background/Objectives: Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) exists as two enantiomers with potentially distinct biological activities. While D-BHB is the physiological form produced during ketogenesis, L-BHB is present in equal amounts in racemic supplements,...

Excess dietary fructose is a major public health concern, yet little is known about its influence on offspring development and later-life disease when consumed in excess during pregnancy. To determine whether increased maternal fructose intake could...

In animal production, nanoparticulate zinc oxide exhibits synergistic antibacterial efficacy coupled with growth-promoting effects, positioning itself as a novel antibiotic alternative with enhanced biosafety profiles. However, its dose-dependent tox...

Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in prostanoid biosynthesis. The constitutive hepatocyte expression of COX-2 has a protective role in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (IRI), decreasing necrosis, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)...

Choline plays a lipotropic role in lipid metabolism as an essential nutrient. In this study, we investigated the effects of choline (5, 35 and 70 μM) on DNA methylation modifications, mRNA expression of the critical genes and their enzyme activities...

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is the dominant cause of hepatocellular carcinoma, the main cause of cancer death. HBx protein, a multifunctional protein, is essential for pathogenesis development; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully...

Microcirculatory and mitochondrial dysfunction are considered the main mechanisms of septic shock. Studies suggest that statins modulate inflammatory response, microcirculation, and mitochondrial function, possibly through their action on peroxisome...

The liver plays a key role in systemic metabolic processes, which include detoxification, synthesis, storage, and export of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. The raising trends of obesity and metabolic disorders worldwide is often associated with...

Porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) haploinsufficiency (acute intermittent porphyria, AIP) is characterized by neurovisceral attacks associated with high production, accumulation and urinary excretion of heme precursors, δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a serious health problem, and recent evidence indicates that gut microbiota plays a key role in its development. It is known that 2-oleoyl glycerol (2-OG) produced by the gut microbi...

Owing to their antioxidant properties, caffeoylquinic acid (CQA)-derivatives could potentially improve the impaired metabolism in hepatic cells, however, their effect on mitochondrial function has not been demonstrated yet. Here, we evaluated the imp...

First-degree male relatives of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) sufferers can develop metabolic abnormalities evidenced by elevated circulating cholesterol and triglycerides, suggestive of a male PCOS equivalent. Similarly, male sheep overexposed to...

Diets rich in fats and carbohydrates aggravate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), of which mitochondrial dysfunction is a central feature. It is not clear whether a high-carbohydrate driven ‘lipogenic’ diet differentially affects mitochondria...

Mitochondrial protein acetylation is associated with a host of diseases including cancer, Alzheimer’s, and metabolic syndrome. Deciphering the mechanisms regarding how protein acetylation contributes to disease pathologies remains difficult due...

Obesity is considered an epidemic disorder, due to an imbalance between energy consumption and metabolizable energy intake. This balance is increasingly disrupted during normal aging processes due to the progressive impairment of mechanisms that norm...

The role of the liver in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), developmental disabilities characterized by impairments in social interactions and repetitive behavioral patterns, has been poorly investigated. In ASD, it has been shown a dysregulation of gu...

Background: Evidence suggests a relevant role for liver and mitochondrial dysfunction in allergic disease. However, the role of hepatic mitochondrial function in food allergy is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate hepatic mitochondrial dysfuncti...

Background: The relationship between liver disease and neuropathology in hepatic encephalopathy is well known, but the genesis of encephalopathy in liver failure is yet to be elucidated. Conceptually, the main cause of hepatic encephalopathy is the a...

Imeglimin promotes glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas in a glucose-dependent manner and inhibits gluconeogenesis in the liver. Meanwhile, imeglimin can improve mitochondrial function in hepatocytes. We used a nondiabetic metabolic d...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress. As a group of NAD+-dependent III deacetylases, the sirtuin (SIRT1–7) family plays...

Mitochondria play a pivotal role in energy metabolism, but whether insulin signaling per se could regulate mitochondrial function has not been identified yet. To investigate whether mitochondrial function is regulated by insulin signaling, we analyze...

This study evaluated the protective role of farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR) agonist INT-787 in the control of mitochondrial changes using a metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) model. Lep-ob/ob mice were fed a control diet (CD) for 21 w...

The global incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rising alongside epidemics of diabetes and obesity. Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) is now recognized to play dual regulatory roles in disease. A deep...

Liver transplantation is a therapeutic regimen to treat patients with non-malignant end-stage liver diseases and malignant tumors of hepatic origin. The ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in liver transplantation is associated with disruption of mitoc...

Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the most common diseases in old age that can lead to mortality. Systemic hypoperfusion is associated with hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury, which may be irreversible. Ischemic hepatitis due to AHF has been...

Milk is an important source of nutrients and energy, but there are still many uncertainties regarding the health effects of milk and dairy products consumption. Milk from different species varies in physicochemical and nutritional properties. We prev...

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease caused by fat deposition in the liver of humans and mammals, while fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a fatty liver disease in laying hens which can increase the mort...

Chronic binge drinking is common among patients with alcohol-associated steatohepatitis. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that chronic binge ethanol exposure disrupts mitophagic processing and stimulates release of mitochondrial damage-associated...

Diosgenin (DIO) is a dietary and phytochemical steroidal saponin representing multiple activities. The present study investigated the protective effect of DIO on type II diabetes-associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (D-NAFLD). The rat model wa...

Major susceptibility to alterations in liver function (e.g., hepatic steatosis) in a prone environment due to circadian misalignments represents a common consequence of recent sociobiological behavior (i.e., food excess and sleep deprivation). Natura...

The link between liver dysfunction and decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in sepsis has been clearly established in experimental models. Energy transduction is plastic: the efficiency of mitochondrial coupling collapses in the early st...

Pharmacological conditioning is a protective strategy against ischemia/reperfusion injury, which occurs during liver resection and transplantation. Polyethylene glycols have shown multiple benefits in cell and organ preservation, including antioxidan...

Alterations in mitochondrial function are an important control variable in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), while also noted by increased de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and hepatic insulin resistance. We hyp...

Insulin resistance (IR) disrupts hepatic glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function, which contributes to metabolic disorders. The present study examined the effects of tomatine on glucose metabolism in high-glucose-induced IR hepatocytes and expl...

The present study investigated the potential of polydatin to protect against liver injury and the mitochondrial dysfunction of weanling piglets suffering from intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR). Thirty-six normal birth weight weanling piglets an...

Hepatic mitochondria play critical roles in sustaining systemic nutrient balance, nitrogen detoxification, and cellular bioenergetics. These functions depend on tightly regulated mitochondrial processes, including amino acid catabolism, ammonia clear...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents a major global health burden and is often preceded by a prediabetic state characterized by insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Mitochondrial alterations, oxidative stress, and disturbances in lipid metabo...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the development of steatosis, which can ultimately compromise liver function. Mitochondria are key players in obesity-induced metabolic disorders; however, the distinct role of hypercaloric...

Primary mitochondrial diseases are caused by mutations in mitochondrial or nuclear genes, leading to the abnormal function of specific mitochondrial pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction is also a secondary event in more common pathophysiological condi...

The biological mechanisms linking nutrition and antioxidants content of the diet with cardiovascular protection are subject of intense investigation. It has been demonstrated that dietary supplementation with cow, donkey or human milk, characterized...

Chronic hepatitis C is characterized by metabolic disorders and a microenvironment in the liver dominated by oxidative stress, inflammation and regeneration processes that lead in the long term to hepatocellular carcinoma. Many lines of evidence sugg...