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The purpose of this narrative review was to provide an overview that allows readers to improve their understanding of hemophilia A, which is considered a genetic disease with a high impact on the quality of life of people who suffer from it is consid...

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by an isolated decrease in the platelet count and an increased risk of bleeding. The pathogenesis is complex, affecting multiple components of the immune system and causing both per...

Introduction: Latent iron deficiency (LID), in which iron stores in the body are depleted without incidental anemia, poses a key diagnostic challenge. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (Ret-Hb) is directly correlated with the functionally available iro...

Most patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are >65 years of age, with the number of patients expected to increase in the coming years. A comprehensive geriatric assessment that carefully evaluates fitness status and comorbidities is...

Neutropenia refers to a decrease in the absolute neutrophil count according to age and race norms and poses a common concern in pediatric practice. Neutrophils serve as host defenders and act crucially in acute inflammation procedures. In this narrat...

Androgen usage has widely increased in recent times via prescribed and unprescribed means. Testosterone is a popular androgen taken by both athletes and the general population. While there is some evidence of androgens being thrombogenic, we report o...

Menin inhibitors are new and promising agents currently in clinical development that target the HOX/MEIS1 transcriptional program which is critical for leukemogenesis in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A-rearranged (KMT2Ar) and in NPM1-mutated (N...

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is the most frequent form of all childhood leukemias, mostly affecting children between 2 and 4 years old. Oral symptoms, such as mouth ulcers, mucositis, xerostomia, Herpes or Candidiasis, gingival enlargement and bl...

Anemia due to acquired copper deficiency is most commonly the result of malabsorption or dietary deficiency. However, it can occasionally be due to excess zinc intake, which impairs the absorption of copper. Copper deficiency may result in vacuolated...

Beta thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that results in inefficient erythropoiesis due to genetic mutation that leads to the reduction or absence of the hemoglobin beta-globulin protein. Approximately 8.5% of UAE residents suffer from β-...

Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies characterized by distinct genetic and molecular abnormalities. Advancements in genomic technologies have significantly transformed the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies for le...

Background: Current drug therapy for myelofibrosis does not alter the natural course of the disease or prolong survival, and allogeneic stem cell transplantation is the only curative treatment modality. For over a decade, the Janus kinase (JAK) inhib...

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by an isolated decrease in platelet count and an increased risk of bleeding. The pathogenesis is complex, affecting multiple components of the immune system and causing both periphe...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increases the risk of thromboembolic events, especially in patients with severe infections requiring intensive care and cardiorespiratory support. COVID-19 patients with thromboembolic complications have a higher r...

Hypopigmentation disorders pose significant diagnostic challenges in dermatology, sometimes reflecting underlying hematological conditions. This review explores the clinical presentations related to hypopigmentation in hematological disorders, focusi...

A male in his 60s presented with left lower extremity fractures following a vehicle accident. Hemoglobin, initially, was 12.4 mmol/L, and platelet count was 235 k/mcl. On day 11 of admission, his platelet count initially dropped to 99 k/mcl, and afte...

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of mature B lymphocytes. CLL is the most prevalent leukemia in Western countries. Its presentation can range from asymptomatic with the in...

The application of molecular tumor profiles in clinical decision making remains a challenge. To aid in the interpretation of complex biomarkers, molecular tumor boards (MTBs) have been established worldwide. In the present study, we show that a multi...

Red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization and antibodies formation against non-self antigens on red cells may occur after blood transfusion, pregnancies or other exposures. The RBC alloimmunization rate varies from 2% to 6% according to recent studies. T...

Inhibitors of the factor FXI represent a new class of anticoagulant agents that are facing clinical approval for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and stroke prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF). These ne...

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) prognosis has significantly improved in recent years; however, the possible survival benefit of new treatment options should be evaluated outside of clinical trials. We investigated 73 consecutive MCL patients managed from...

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) such as essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV) are rare during pregnancy. However, they are harmful because they are associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic, hemorrhagic, or microcircu...

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, and its variants have spread rapidly across the globe in the past few years, resulting in millions of deaths worldwide. Hematological diseases and complications associated with COVID-19 severely impact the mortality an...

Solitary plasmacytoma refers to a neoplastic, clonal proliferation of plasma cells forming a single mass. They are divided based on their origin site; solitary bone plasmacytomas originate from the bones, and extramedullary plasmacytomas represent ex...

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), a rare acquired hematologic disorder, can be treated with C5 inhibitors (C5i) such as eculizumab or ravulizumab. This retrospective study is the first to describe real-world treatment patterns and changes in...

Methemoglobinemia is an acute medical emergency that requires prompt correction. Physicians should have a high degree of suspicion of methemoglobinemia in cases that present with hypoxemia that does not resolve with supplemental oxygenation, and they...

A relationship between microvascular disorders and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) has been widely proposed. The vascular hypothesis, theorized for the onset of sudden SNHL (SSNHL), is among the most acknowledged: a localized acute cochlear damage,...

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with spindle cell morphology is a rare variant. We present the case of a 74-year-old male who initially presented with a right supraclavicular (lymph) node enlargement. Histological analysis showed a proliferation of spi...

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematological malignancy that is often associated with relapse and drug resistance after standard chemotherapy or targeted therapy, particularly in older patients. Hematopoietic stem cell transplants ar...

We report two cases of pancytopenia in patients after recovering from a mild COVID-19, now presenting as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and aplastic anemia. These cases illustrate a common pathway whereby a viral trigger causes the clonal...

Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL-LT), is a rare and aggressive variant of primary cutaneous lymphoma that typically expresses B cells as well as MUM1/IRF4, BCL2, and FOXP1, whereas BCL6 may be present or undetectable...

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) are two subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The simultaneous occurrence of DLBCL and AITL in a composite lymphoma is very rare, and there are no established treat...

Amyloidosis is a term describing the extracellular deposit of fibrils composed of subunits of several different normal serum proteins in various tissues. Amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis contains fibrils that are composed of fragments of monoclon...

Targeting kinase activity is considered to be an attractive therapeutic strategy to overcome acute myeloid leukemia (AML) since aberrant activation of the kinase pathway plays a pivotal role in leukemogenesis through abnormal cell proliferation and d...

Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, data on long-term outcomes of patients with MPN who have had ACS and risk factors for all-cause...

Hodgkin’s lymphoma carries an excellent prognosis with modern chemotherapy, but a significant proportion of patients remain refractory to or relapse after first-line treatment. Immunological changes post-treatment, such as chemotherapy-induced...

A quarter of a century ago, sickle cell disease (SCD) was mainly viewed as a typical genetic disease inherited as a classical Mendelian trait. Therefore, the main focus concerning SCD was on diagnosis, meaning, genotyping, and identification of homoz...

European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) hematologic response categories comprehensively assess complement inhibitor responses in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Using data from the 16-week randomized cont...

Background: Sickle cell disease is the most common human monogenetic disease, and its risks are amplified during pregnancy. Methods: This report describes a 35-year-old woman with HgbSS sickle cell disease who developed hyperhemolysis syndrome after...

Frailty is a hot topic in the field of multiple myeloma (MM). Clinicians have realised that frail myeloma patients can struggle with treatment, resulting in dose reductions and treatment discontinuation, which risk shorter progression-free and overal...

Fluid overload-associated large B-cell lymphoma (FO-LBCL) is a new entity described in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Hematolymphoid Tumors (WHO-HAEM5). It refers to malignant lymphoma present with symptoms...

Background: Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is an inherited red blood cell (RBC) enzyme disorder that results in non-immune chronic hemolytic anemia. Characteristic symptoms of PK deficiency include anemia, fatigue, splenomegaly, jaundice, gallstones...

Anemia is a prominent global health issue with a wide variety of causes and can be associated with decreased quality of life, increased hospitalization, and higher mortality, especially in older individuals. Therefore, studies further shedding light...

The Medical Directors of nine Italian Hemophilia Centers reviewed and discussed the key issues concerning the replacement therapy of hemophilia patients during a one-day consensus conference held in Rome one year ago. Particular attention was paid to...

Hereditary platelet delta (δ)-storage pool deficiency is a rare condition in which there are fewer dense granules in platelets disrupting primary hemostasis. It can cause a mild–moderate bleeding tendency with normal coagulation studies;...

Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a major concern in patients undergoing chemotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); however, the overall risk of FN is difficult to assess. This study aimed to develop a model for predicting the occurrence of FN...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by the presence of the variant S hemoglobin (HbS). The homozygous genotype (HbSS) is sickle cell anemia (SCA), while the double heterozygous of HbS and HbC (HbSC) is defined as SC hemoglobinopathy. The patho...

The treatment landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most frequent leukemia in adults, is constantly changing. CLL patients can be divided into three risk categories, based on their IGHV mutational status and the occurrence of TP53 disr...

Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMLBCL) is a rare and aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), considered a specific entity with proper characteristics, therapies, and prognosis. First-line treatment is not unique, and subsequent strategies...

Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasms (BPDCNs) are a rare, highly aggressive hematological malignant neoplasm that primarily involve the skin, bone marrow, lymph nodes and even extra-nodal sites. The rarity and relative poor description of ca...