Photonics, Volume 12, Issue 5

The quantum efficiency $(QE)$ or gain $(G)$ of a photoconductive device is most commonly given in the literature as a ratio of carrier lifetime to transit time, allowing for a value much greater than unity. In this work, by assuming primary photoconducti...

This study presents a comprehensive numerical and experimental investigation of electric field enhancement in inverted-pyramidal gold (Au) array substrates, focusing on variable inter-pyramidal spacing for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) app...

Compared with conventional detectors, a circularly polarized detector operating at 4.26 μm effectively suppresses background noise (e.g., solar scattering and atmospheric interference), enabling high-precision CO₂ monitoring across ecosystems like...

We propose a scheme for realizing nonreciprocal optical scattering with non-Hermitian four-wave mixing (FWM) in a double-$\mathsf{\Lambda }$ system of cold atoms driven by coupling and dressing phase-mismatched standing-wave (SW) fields. Four scattering channel...

The generation of hot electrons through non-radiative decay processes of surface plasmons (SPs) has been extensively demonstrated, enabling the preparation of high-performance hot-electron photodetectors without limitations imposed by material band g...

Based on the offset-launching (OL) scheme, the effects of light source coherence and OL distance on the power performance of the 49.4 km power over fiber (PoF) system using multimode fiber are systematically investigated. We analyzed the effects of l...

Underwater polarization imaging has emerged as a fundamental technique for detecting and imaging underwater targets. However, the effectiveness of this technique is hampered by the low light intensity and optical system deformation induced by water p...

All-optical matching systems that detect and localize designated target sequences in input all-optical data sequences have attracted significant attention in all-optical processing. They have various applications, including all-optical intrusion dete...

Tabletop 3D display is an emerging display form that enables multiple users to share viewing around a central tabletop, making it promising for the application of collaborative work. However, achieving an ideal ring-shaped viewing zone with a large r...

This study proposes a novel two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator for detecting dengue-induced changes in blood components such as platelets, haemoglobin, and plasma. By monitoring shifts in the central wavelength linked to refractive index...

Two-photon vapor cell-based optical clocks are strong candidates for next-generation portable atomic standards, offering simplicity, compactness, and high performance. Their narrow clock transitions with counter-propagating beams enable first-order D...

Numerical simulations were performed to rapidly predict and evaluate laser beam expansion caused by linear atmospheric transmission effects, such as turbulence and jitter, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the scaling law. Simulation results indicate...

As sixth-generation mobile communication (6G) advances towards ultra-high speed and global coverage, visible light communication (VLC) has emerged as a crucial complementary technology due to its ultra-high bandwidth, low power consumption, and immun...

Based on a distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) under optical feedback, a novel scheme for generating neuron-like tonic spiking is proposed, and the characteristics of the generated neuron-like tonic spiking are numerically investigated. Firstly...

In gravitational wave measurement and inter-satellite laser communication systems, the relative rotation and motion between the transmitter and receiver terminals introduces small angular deviations over a link distance of thousands of kilometers, wh...

Quasibound states in the continuum (qBICs) have aroused much attention as a feasible stage to investigate optical strong coupling due to their extremely high-quality factors (Q-factors) and extraordinary electromagnetic field enhancement. However, cu...

A temperature-sensing scheme is realized by a passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser based on the nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM). The ambient temperature can be measured by detecting the pulse repetition frequency of the mode-locked fiber l...

Under the dual impetus of the “Dual Carbon” goals and the construction of smart grids, the development of new energy power infrastructure has been fully realized. The All-Fiber Optical Current Transformer (FOCT), leveraging its unique adv...

Vortex beams characterized by helical phase wavefronts enable innovative explorations of optical and physical interactions. This work experimentally realizes longitudinally polarized vortices with arbitrary topological charges in terahertz (THz) freq...

This study is a comprehensive experimental and computational investigation into high-resolution laser beam diagnostics, combining classical statistical techniques, numerical image processing, and machine learning-based predictive modeling. A dataset...

Localizing underwater nodes when they cannot be tethered or float on the surface presents significant challenges, primarily due to node mobility and the absence of fixed anchors with known coordinates. This paper advocates a strategy for tackling suc...

We present and demonstrate a highly birefringent fiber Bragg grating (Hi-Bi FBG) that was fabricated using a femtosecond laser to induce a sawtooth stress region near the FBG. The FBG is fabricated with a femtosecond laser point-by-point method, whil...

Fiber eavesdropping severely endangers the confidentiality of data transmitted in optical networks. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how to detect and locate fiber eavesdropping in an effective approach. To leverage the advantages of the state o...

In this work, we explored, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the potential of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) to optimize random phase functions for application in non-iterative phase-only hologram generation. We defined and evaluat...

This work presents a high-speed hybrid communication system integrating Underwater Optical Wireless Communication (UOWC), Multimode Fiber (MMF), and Free-Space Optics (FSO) channels, leveraging Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) beams for enhanced data t...

This paper studies the use of secret key agreement for single-input single-output (SISO) visible light communication (VLC) systems. Specifically, we put forward a scheme for secret key generation and analyze the secret key rate in SISO VLC systems. F...

This study presents a reverse-optimization framework for supercontinuum (SC) generation in Ge₂₀Sb₁₅Se₆₅ suspended-core fibers (SCFs), integrating neural network modeling with the Nutcracker Optimization Algorithm to co-design optimal fiber structures...

This article presents the decision feedback equalizer (DFE), the maximum likelihood detection (MLD), and the radius-directed equalization (RDE) algorithms designed in MATLAB-R2018a to equalize the received signal in a dispersive optical link up to 12...

In this paper, we propose an application of fuzzy logic control (FLC) to improve the system performance of free-space optics (FSO) networks using the optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) technique. The primary objective is to dynamically adj...

Multi-focal microlens arrays provide notable advantages over mono-focal counterparts, such as multi-scale imaging capabilities and optical aberration correction. However, existing multi-focal microlens arrays fabricated on continuous surfaces are inc...

As the signature gas released before coal combustion, methane’s telemetry accuracy is susceptible to environmental influences, which is a difficult problem that needs to be solved. This article provides a detailed exposition on the application...

Energy spectrum computed tomography (CT) technology based on photon-counting detectors has been widely used in many applications such as lesion detection, material decomposition, and so on. But severe noise in the reconstructed images affects the acc...

To meet diverse industrial needs, temperature sensors with a wide measurement range have become a key element. In this paper, we propose an asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) temperature sensor based on polymer optical waveguides. Exp...

With the increasing communication frequencies in 6G networks, high-speed terahertz (THz) modulation signal generation has become a critical research area. This study first proposes an on-chip high-speed THz modulation signal generation system based o...

The conservation of cultural heritage requires advanced analytical tools to assess historic materials. In the context of the IPERION-CH project, a mobile multi-spectroscopic characterisation system for the analysis of cultural heritage materials, des...

The topological phase of matter brings extra inspiration for efficient light manipulation. Here, we propose two-parameter tunable topological transitions based on distorted Kagome photonic crystals. By selecting specific splicing boundaries, we succe...

This study reports the experimental validation of several designs of photon sieves with focusing capabilities. These permeable optical elements were implemented with a spatial light modulator working in pure-amplitude mode. The focal region was scann...

We introduce a novel approach to achieve broadband rainbow trapping in a 2D photonic crystal (PC) platform. By exploiting the concept of valley PCs, we engineer a structure that supports robust topological edge states. A carefully designed rotational...

Silicon modulators operating at high speeds are crucial for contemporary optical communication systems; nevertheless, their performance is limited by the resistance–capacitance (RC) time constant. This research introduces a modulator based on a...

At present, off-axis three-mirror optical systems mostly adopt aspherical mirrors with small apertures and small F/# to meet the development requirements of remote sensing payloads towards high precision, small volume, and lightweight design. However...

Background: X-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT) has emerged as a promising hybrid biomedical imaging modality for over a decade. However, the detector’s configuration has not been studied. Methods: We have built a benchtop XLCT imagin...

This study investigates a laser ranging technology scheme featuring a large divergence angle for both the emitted and received laser beams, focusing on applications where both the measured target and the ranging carrier are high-mobility platforms. A...

The nutritional quality of rice seeds is mainly determined by the content of key components such as protein, fat, and starch. Traditional chemical detection methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, inefficient, and harmful to the environment. To...

The optical spectrum resource in the C-band has been used up due to dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). Because of devices’ compatibility with both the C-band and the L-band, the L-band is a good choice for further capacity expansion...

Bessel beams occupy an important position in optical research due to their characteristics of long focal depth, self-healing ability, and diffraction-free propagation. Traditional methods for generating Bessel beams suffer from complexity, a large si...

Nonlinear dynamical states generated by self-delayed feedback based on fiber structures have broad applications. However, fiber-based optoelectronic feedback or pure optical feedback systems exhibit long delays, and the coupling mechanisms between th...

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) provide an ideal platform for the development of integrated optoelectronic devices due to their excellent solution processability and size-tunable optical properties. In this paper, we investigate the self-assembly proces...

Optical 3 dB power splitters are fundamental building blocks for advanced silicon photonic integrated circuits, with applications ranging from high-speed modulators to optical phased arrays and programmable photonic processors. However, 3 dB power sp...

Despite significant progress, fabricating two-dimensional (2D) lithium niobate (LN)-based photonic crystal (PhC) cavities integrated with tapered and PhC waveguides remains challenging, due to structural imperfections. Notable, especially, are variat...

This study presents the synthesis of manganese molybdenum tetraoxide (MnMoO₄)-based nanoparticles and then their experimental demonstration as saturable absorbers (SAs) in erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs). The MnMoO₄ nanoparticles were prepared and...