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This article presents a comprehensive review on migraine, a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by chronic headaches, by focusing on their pathogenesis and treatment advances. By examining molecular markers and leveraging imaging techniques...

Cannabis is the most widely consumed illicit substance worldwide, with rising use particularly among adolescents and young adults. Accumulating evidence indicates that chronic cannabis use may negatively impact several domains of cognition, yet findi...

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), which is marked by symptoms such...

Background/Objectives: Internal tremor (IT) is often reported by patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, also known as Long COVID, as a distressing and disabling symptom. Similarly, physicians are typically perplexed by the nature and etiolo...

Intracranial aneurysms represent a major global health burden. Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a catastrophic event. Without access to treatment, the fatality rate is 50% in the first 30 days. Over the last three decades, treatment approaches...

Background: Numerous studies have evaluated the effect that mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have on multiple health outcomes. For its part, stress is a natural response to environmental disturbances and within the associated metabolic response...

Sustained cognitive deficits are a common and debilitating feature of “long COVID”, but currently there are no FDA-approved treatments. The cognitive functions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) are the most consistently afflic...

Depression is a mental disorder that depicts a wide variety of symptoms, including mood and cognitive alterations, as well as recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. It could become the second leading cause of premature death or disability worldwide....

The purpose of this review is to compile and discuss available evidence in humans on the efficacy of YHM supplementation on performance in different exercise modalities. Yohimbine (YHM) is a naturally occurring alkaloid that induces increases in symp...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common diagnosis requiring acute hospitalization. Long-term, TBI is a significant source of health and socioeconomic impact in the United States and globally. The goal of clinicians who manage TBI is to prevent secon...

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare neurodegenerative and invariably fatal disease with a fulminant course once the first clinical symptoms emerge. Its incidence appears to be rising, although the increasing figures may be related to the improved dia...

SARS-CoV-2, a single-stranded RNA coronavirus, causes an illness known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Long-term complications are an increasing issue in patients who have been infected with COVID-19 and may be a result of viral-associated sy...

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt therapy is a crucial intervention for normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). This meta-analysis delves into survival time and the impact of baseline symptom burden on survival after VP shunt therapy for NPH,...

The perception of pain is strongly influenced by various social, emotional, and cognitive factors. A psychological variable which has consistently been shown to exert its influence on pain is a cognitive process referred to as pain catastrophizing. N...

Animal experimentation has long been a cornerstone of neurology research, but it faces growing scientific, ethical, and economic challenges. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are providing new opportunities to replace animal testing with more...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by the gradual deterioration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress has been identified as a key player in the development of PD in recent s...

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a severe neurocritical condition often complicated by cerebral vasospasm (CVS), leading to delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in management, thera...

Background: Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) affects the facial nerve, the seventh cranial nerve. It has an incidence rate of 20–30 cases per 100,000 habitants. The diagnosis is clinical, though imaging tests may be required in some cases. The...

Effective postoperative pain management remains a major clinical challenge in spinal surgery, with poorly controlled pain affecting up to 50% of patients and contributing to delayed mobilization, prolonged hospitalization, and risk of chronic postsur...

Tay–Sachs disease (TSD) is a rare and severe neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme hexosaminidase A, which is responsible for the degradation of GM2 gangliosides—...

The diagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is most difficult in patients who are in good clinical condition with a small hemorrhage, especially when a ruptured aneurysm might not be considered, or if a computed tomographic (CT) scan i...

Cannabinoids have gained increasing attention as potential therapeutic agents in chronic pain management. Their mechanisms of action, mediated through CB1 and CB2 receptors, provide a pharmacological alternative to conventional analgesics. The eviden...

Migraine, a prevalent neurological condition and the third most common disease globally, places a significant economic burden on society. Despite extensive research efforts, the precise underlying mechanism of the disease remains incompletely compreh...

Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is characterized by recrudescence or worsening of motor neuron disease symptoms decades after recovery from acute paralytic poliovirus infection, i.e., poliomyelitis. PPS afflicts between 25% and 40% of poliomyelitis survivo...

The Trail Making Test (TMT) is one of the most commonly administered tests in clinical and research neuropsychological settings. The two parts of the test (part A (TMT-A) and part B (TMT-B)) enable the evaluation of visuoperceptual tracking and proce...

The purpose of this literature review was to detect and study the effectiveness of therapeutic intervention programs, such as physical activities and sports, on children and adolescents with Developmental Motor Coordination Disorder (DCD) to improve...

Stroke is a major leading cause of chronic disability, often affecting patients’ motor and sensory functions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is the most commonly used method of functional neuroimaging, and it allows for the non-in...

Significant progress has been achieved in understanding Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) mechanisms and developing treatments to slow disease progression. This review article thoroughly assesses primary and secondary DMD therapies, focusing on innov...

Background: The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) is the terminal sensory branch of the musculocutaneous nerve and is rarely entrapped or injured. This study describes the electrodiagnostic (EDX) findings and etiologies of LACN neuropathy....

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare and potentially critical cerebrovascular disease involving intracranial dural sinuses and veins. The diagnosis is a stepwise pathway starting from clinical suspicion and employing several neuroradiological t...

Background: This study examined the impact of age-adjusted cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels on clinical characteristics, disease severity, and outcomes in Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS) patients. Methods: This retrospective study...

Ecchordosis physaliphora (EP) is a benign notochordal remnant, which is often an incidental finding; however, it can rarely present with neurological symptoms. We performed a systematic review of the literature for cases of symptomatic EP published i...

Cluster headache is a severe, poorly understood disorder for which there are as yet virtually no rationally derived treatments. Here, Lee Kudrow’s 1983 theory, that cluster headache is an overly zealous response to hypoxia, is updated according...

(1) Background: Considering that the specialty literature supplies only general data about the variability of the cervical branch of the facial nerve, this study aimed to determine this branch’s variation and individual peculiarities depending...

Therapeutic antibodies for reducing Aβ plaque load in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is currently making rapid progress. The diagnostic imaging of Aβ plaque load in AD has been underway and is now used in clinical studies. Here, we report o...

Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are the most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). The development of aberrant protein aggregates and the progressive and permanent loss of neurons are the major characteristic features of these disorders....

Neurosyphilis-induced dementia represents a severe manifestation of tertiary syphilis, characterized by cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairments. This condition arises from the progression of syphilis to the central nervous system, where the spiroc...

Due to the occlusion of the anterior choroidal artery (AChA), ischemic strokes are described with the classic clinical triad, namely hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, and homonymous hemianopsia. The aim of this study is to document the characteristic clini...

Background and Objectives: Leprosy primarily affects peripheral nerves, leading to significant neurological complications such as polyneuritis, mononeurosis, and autonomic dysfunction, which contribute to severe disabilities and impaired quality of l...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent yet underdiagnosed condition in pregnancy, associated with various maternal and fetal complications. This review synthesizes the current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and neurological cons...

Objective: There is a relationship between the incidence of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and age. The incidence increases with age. This study aims to facilitate the decision-making process in the treatment of ICH. It therefore investi...

Background: Pain is prevalent in almost all populations and may often hinder visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, and taste perception as it alters brain neural processing. The quantitative methods emerging to define pain and assess its effects on n...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) came into consideration in recent years as a promising, non-invasive form of neuromodulation for individuals suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI represents a transitional stage between no...

Wernicke–Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS) is a severe neurological disorder resulting from thiamine deficiency, commonly associated with alcohol consumption but also stemming from dietary imbalances or other clinical conditions. Cognitive deficits, aff...

Background: Central facial palsy (CFP), resulting from upper motor neuron lesions in the corticofacial pathway, is traditionally characterized by the sparing of the upper facial muscles. However, reports of upper facial weakness in CFP due to acute i...

Background: Endovascular treatment of patients with chronic subdural hematoma using middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization could become an alternative to surgical hematoma evacuation. The aim of the study was to compare methods and identify param...

Neurofilament light chain (NfL), an abundant cytoskeletal protein in neurons, has emerged as a promising serum biomarker that indicates non-specific neuronal damage secondary to various neurologic diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Emerging...

Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality. Both short and long sleep durations are associated with adverse health outcomes. Cross-sectional studies have shown an increased prevalence of stroke in long sleepers. Long sleep durati...

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) represent a significant public health concern, with mild-to-moderate cases comprising a substantial portion of incidents. Understanding the predictors of mortality among adult patients with mild-to-moderate TBIs is cru...

Background: Olive leaves are a significant source of biophenols, which have a beneficial impact on cognitive performance. Objective: To examine, for the first time, in humans the effect of the daily consumption of a beverage containing olive leaf ext...