Current Oncology

16 pages, 795 KB

Open AccessArticle

Impacts of Self-Esteem and Self-Perceived Burden on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients with Ovarian Cancer: Does Age Matter?

by Lei Dou, Li Liu, Zhichen Liu, Yajing Wang, Hui Guo, Yiqun Xiao, Meizhu Pan, Yuli Song, Hui Wu and Yi Zhang

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010023 (registering DOI) - 1 Jan 2026

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, is characterized by a poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The present study examined the mediating role of self-perceived burden (SPB) in the impact of self-esteem on HRQoL and whether age moderated the associations among [...] Read more.

Background: Ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, is characterized by a poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The present study examined the mediating role of self-perceived burden (SPB) in the impact of self-esteem on HRQoL and whether age moderated the associations among ovarian cancer patients. Methods: 203 patients effectively completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and SPB scale, respectively. For the FACT-G, physical (PWB), social/family (SFWB), emotional (EWB), and functional well-being (FWB) were scored separately. Results: Significant mediation of SPB in the impacts of self-esteem on PWB (a × b = 0.074, 95% CI: 0.018, 0.153), EWB (a × b = 0.048, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.125), and FWB (a × b = 0.056, 95% CI: 0.009, 0.114) were revealed. Age positively moderated the impact of self-esteem on SPB (β = 0.159, p < 0.05), and the associations of SPB with PWB (β = 0.173, p < 0.05) and EWB (β = 0.240, p < 0.01), indicating a moderated mediation. Conclusions: Ovarian cancer patients’ self-esteem could improve the PWB, EWB, and FWB domains of HRQoL by reducing SPB. Age could attenuate SPB’s mediation in the impacts of self-esteem on PWB and EWB, indicating stronger impacts in younger patients. Clinical programs integrating components that strengthen self-esteem and reduce SPB may be particularly beneficial for younger women with ovarian cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Psychosocial Oncology)

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14 pages, 275 KB

Open AccessArticle

Psychosocial Barriers and Social Perceptions in Oncology Patients with Tracheostomy: Case–Control Study

by Tomasz Jurys, Milena Orzażewska, Karolina Klimek, Eliza Działach, Jarosław Markowski and Mateusz Grajek

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010022 - 31 Dec 2025

Abstract

Patients with respiratory tract malignancies who undergo tracheostomy often experience profound psychosocial challenges related to visible anatomical changes and altered communication. The aim of this study was to evaluate psychosocial barriers and perceived social acceptance in patients living with a tracheostomy, compared with [...] Read more.

Patients with respiratory tract malignancies who undergo tracheostomy often experience profound psychosocial challenges related to visible anatomical changes and altered communication. The aim of this study was to evaluate psychosocial barriers and perceived social acceptance in patients living with a tracheostomy, compared with patients treated for similar cancers without requiring a tracheostomy. A matched case–control study with frequency matching at the group level was conducted including 150 patients with permanent tracheostomies and 150 matched controls treated with organ-preserving approaches. Groups were frequency-matched at the group level based on age, sex, primary tumor site, and disease stage at diagnosis. Participants completed a study-specific questionnaire assessing social withdrawal, self-consciousness, and perceived reactions of others using a five-point Likert scale. A composite Psychosocial Barrier Score was calculated, and subgroup analyses examined differences according to gender and age. Patients with tracheostomies demonstrated significantly higher psychosocial burden than controls, with markedly elevated composite scores and higher endorsement of stigma-related items. Female and younger patients within the tracheostomy group reported the greatest psychosocial difficulties, including increased social avoidance and reduced confidence in public settings. In contrast, gender- and age-related differences were minimal in the control group. These findings indicate that tracheostomy is strongly associated with heightened psychosocial barriers and perceived social stigma, particularly among younger and female patients. Integrating targeted psychosocial support into routine post-treatment care may be essential to improve social reintegration and quality of life in this population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Psychosocial Oncology)

19 pages, 590 KB

Open AccessArticle

A Novel Approach to Reducing Chemoresistance in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: The Effect of Itraconazole—A Single-Institution Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

by Ahmed E. S. Besheir, Sahar M. El-Hagar, Hesham A. Tawfik and Tarek M. Mostafa

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010021 - 31 Dec 2025

Abstract

Background: The five-year survival rate of patients with ovarian cancer remains less than 50%, secondary to chemotherapy resistance. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effects of itraconazole as a supplementary treatment with paclitaxel and carboplatin on malignancy response and in preventing the [...] Read more.

Background: The five-year survival rate of patients with ovarian cancer remains less than 50%, secondary to chemotherapy resistance. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effects of itraconazole as a supplementary treatment with paclitaxel and carboplatin on malignancy response and in preventing the initial development of chemoresistance in chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer. Method: This randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study involved 60 chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced epithelial ovarian malignancy who were randomized into two arms; the placebo and itraconazole groups. The placebo group received six chemotherapy cycles and four inactive capsules, while the itraconazole group received six chemotherapy cycles and 400 mg oral itraconazole for five days per cycle. Results: Following completion of six chemotherapy cycles and when contrasted with the control arm, the itraconazole arm demonstrated statistically significant improvements in tumor response. The objective response rate was 80% in the itraconazole group compared with 47% in the placebo group (p = 0.015), while the disease control rate was 100% versus 80%, respectively (p = 0.023). The median progression-free survival (PFS), defined as the time point at which 50% of patients experienced disease progression or death, was 13.5 months for the overall study population. PFS was evaluated as a fixed-time endpoint at 18 months following completion of chemotherapy for the overall study population. Progression-free survival was significantly improved in the itraconazole group, with 70% of patients remaining progression-free compared with 26.7% in the placebo group (p = 0.001). Also, the itraconazole group produced significant declines in the serum levels of CA-125 (p = 0.005) and p-glycoprotein (p = 0.042) with significant elevation in VEGFR-2 (p = 0.006) as compared to the control group. Itraconazole was safe and its use was associated with a significant improvement in the quality of life (QOL). Conclusions: Itraconazole could represent a promising add-on therapy to enhance tumor response to chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gynecologic Oncology)

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22 pages, 1459 KB

Open AccessReview

A Canadian Perspective on Perioperative Systemic Therapy in Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

by Saqib Raza Khan, Enxhi Kotrri, Daniel Breadner, Vijayananda Kundapur and Mita Manna

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010020 - 30 Dec 2025

Abstract

The management strategies in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have changed over the last few years. Despite advancements in surgical techniques and conventional chemotherapy, patients with resectable NSCLC remained at high risk of future recurrence. Clinical trials have demonstrated improvements in response [...] Read more.

The management strategies in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have changed over the last few years. Despite advancements in surgical techniques and conventional chemotherapy, patients with resectable NSCLC remained at high risk of future recurrence. Clinical trials have demonstrated improvements in response rates, pathological outcomes, and survival with the perioperative approach. Considering the findings of these landmark trials, there is a pressing need to contextualize and incorporate these global developments into the national practice framework. This review outlines key developments from recent clinical trials, with a focus on perioperative strategies in early-stage operable NSCLC from a Canadian perspective. We discuss the integration of checkpoint inhibitors in the perioperative setting for patients without actionable genomic alterations, adjuvant targeted therapies for EGFR and ALK mutant disease, and emerging tools such as ctDNA based minimal residual disease monitoring. The article also addresses the practical challenges of implementing these advances within the Canadian healthcare system, including systemic therapy approvals, barriers, and importance of multidisciplinary care to guide clinicians in optimizing patient outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surgery in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer)

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23 pages, 713 KB

Open AccessReview

Combination Cancer Therapy and Reference Models for Assessing Drug Synergy in Glioblastoma

by Semyon A. Sinyavskiy, Nelly S. Chmelyuk, Daria Yu. Travnikova, Vsevolod V. Belousov and Tatiana O. Abakumova

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010019 - 29 Dec 2025

Abstract

Glioblastoma is currently an incurable disease despite the development of a wide variety of therapeutic approaches, from surgical methods to immunotherapy. In current clinical practice, treatment typically involves a combination of existing methods, often comprising three stages: tumor resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Modern [...] Read more.

Glioblastoma is currently an incurable disease despite the development of a wide variety of therapeutic approaches, from surgical methods to immunotherapy. In current clinical practice, treatment typically involves a combination of existing methods, often comprising three stages: tumor resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Modern research offers improved chemotherapy strategies, as well as combinations of chemotherapy with immunotherapy. However, the efficacy of these therapies is profoundly influenced by factors such as tumor and peritumoral heterogeneity, alongside complex molecular signaling pathways. Optimizing glioma treatment requires a rigorous mechanistic understanding of individual approaches and their synergistic effects. This review comprehensively details current glioblastoma therapeutic strategies and critically evaluates key reference models for assessing combination therapy efficacy and their inherent limitations. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms and models will refine the investigation of observed therapeutic effects and accelerate the translation of promising in vitro approaches to effective clinical management of malignant gliomas. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Neuro-Oncology)

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20 pages, 2317 KB

Open AccessArticle

Lessons from a National Liquid Biopsy Program to Provide Cancer Testing and Treatment for Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors

by Anna Lapuk, Benjamin L. S. Furman, Pedro Feijao, Ebru Baran, Sonal Brahmbhatt, Betty Chan, Ka Mun Nip, Adrian Kense, Brenda Murphy, Ruth Miller, Vincent Funari, Alicja Parker, Melissa K. McConechy, Shaqil Kassam, Arif A. Awan, Bryan Lo, Daniel Breadner, Barry D. Stein and David G. Huntsman

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010018 - 29 Dec 2025

Abstract

Personalized cancer treatment depends on the accurate and timely detection of the patient tumor variants. LBx enables minimally invasive tumor mutation profiling. We report results of a pan-Canadian LBx program for patients with advanced solid tumors. Plasma samples were tested at Imagia Canexia [...] Read more.

Personalized cancer treatment depends on the accurate and timely detection of the patient tumor variants. LBx enables minimally invasive tumor mutation profiling. We report results of a pan-Canadian LBx program for patients with advanced solid tumors. Plasma samples were tested at Imagia Canexia Health accredited laboratory using the clinically validated Follow It 38-gene panel. A proprietary platform was used to identify clinically relevant variants in the circulating tumor DNA and report results following accepted international guidelines on clinical significance. A total of 4229 eligible patients submitted samples for LBx testing, and reports for 97% of them were delivered within ~8 days. More than 80% of Canadian oncologists from >150 institutions across 12 provinces (11% from rural centers) participated in the project. The patient cohort consisted mostly of advanced or metastatic lung, breast, and colon cancers. ctDNA mutations were detected in >50% of cases, and clinical trials were recommended for 76% of all participants. Health economics modeling analysis found that Follow It^® in combination with tissue biopsy was cost-saving and resulted in an additional 0.1138 QALYs gained relative to tissue biopsy alone. The successful pan-Canadian implementation of a cost-effective, robust LBx testing program demonstrated its sustained demand and feasibility, and its potential economic and health benefits. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Oncology Biomarkers)

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15 pages, 1007 KB

Open AccessArticle

Shifting Survival Horizons in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Conditional Survival Perspective

by Aydan Farzaliyeva, Huseyin Akilli, Ozden Altundag, Esra Kuscu and Nejat Ozgul

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010017 - 29 Dec 2025

Abstract

Advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is defined by biological heterogeneity and poor outcomes, and traditional survival metrics fail to reflect the evolving nature of prognosis as patients survive longer. This study aimed to evaluate conditional survival (CS) in advanced EOC using both overall [...] Read more.

Advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is defined by biological heterogeneity and poor outcomes, and traditional survival metrics fail to reflect the evolving nature of prognosis as patients survive longer. This study aimed to evaluate conditional survival (CS) in advanced EOC using both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) metrics to provide a dynamic understanding of long-term outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed 808 patients with FIGO stage III–IV EOC who underwent surgery at Baskent University Ankara Hospital between 2004 and 2024. CS estimates were calculated for additional 1- and 5-year intervals among patients who had already survived 6 months, 1, 3, or 5 years after surgery. Median OS and PFS were 4.37 and 1.70 years, respectively. Peritoneal dissemination and platinum resistance were independent predictors of poor survival. Approximately 11% of patients achieved survival beyond ten years. The 1-year CS-OS increased from 87% at 6 months to 95% at 5 years, while the 5-year CS-OS rose from 49% to 66%; corresponding CS-PFS values increased from 89% to 95% and from 44% to 62%. Conditional survival analysis underscores that prognosis in advanced ovarian cancer is not static but continually improves with time survived and sustained disease control. These insights redefine long-term outcomes and provide a modern foundation for individualized patient counseling and survivorship planning. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gynecologic Oncology)

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21 pages, 2296 KB

Open AccessArticle

Emerging Real-World Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma in Argentina and Brazil: Insights from the TOTEMM Study in the Private Healthcare Sector

by Vania Hungria, Angelo Maiolino, Roberto Jose Pessoa de Magalhães, Filho, Marcelo Pitombeira de Lacerda, Guillermina Remaggi, Paula Scibona, Cristian Seehaus, Erika Brulc, Nadia Savoy, Dorotea Fantl, Claudia Soares, Gabriela Abreu, Juliana Queiroz, Graziela Bernardino, Straus Tanaka, Mariano Carrizo, Ventura A. Simonovich, Tais Bertoldo Teixeira Fernandes and Bhumika Aggarwal

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010016 - 29 Dec 2025

Abstract

As treatments for multiple myeloma (MM) evolve, there is a need for real-world insights into treatment patterns and outcomes. The treatment practices and clinical outcomes in patients with MM (TOTEMM) was a database study (2018–2024) of newly [...] Read more.

As treatments for multiple myeloma (MM) evolve, there is a need for real-world insights into treatment patterns and outcomes. The treatment practices and clinical outcomes in patients with MM (TOTEMM) was a database study (2018–2024) of newly diagnosed transplant-ineligible patients with MM in Argentina (TOTEMM-A) and Brazil (TOTEMM-B) in a private healthcare setting. In TOTEMM-A (n = 72) and TOTEMM-B (n = 892), 37 and 92 different drug regimens were reported, respectively. In each country, treatment duration reduced across lines of therapy (LOT) (TOTEMM-A: range, 6.2–3.4 months; TOTEMM-B: range, 4.4–3.5 months); attrition rates increased across LOT (TOTEMM-A: range, 52.8–86.1%; TOTEMM-B: range, 41.9–88.0%); triplet regimens (mainly bortezomib based) were used most frequently in first-line (1L); >75% relapsed within 12 months, regardless of the drug prescribed; over 90% of relapses occurred between 1L and second-line, and up to half of patients were rechallenged with the same drug; >65% of patients experienced disease progression after 1L; and the 1- to 5-year adjusted cumulative risk of progression or death increased across LOT (TOTEMM-A: range, 47.1–88.5%; TOTEMM-B: range, 40.4–91.7%). The rapid and marked progression underscores the urgent need for novel treatments and regimens. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Hematology)

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43 pages, 701 KB

Open AccessConference Report

The Canadian Breast Cancer Symposium 2025: Meeting Report

by Christine Brezden-Masley, Katarzyna J. Jerzak, Nancy A. Nixon, Anne Koch, Amanda Roberts, Jean-François Boileau, May Lynn Quan, MJ DeCoteau and Tulin D. Cil

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010015 - 27 Dec 2025

Abstract

The 2025 Canadian Breast Cancer Symposium (CBCS) brought together patients, clinicians and researchers from across Canada to discuss advances shaping personalized breast cancer care. Key updates in systemic therapy highlighted expanding treatment options, including CDK4/6 inhibitors, oral SERDs, PI3K/AKT-targeted therapies, and antibody–drug conjugates [...] Read more.

The 2025 Canadian Breast Cancer Symposium (CBCS) brought together patients, clinicians and researchers from across Canada to discuss advances shaping personalized breast cancer care. Key updates in systemic therapy highlighted expanding treatment options, including CDK4/6 inhibitors, oral SERDs, PI3K/AKT-targeted therapies, and antibody–drug conjugates across early and metastatic settings. Radiation oncology sessions emphasized treatment de-escalation, featuring evidence for ultra-hypofractionation, selective omission of nodal irradiation, and stereotactic strategies to manage oligoprogression. Surgical presentations focused on reducing morbidity through tailored axillary management and emerging techniques to prevent lymphedema. Advances in the management of central nervous system metastases underscored the growing synergy between stereotactic radiotherapy and CNS-active systemic therapies. Informed by patient testimony and advocacy perspectives, experts reflected on persistent gaps in diagnosis, access, and survivorship that shape priorities for future improvements. Together, these insights outline key directions that help to refine clinical practice and guide future research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Breast Cancer)

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12 pages, 462 KB

Open AccessArticle

Low HALP Score Predicts Prolonged Hospitalization in Solid Tumor Patients with Febrile Neutropenia

by Salih Karatlı and Doğan Yazılıtaş

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010014 - 27 Dec 2025

Abstract

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious chemotherapy-related complication in patients with solid tumors. Identifying simple and accessible biomarkers that can predict prolonged hospitalization may support early risk stratification and clinical decision-making. Methods: This retrospective study included 169 adults hospitalized with FN between [...] Read more.

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious chemotherapy-related complication in patients with solid tumors. Identifying simple and accessible biomarkers that can predict prolonged hospitalization may support early risk stratification and clinical decision-making. Methods: This retrospective study included 169 adults hospitalized with FN between January 2023 and January 2025. Immunonutritional indices, including the Hemoglobin-Albumin-Lymphocyte-Platelet (HALP) score, the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), and the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), as well as the Clinical Index of Stable Febrile Neutropenia (CISNE) score were calculated. HALP and PNI were categorized using ROC-derived cut-offs based on the Youden Index. Prolonged hospital stay was defined as a binary variable based on the cohort median (>9 days). Spearman correlation, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify predictors of prolonged hospitalization. Results: HALP showed a significant negative correlation with hospitalization duration (r = −0.469; p < 0.001), as did serum albumin (r = −0.184; p = 0.017) and PNI (r = −0.273; p < 0.001). CAR (p = 0.617) and neutrophil count (p = 0.955) demonstrated no correlation. In univariate logistic regression, low HALP (p < 0.001), low PNI (p = 0.001), intermediate CISNE (p = 0.002), high CISNE (p < 0.001), microbiological culture positivity (p < 0.001), and sex (p = 0.015) were significantly associated with prolonged hospitalization. Age, comorbidity status, metastatic stage, and CAR were not significant. In the multivariate model, low HALP (p < 0.001), intermediate CISNE (p = 0.007), high CISNE (p < 0.001), and culture positivity (p < 0.001) remained independent predictors. PNI (p = 0.400) and sex (p = 0.176) did not retain significance. Conclusions: A Low HALP score, higher CISNE risk categories, and microbiological culture positivity independently predicted prolonged hospitalization in FN. HALP, as a simple and inexpensive immunonutritional marker, may enhance early FN risk assessment when used alongside validated clinical tools such as CISNE or MASCC. Full article

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15 pages, 4720 KB

Open AccessArticle

Prognostic Value of the PET/CT-Derived Maximum Standardized Uptake Value Combined with the Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Hepatectomy

by Tianyi Zhou and Chaoliu Dai

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010013 - 25 Dec 2025

Abstract

Background: We aimed to evaluate ability of a novel scoring system that combines fluorodeoxyglucose-uptake parameters and systemic inflammatory response indicators to predict hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. Methods: Clinical data were collected from patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy at our hospital in 2014–2022. [...] Read more.

Background: We aimed to evaluate ability of a novel scoring system that combines fluorodeoxyglucose-uptake parameters and systemic inflammatory response indicators to predict hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. Methods: Clinical data were collected from patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy at our hospital in 2014–2022. The tumor-to-liver ratio (TLR) was adopted as a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) standardized uptake value (SUV)-related indicator and calculated as the ratio of the SUV_max of tumor tissue to the SUV_mean of normal liver tissue. The patients’ immune microenvironment reflected the NLR. Postoperative overall survival (OS)- and disease-free survival (DFS)-related independent prognostic factors were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Results: Eighty-nine patients were included. TLR, NLR, and alpha-fetoprotein levels were independently associated with OS and DFS. The OS and DFS in the zero-point group were significantly longer than those in the one- and two-point groups. Time-dependent ROC curve analyses revealed area under the curve values of 0.830 and 0.752 for 5-year OS and DFS, respectively, for the scoring system, outperforming single evaluation indices. Conclusions: The proposed scoring system, which incorporates both TLR and NLR, simultaneously reflects metabolic tumor characteristics and the host’s immune microenvironment, enabling more accurate patients with early to intermediate-stage HCC undergoing hepatectomy classification and better prognostic evaluation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surgical Management of Patients with Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Malignancies)

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12 pages, 321 KB

Open AccessArticle

Patient Concerns Inventory for Arabic Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Preliminary Validation

by Abdullah M. Alsoghier, Bader A. Alwhaibi, Abdullah F. Alnuwaybit, Simon N. Rogers and Saif A. Aljabab

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010012 - 24 Dec 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatments often lead to significant post-treatment side effects that affect patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to translate and validate the post-treatment Patient Concerns Inventory for head and neck (PCI-HN) into Arabic among HNC survivors. Methods: [...] Read more.

Introduction: Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatments often lead to significant post-treatment side effects that affect patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to translate and validate the post-treatment Patient Concerns Inventory for head and neck (PCI-HN) into Arabic among HNC survivors. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design, where PCI-HN was translated and assessed for content and face validity by clinical experts and patients, respectively. Revisions to multiple items related to ‘social and religious welfare’. Patients’ responses were then analysed to assess internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test–retest reliability (Cohen’s Kappa). Results: Thirty-eight participants (19 males, 19 females, mean age 50.68 ± 16.13 years) were included. The Arabic PCI-HN demonstrated good overall internal consistency (α = 0.723) but fair test–retest agreement (κ = 0.22), likely reflecting dynamic changes in HNC post-treatment experiences. Conclusion: The Ar-PCI-HN can be a helpful instrument for capturing distinct aspects of the survivorship experience among Arabic-speaking HNC survivors. Determining the clinical interpretability and ability to detect changes over time requires further multi-centre and multi-country clinical studies. This would be necessary to ensure its integration into routine outpatient consultations for Arabic-speaking patients in Arab countries and globally. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Patient-Reported Outcomes Including Health-Related Quality of Life in Cancer Clinical Trials)

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18 pages, 302 KB

Open AccessArticle

Role, Resources, and Integration of Accompanying Patients in Oncology: A Qualitative Study from the Accompanying Patient’s Perspective

by Sarit Kang-Auger, Margaux Deroi, Khaled Katergi, Soline Bernard, Monica Iliescu Nelea, Cécile Vialaron, Louise Normandin, Marie-Andrée Côté, Mado Desforges and Marie-Pascale Pomey

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010011 - 24 Dec 2025

Abstract

Background: In response to the growing emotional support needs of patients in oncology, peer support was introduced into clinical teams in Quebec, Canada, in 2018. These peers, called accompanying patients (APs), are former cancer patients who use their experiential knowledge to provide support [...] Read more.

Background: In response to the growing emotional support needs of patients in oncology, peer support was introduced into clinical teams in Quebec, Canada, in 2018. These peers, called accompanying patients (APs), are former cancer patients who use their experiential knowledge to provide support to patients during their oncology journey. This paper aims to identify APs’ perceptions of the program by including a diversity of perspectives. We include inexperienced and experienced APs, APs in different facilities, and APs in different cancer programs. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study based on 12 semi-structured interviews of APs between June and August 2024 in Quebec, Canada. We explored four themes, building on the Practice Change Model for qualitative analysis: APs’ sources of motivation, influences and environmental factors, resources available for AP integration, and the program’s effects. Results: 12 APs from 5 facilities participated in an interview. All the APs, both experienced and inexperienced, were highly motivated to participate in the program. Their motivations included a desire to give back to society, to help people and to give meaning to their illness. Both experienced and inexperienced APs were confident in their ability to accompany others. They were aware of their responsibilities and its limits regarding their role as an AP. They pointed out the program’s positive impact on their own emotional well-being and that of the patients. The program also benefited the clinical team, by limiting unhelpful demands from patients and saving time for clinicians. However, experienced APs did not feel well integrated into the healthcare team. Conclusions: We concluded that APs are highly motivated to be in the program. They perceived a need for the program in the current health system. They noted its beneficial effects on patients, on themselves, and on the clinical team. However, more resources need to be directed toward integrating APs into healthcare teams. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Psychosocial Oncology)

9 pages, 555 KB

Open AccessCommunication

Germline BRCA1/2 Variants in Polish Patients with Family History of Breast and Ovarian Cancer: Prevalence, CNV Detection, and Identification of a Novel Loss-of-Function Mutation

by Sebastian Skoczylas, Tomasz Płoszaj, Izabela Dróżdż, Hanna Moczulska, Marcin Serafin, Katarzyna Piekarska, Olga Wojtyczka, Karolina Żeżawska and Agnieszka Zmysłowska

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010010 - 24 Dec 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with a significantly increased risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer. We investigated genetic variants in a cohort of 450 unaffected individuals with a family history of breast and/or ovarian [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with a significantly increased risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer. We investigated genetic variants in a cohort of 450 unaffected individuals with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, involving at least one first-degree relative. Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to analyze the coding regions of these two genes, with copy number variation (CNV) analysis. Results: A total of 16 unique to our cohort variants classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic were identified in 22 patients, including one novel loss-of-function variant in BRCA1 gene. Furthermore, we identified a deletion of exon 21 in the BRCA1 gene in two patients. Conclusions: These results emphasize the difficulties involved in molecular diagnostics and indicate the need for further research into new predictive models for patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research on Breast Cancer Genes in Cancers)

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79 pages, 5376 KB

Open AccessConference Report

Abstracts of the Cell Therapy Transplant Canada 2024 Annual Conference

by Stephanie A. Maier, Frédéric Barabé, Tobias Berg, Jonathan Bramson, Gwynivere A. Davies, Mahmoud Elsawy, Alejandro Garcia-Horton, Alix Lapworth, Christopher Lemieux, Kylie Lepic, Kristjan Paulson, Michael Radford, Mégane Tanguay, Ram Vasudevan Nampoothiri, Darrell White, Charles Yin and Jonas Mattsson

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010009 - 23 Dec 2025

Abstract

On behalf of Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC), we are pleased to present the Abstracts of the CTTC 2024 Annual Conference. The conference was held on 1–3 May 2024 in beautiful Victoria, British Columbia, at the Victoria Conference Centre, and attracted 293 in-person [...] Read more.

On behalf of Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC), we are pleased to present the Abstracts of the CTTC 2024 Annual Conference. The conference was held on 1–3 May 2024 in beautiful Victoria, British Columbia, at the Victoria Conference Centre, and attracted 293 in-person delegates and five virtual attendees. Several plenary sessions were held on topics such as gene therapy for hemoglobin disorders, optimizing donor selection, graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) strategies, collaborative care, survivorship, graft failure, and CAR-T therapy. Poster authors presented their work during a lively and engaging networking reception on Thursday, 2 May, and oral abstract authors were featured during the oral abstract session in the afternoon of Friday, 3 May 2024. Forty-nine (49) abstracts were selected for presentation as posters and six (6) as oral presentations. Abstracts were submitted within four categories: (1) Basic/Translational Sciences, (2) Clinical Trials/Observations, (3) Laboratory/Quality, and (4) Pharmacy/Nursing/Other Transplant Support. The top six (6) abstract authors were invited to give an oral presentation, and the top four (4) poster abstracts were selected to receive an award. All of these were marked as “Award Recipient” within the relevant category. Three abstracts were determined by the peer review panel to be inappropriate for this conference and were not invited to present at the conference, and two authors withdrew their abstract; therefore, five abstract numbers are missing from the list. We congratulate all the 2024 abstract presenters on their research and contributions to the field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Cell Therapy)

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5 pages, 156 KB

Open AccessPerspective

Family and Physician Perspectives: Unassailable, a p53 and PIK3CA Mutant Glioblastoma in a Child

by Mary-Pat Schlosser, Lea Stelter and Mike Stelter

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010008 - 23 Dec 2025

Abstract

High-grade gliomas in children continue to have a dismal prognosis. This case is of a child with a diffuse pediatric-type high-grade glioma H3 and IDH-wildtype, treated with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and a targeted agent without success. Physician and family perspectives are also presented. [...] Read more.

High-grade gliomas in children continue to have a dismal prognosis. This case is of a child with a diffuse pediatric-type high-grade glioma H3 and IDH-wildtype, treated with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and a targeted agent without success. Physician and family perspectives are also presented. Options for treatment and research participation are limited, but there is a strong desire from patients and families to access new treatment modalities and take part in clinical trials. Treating teams and families remain hopeful that in the future, tumours like the one described in this report will be treated with much greater success. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Outcomes and New Treatments in Pediatric Brain Tumors)

19 pages, 699 KB

Open AccessProtocol

The CAnadian Network for Psychedelic-Assisted Cancer Therapy (CAN-PACT): A Multi-Phase Program Overview

by Linda E. Carlson, Harriet Richardson, Ron Shore, Christopher P. Albertyn, Lynda G. Balneaves, Alan Bates, Margot Burnell, Harvey Max Chochinov, David Clements, Julie Deleemans, Hilary Horlock, Jean Mathews, Michael McKenzie, Chantal Savard, Claudio N. Soares, Wei Tu and Monnica Williams

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010007 - 22 Dec 2025

Abstract

The CAnadian Network for Psychedelic-Assisted Cancer Therapy (CAN-PACT) was launched in 2025 to address urgent gaps in supportive care for Canadians with cancer experiencing demoralization syndrome (loss of meaning, dysphoria, disheartenment, helplessness, a sense of failure) and related psychosocial distress. CAN-PACT has six [...] Read more.

The CAnadian Network for Psychedelic-Assisted Cancer Therapy (CAN-PACT) was launched in 2025 to address urgent gaps in supportive care for Canadians with cancer experiencing demoralization syndrome (loss of meaning, dysphoria, disheartenment, helplessness, a sense of failure) and related psychosocial distress. CAN-PACT has six major objectives: (1) to develop a national interdisciplinary research and practice network; (2) to set research priorities through structured stakeholder engagement; (3) to develop and provide PAT training and education for clinicians, researchers, and patients; (4) to pilot test the feasibility of intervention and assessment procedures; (5) to conduct a multi-center, randomized controlled trial of PAT for people with advanced cancer; and (6) to inform and influence healthcare policy on PAT in Canada. We discuss the background and need for PAT in cancer, describe challenges currently limiting its use, and outline CAN-PACT’s strategy for building capacity, generating Canadian evidence, and preparing the oncology healthcare environment for potential implementation. This manuscript presents a summary overview of CAN-PACT as a multi-objective research program; detailed protocols for each discrete study component will be published separately as the research program progresses. Through environmental scans, national engagement, targeted training, rigorous research, and ongoing collaboration with policymakers, CAN-PACT aims to enable equitable access to safe, evidence-based PAT for people with advanced cancer in Canada’s publicly funded cancer centers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Psychosocial Oncology)

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13 pages, 513 KB

Open AccessArticle

Changes in HER2, ER, PR, and Ki-67 in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Case–Control Study

by Youzhao Ma, Yan Yang, Mingda Zhu, Yue Yu and Xin Wang

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010006 - 21 Dec 2025

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigates receptor status changes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer, aiming to identify new therapeutic opportunities and improve human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) detection and categorization methods. Methods: This retrospective analysis was conducted on patients [...] Read more.

Purpose: This study investigates receptor status changes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer, aiming to identify new therapeutic opportunities and improve human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) detection and categorization methods. Methods: This retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with breast cancer who underwent NAC and surgery between July 2022 and June 2024. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were applied to assess the associations between HER2 status changes and clinicopathological features. Results: Among 508 patients, the receptor discordance rates after NAC were 5.3% for estrogen receptor (ER), 21.3% for progesterone receptor (PR), and 43.7% for HER2. Ki-67 expression decreased in 64.6% of cases and increased in 6.8%. Of the 103 patients with HER2-0, 47 (45.6%) transitioned to IHC 1+, 9 (8.7%) to IHC 2+/ISH−, and 1 (1.0%) to IHC 2+/ISH+. Among 256 patients with HER2 IHC 1+, 58 (22.7%) transitioned to IHC 2+/ISH−, 36 (14.1%) to IHC 0, and 9 (3.5%) to IHC 2+/ISH+. For 149 patients with HER2 IHC 2+/ISH−, 50 (33.6%) transitioned to IHC 1+, 6 (4.0%) to IHC 2+/ISH+, 5 (3.4%) to IHC 0, and 1 (0.7%) to IHC 3+. Univariate analysis revealed that, when compared to grade III tumors, grade I–II tumors exhibited a higher rate of HER2-0 to HER2-low conversion (66.7% vs. 36.8%, p = 0.027). HER2-low to HER2-0 conversion was associated with ER negativity (p = 0.028), PR negativity (p = 0.021), HER2 IHC 1+ (vs. IHC 2+, p = 0.001), and TIL >10% (p = 0.049). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumors with HER2 IHC 1+ were more likely to convert to HER2-0 after NAC than those with HER2 IHC 2+ (p = 0.020). Conclusions: Following NAC, ER gain, PR loss, and Ki-67 reduction were common. HER2 and ER status changes predominantly occurred within adjacent expression intensity levels. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection New Insights into Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment)

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18 pages, 1140 KB

Open AccessArticle

Comparison of Prophylactic Versus Reactive Tube Feeding Approaches on Weight Loss and Unplanned Hospital Admissions in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Receiving Chemoradiotherapy

by Teresa Brown, Louise Cooney, David Smith, Louise Elvin-Walsh, Eliza Kern, Suzanne Ahern, Bena Brown, Ingrid Hickman, Sandro Porceddu, Lizbeth Kenny and Brett Hughes

Curr. Oncol. 2026, 33(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol33010005 - 21 Dec 2025

Abstract

The study’s aim was to compare the unplanned admission rates and nutrition outcomes in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) receiving chemoradiotherapy at two different hospitals with different nutrition support approaches. Hospital Site A used prophylactic tube feeding and Site [...] Read more.

The study’s aim was to compare the unplanned admission rates and nutrition outcomes in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) receiving chemoradiotherapy at two different hospitals with different nutrition support approaches. Hospital Site A used prophylactic tube feeding and Site B used reactive tube feeding. Consecutive HNSCC patients receiving chemoradiotherapy with curative intent over six months in 2015 were eligible for this prospective comparative cohort study. Only patients who were classified as at high nutrition risk using validated guidelines were included. Patients’ weight was recorded at the start, end, and 4–6 weeks post treatment to determine percentage weight loss outcomes. Unplanned hospital admissions (for medical or nutrition related reasons) and associated length of stay (LOS) were collected throughout and up to 1-month post treatment. In total, 88 patients were included in the study (site A n = 58; site B n = 30). The mean age was 60 years, 86–90% were male, and predominantly had oropharyngeal cancer. There was no statistical difference between the groups for percentage weight loss at any timepoint, rates of unplanned nutrition related admissions, or LOS. Stepwise logistic analysis showed that being of an older age was predictive of having an unplanned nutrition-related admission. In summary, there was no difference in the rate of unplanned admissions or percentage weight loss for patients with HNSCC managed under the prophylactic versus reactive tube feeding approach. Decision making regarding the choice of feeding tube should be made in consultation with the patient and the multidisciplinary team. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Head and Neck Oncology)

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