Biology, Volume 14, Issue 10

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are a class of significant transcription factors that play crucial roles in the regulation of plant growth and development. Although ARF genes have been extensively characterized in various plants, their functions in per...

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that interact with PIWI proteins and play essential roles in genome stability, gonadal development, and gametogenesis in animals. The Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is an important...

RNA editing is a crucial mechanism regulating gene expression in plant organellar genomes, which optimizes protein structures through base substitution and plays a vital role in plant growth, development, and stress adaptation. This study revises the...

The novel hybrid fish BTB, derived from crossing blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala, BSB) and topmouth culter (Culter alburnus, TC), exhibits markedly hypoxia tolerance in aquaculture. In this study, hypoxic treatment experiments confirmed t...

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive tumor characterized by elevated plasticity and poor differentiation. Platelet-derived preparations such as Concentrated Growth Factors (CGF) are rich in bioactive molecules, but their effects on t...

Saline aquaculture tailwater challenges conventional constructed wetlands (CWs) with their limited phosphorus (P) removal capacity. To address this, iron-carbon constructed wetlands (IC-CWs) were developed and operated under four salinity gradients (...

Plasmodium parasites are the causative agents of malaria and can infect humans and other vertebrates, impacting socioeconomic development and causing significant health issues globally. Plasmodium falciparum causes the most severe type of infection,...

This study investigated the presence, characteristics, and distribution of ingested microplastics (MPs) in Apathya cappadocica, a regional endemic lizard species. A total of 93 individuals were examined, and MPs were found in 19.35% (n = 18) of them....

The impact of substrates with different physicochemical properties on the response of rhizosphere fungi in rice to salt stress has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study is to reveal the adaptation characteristics of fungal colonies to sa...

The rabies virus remains a significant public health threat, particularly in regions with limited access to vaccination. This study shows that the BelloStage™-3000 bioreactor, operating on the “Tide Motion” principle, in combination...

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the periodontal tissues, ultimately leading to their destruction. The periodontal ligament is a key structure that not only secures the teeth within the alveolus but can also act as a source of num...

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), especially deep learning, have profoundly transformed biology by enabling precise interpretation of complex genomic and proteomic data. This review presents a comprehensive overview of cutting-e...

Insecticide resistance has become a critical issue threatening global agricultural production and food security. Previous studies have primarily focused on resistance mechanisms such as target-site mutations, enhanced metabolic detoxification, and re...

The double-sex and mab-3-related transcription factors (Dmrt) are widely distributed in the animal kingdom and play a crucial role in sex determination and differentiation. In this study, we identified eight Dmrt transcription factors in the genome o...

Protein folding is a fundamental process essential for cellular growth and health, yet it is also susceptible to errors that can result in misfolding and disease. This literature review explores the current knowledge of the roles of different factors...

Human harvesting exerts significant pressure on intertidal ecosystems, yet its impact on community structure remains insufficiently understood. To assess these effects, we investigated macrobenthic communities on Lvhua Island and adjacent islets by i...

In many vertebrates, ritualized behaviors serve to settle conflicts while minimizing the risk of injury. The Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) is a polygynous species that roosts in caves, where dominant males form and defend harems by displa...

(1) Background: Nitrogen is a key element that is essential for plant growth, and it is absorbed by roots from the soil. Nitrogen stress severely limits forest tree productivity; therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying nitrogen str...

Reproductive and growth traits are key economic traits in sheep. This study aims to identify key single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and candidate genes associated with reproductive and growth traits in Tianmu polytocous sheep through a genome-wid...

Digitalis purpurea, valued for its cardiotonic glycosides, remains an important medicinal species. Optimizing cultivation to enhance photosynthetic efficiency is critical for improving both biomass accumulation and metabolite yield. In this study, we...

Benthic macroinvertebrates are widely used for river ecosystem health monitoring, yet challenges remain in non-wadable rivers, particularly regarding sampling effort. We evaluated hand-net sampling efficiency at three sites along the Danjiang River (...

Background: Carvacrol, a natural phenolic monoterpenoid, has been suggested to exert anticancer effects; however, its underlying mechanisms in breast cancer (BC) remain incompletely defined. Methods: MCF-7 (HR⁺) and MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) BC cell lines we...

Chemosensory systems are essential in insect behavior, with several key genes associated with these systems emerging as potential targets for pest control. Porphyrophora sophorae (Archangelskaya, 1935), a destructive pest of Chinese licorice (Glycyrr...

Biochar can act as a carrier and a soil carbon source for rapid colonization by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). However, the effects of a combined application of biochar and PGPR on soil physicochemical properties, humus components, and...

The roles of PIWI in mammalian spermatogenesis have been well-studied but are largely unknown in invertebrates such as the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), which produces non-flagellar sperm. Here, we demonstrate that knockdown of PIWIs sign...

Humans form deep attachments to some nonhuman animals, yet these attachments are unequally distributed across the tree of life. Drawing on evolutionary biology, comparative cognition, neuroscience, and cultural anthropology, this narrative review exp...

Human early embryogenesis remains unexplored due to limited access to human embryos for research purposes. Meanwhile, the number of natural early pregnancy terminations remains significant, and solving the problem requires a deep understanding of the...

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized genomic investigations by enabling the exploration of gene expression heterogeneity at the individual cell level. However, the complexity of scRNA-seq data analysis remains a challenge for man...

Corn stalk rot, caused by Fusarium graminearum, severely threatens corn production, while chemical fungicides lead to resistance and environmental risks. Thus, exploring environmentally friendly biocontrol agents is crucial. Though Bacillus polyketon...

Each year, hundreds of female koalas are presented to koala hospitals suffering from a range of morbidities, many of which require euthanasia for animal welfare reasons. These koalas represent a possible resource for genetic recovery by means of oocy...

Long-term spaceflight induces multisystem stress, including cardiovascular deconditioning, skeletal muscle atrophy, immune suppression, and neuro-ocular syndromes. Current countermeasures reduce symptoms but cannot replicate the synergistic resilienc...

Microbial coal gasification is a highly promising bioenergy technology, yet its efficiency is often constrained by the highly polymeric structure of coal. This study explores a novel approach to enhance methane production from low-rank coal through a...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), arises from complex genetic and environmental interactions. Here, we integrate genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses with tissue-specifi...

Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are abundant in most human cells and tissues, and quantifying eRNAs has become a robust approach for biomarker discovery. While eRNAs play crucial roles in regulating biological processes and cancer progression, their functions...

Adamantane is a unique tricyclic hydrocarbon with a rigid, diamond-like structure. It is widely distributed in natural hydrocarbons and has significant potential applications in medicine, materials science, and pharmaceuticals. Despite its high chemi...

The localization and remodeling of mRNPs is inextricably linked to translational control. In recent years there has been great progress in the field of mRNA translational control due to the characterization of the proteins and small RNAs that compose...

The Alpine salamander (Salamandra atra) is a cold-adapted amphibian with low dispersal capacity, endemic to the Alps and Dinarides. Isolated populations at the range’s margins are especially vulnerable to habitat fragmentation and genetic erosion. We...

Cerastoderma edule, the European edible cockle, is a key species in the coastal ecosystems of Portugal, particularly in Ria de Aveiro, a biodiversity hotspot and a critical area for cockle harvesting. This study aimed to assess the population dynamic...

Global climate change is accelerating and human pressures are intensifying, exerting profound impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem service functions. The accurate prediction of species distributions has thus become a critical research direction in e...

Accurate diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) holds significant clinical importance for public health systems. Deep learning-based ECG, classification and localization methods can automatically extract features, thereby overcoming the dependence o...

Angulyagra polyzonata is a significant freshwater snail species in southern China. However, its wild resources have sharply declined due to overfishing. To assess the current status of germplasm resources in the Guangxi region, during this study, we...

The genus Skrjabinoplagiorchis is monotypic, with Skrjabinoplagiorchis polonicus parasitizing rodents in the Western Palaearctic. This genus is classified within the family Plagiorchiidae; however, its taxonomic position remains unclear. In the prese...

Aldose reductase (AKR1B1) is a member of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) family and plays a variety of roles in many metabolic and physiological processes. Although its function in the polyol pathway and defense against reactive carbonyl species is wel...

Soft tissue manipulation (STM) is widely used by physical therapists, massage therapists, athletic trainers, and osteopathic physicians to manage musculoskeletal pain, yet its biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Preclinical studies indica...

Pollination biology examines the mechanisms, agents, and ecological significance of pollination [...]

Macroalgal–coral interactions (MCI) are an integral yet understudied component of coral reef ecology, particularly in healthy systems where they may represent stable coexistence rather than competition. This study provides the first comprehensi...

Hymenaea martiana is a species native to Brazil. It has ecological value, contributes to forest restoration, and is economically important because of the use of its wood and fruits. However, it is frequently exploited. Therefore, understanding geneti...

Fluctuating water temperatures and bacterial pathogens such as Edwardsiella tarda pose a serious threat to mariculture, resulting in significant economic losses within the flounder industry. A previous study revealed that elevated temperature enhance...

Wetland diversity and associated wildlife is declining globally. The Szaporca Old-Drava oxbow, one of Hungary’s first wetlands designated under the Ramsar Convention, has been threatened by desiccation, prompting the implementation of water rep...

Temperature has always been an important environmental factor, and changes in water temperature are closely related to the entire life process of fish. Investigating the impact of thermal stress on fish physiology is critical for optimizing aquacultu...