Applied Sciences, Volume 9, Issue 5

Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM), derived from human teeth, is an excellent scaffold material with exciting bioactive properties to enhance bone and dental tissue engineering efficacy. In this article, first the nano-structure and bioactive componen...

Oil spilling has been a serious problem in the world for a long time, which can bring toxic substances to marine life. A large number of researchers around the world have introduced many measures to address this problem. One of the effective methods...

Electric power steering (EPS) systems under existing vehicle power systems cannot provide enough power for heavy-duty commercial vehicles under pivot or low-speed steering conditions. To solve this problem, the paper proposes an EPS system that is ba...

Freestanding thin film electrodes are competitive candidate materials for high-performance energy stockpile equipment due to their self-supporting structure and because they lack any polymer binder or conductive additive. In our work, a porous carbon...

The bending and shear behavior of RC beams strengthened with Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) is the primary objective of this paper, which is focused on the failure mechanisms and on the moment-curvature response prior-to, and post, strengthe...

Improving the phase sensitivity of the optical fiber Sagnac sensor is very important for accurately detecting weak signals of acoustic emission. Theoretical analysis shows that the initial phase of the sensor is π under ideal conditions, and the m...

Based on the morphology characteristics, low-dimensional (LD) nanostructures with high aspect ratio can be usually divided into nanowire, nanocone, nanotube, nanorod, nanoribbon, nanobelt and so on. Among numerous LD nanostructures, boron-based nanos...

Whale vocal calls contain valuable information and abundant characteristics that are important for classification of whale sub-populations and related biological research. In this study, an effective data-driven approach based on pre-trained Convolut...

This study assessed the influence of matter discharged during the production (dry/wet) of recycled aggregate on global warming potential (GWP) and acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), ozone depletion potential (ODP), biotic re...

This paper proposes an optimal design for hybrid grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs). A smart grid consisting of PV generation units, stationary Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), and domestic loads develops a multi-ob...

Previous studies have showed that rock asphalt (RA) or diatomite were used to modify the petroleum bitumen. This paper presents the findings from a study conducted to evaluate the potential impact of RA and diatomite on the rheological characteristic...

Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) is a test method used for assessment of mechanical condition of transformer active parts. Its biggest problem is the interpretation of test results, namely the relationship between scale of differences between compar...

Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) can be a life changing iatrogenic complication of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drug therapy. It is most often associated with high doses of these medications that are used to preven...

The inspection of rice grain that may be infected by seedborne disease is important for ensuring uniform plant stands in production fields as well as preventing proliferation of some seedborne diseases. The goal of this study was to use a hyperspectr...

Investing in the optimal measures for improving the energy efficiency of urban street lighting systems has become strategic for the economic, technological and social development of cities. The decision-making process for the selection of the optimal...

Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) have attracted attention in the nondestructive testing and structural health monitoring (SHM) of multi-wire cables. They offer such advantages as a single measurement, wide coverage of the acoustic field, and long-range...

In light of ignoring the effect of backlash on mesh stiffness in existing gear dynamic theory, a precise profile equation was established based on the generating processing principle. An improved potential energy method was proposed to calculate the...

Achieving the fast oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics at the cathode of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is indispensable to enhance the efficiency of SOFCs at intermediate temperatures. Mixed ionic and electronic conducting (MIEC) oxides such as...

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams, characterized by the helical phase wavefront, have received significant interest in various areas of study. There are many methods to generate OAM beams, which can be roughly divided into two types: spatial metho...

The modern high strength steel plates have an excellent combination of strength and toughness based on micro-alloying and complex microstructure. Retaining this combination of properties in the weld zone is a major challenge for applications in high-...

The study investigates the effect of carbon nanotubes on chloride penetration in nano-modified mortars and reports on the physical, electrical, and mechanical performance of the material. Mortars were artificially corroded and their surface electrica...

This paper presents a biologically-inspired learning and adaptation method for self-evolving control of networked mobile robots. A Kalman filter (KF) algorithm is employed to develop a self-learning RBFNN (Radial Basis Function Neural Network), calle...

The aim of our study was to evaluate the properties of different commercially available resorbable collagen membranes for guided bone regeneration, upon addition of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF). The structural and morphological details, mecha...

Efficient throwing mechanics is predicated on a pitcher’s ability to perform a sequence of movements of body segments, which progresses from the legs, pelvis, and trunk to the smaller, distal arm segments. Each segment plays a vital role in ach...

Every year approximately 1.35 million people die as a consequence of road accidents. Almost 50% of road fatalities are vulnerable road users (VRUs). This research reviews the history of traffic safety for VRUs, presents an interesting insight into th...

This paper proposes a nonlinear control method for carrying out Minimum-time satellite attitude maneuver and antenna motion which have robustness against model uncertainty. In recent years, small Earth observation satellites have been utilized and ex...

The re-keying scheme is a variant of the symmetric encryption scheme where a sender (respectively, receiver) encrypts (respectively, decrypts) plaintext with a temporal session key derived from a master secret key and publicly-shared randomness. It i...

A review of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) components designed for the use in beam-forming networks working in X-Band is presented. The proposed devices are four-port and six-port couplers and magic tees for the network. The devices take full a...

In recent years, the formation control of multi-mobile robots has been widely investigated by researchers. With increasing numbers of robots in the formation, distributed formation control has become the development trend of multi-mobile robot format...

X-ray tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are excellent techniques for non-destructive or non-invasive inspections, however, they have shotcomings including the expensive cost in both the devices themselves and their protection facilities...

Picolinic acid (PA), a C2-carboxylated pyridine derivative, is a significant intermediate used in industrial production. PA is considered hazardous for the environment and human health. In this study, a Gram-positive bacterium, Rhodococcus sp. PA18,...

The use of phase change materials (PCM) can be considered an effective way to improve the energy storage capabilities of hybrid water thermal energy storage (TESs) in solar heating and cooling plants. However, due to a few shortcomings, their use is...

Emulsified pickling waste liquid, derived from cleaning oily hardware, cause serious environmental and ecological issues. In this work, a series of grafted (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) TiO₂ pillared montmorillonite (Mt), Ti-Mt-APTES, are pr...

Image degradation caused by shadows is likely to cause technological issues in image segmentation and target recognition. In view of the existing shadow removal methods, there are problems such as small and trivial shadow processing, the scarcity of...

Recently, automatic modulation recognition has been an important research topic in wireless communication. Due to the application of deep learning, it is prospective of using convolution neural networks on raw in-phase and quadrature signals in devel...

This paper proposes a soft robot hand with pin-array structure and self-adaptive function, CTSA-II hand, where CTSA is the Cluster tube self-adaption. The CTSA-II hand is designed with a quite concise structure and consists of bases, a pin array, a s...

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is one of the most efficient methods to reduce NO_x emissions from coal-fired power plants. This paper deals with an optimal design tower type SCR-deNO_x facility for a 1000 MW coal-fired power plant. Combined with c...

The alkalinity of the pore solution is of great interest for evaluating the rising of the alkali–silica reaction (ASR) when reactive amorphous silica is found in some aggregates in some cement-based composites. This reaction is not desirable be...

Periodic foundations for seismic isolation are getting increasing attention in the field of civil engineering. Initial stresses due to the vertical loads from the upper structures exist in periodic foundations. In the present paper, attenuation zones...

An engineered cementitious composite, endowed with strain recovery and incorporating hybrid shape memory alloy (SMA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) short fibers, was subjected to drop weight impact loading. Numerical simulation of the composite’s impact...

Vortex generators (VG) are passive flow control devices used for avoiding or delaying the separation of the boundary layer by bringing momentum from the higher layers of the fluid towards the surface. The Vortex generator usually has the same height...

Road detection is a crucial research topic in computer vision, especially in the framework of autonomous driving and driver assistance. Moreover, it is an invaluable step for other tasks such as collision warning, vehicle detection, and pedestrian de...

A specially correlated radially polarized (SCRP) beam with unusual physical properties on propagation in the paraxial regime was introduced and generated recently. In this paper, we extend the paraxial propagation of an SCRP beam to the nonparaxial r...

Aiming to predict the performance of galloping piezoelectric energy harvesters, a theoretical model is established and verified by experiments. The relative error between the model and experimental results is 5.3%. In addition, the present model is u...

In this work, we propose an assistive navigation system for visually impaired people (ANSVIP) that takes advantage of ARCore to acquire robust computer vision-based localization. To complete the system, we propose adaptive artificial potential field...

In the event of a generator loss or disturbance, the power system frequency declines quickly and overall system stability is at risk. During these scenarios, under frequency load shedding is triggered to restore the power system frequency. The main s...

The concept presented in this paper fits into the current trend of highly secured hardware authentication designs utilizing Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) or Physical Obfuscated Keys (POKs). We propose an idea that the PUF cryptographic keys...

The focus of this manuscript was to propose a new phased array antenna design for the fifth generation (5G) mobile platforms. Eight elements of compact Quasi-Yagi antennas were placed on the top portion of smartphone printed circuits board (PCB) to f...

Dye-sensitised solar cells continue to be a promising photovoltaic technology for indoor and outdoor applications, with increased interest in power window applications integrated into buildings. This results from properties not seen in other, more es...

We investigate theoretically the photon statistics in a coupled cavity system mediated by a two-level atom. The system consists of a linear cavity weakly driven by a continuous laser, and a nonlinear cavity containing an atom inside. We find that the...