The exoskeleton is often regarded as a tool for rehabilitation and assistance of human movement. The control schemes were conventionally implemented by developing accurate physical and kinematic models, which often lack robustness to external variati...
Virtual reality (VR) is an appealing approach for increasing the engagement and attention of patients during rehabilitation. Understanding how motor control changes in real vs. virtual scenarios is a research challenge in terms of validating its admi...
Understanding the central nervous system responses to different threats of balance loss is instrumental for developments in behavioral neurophysiology and rehabilitation. Motor imagery (MI) and virtual reality (VR) are used to model postural threats....
Haptic feedback is the sensory modality to enhance the so-called “immersion”, meant as the extent to which senses are engaged by the mediated environment during virtual reality applications. However, it can be challenging to meet this req...
Botulinum toxins are neurotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum. This toxin can be lethal for humans as a cause of botulism; however, in small doses, the same toxin is used to treat different conditions. Even if the therapeutic doses are effective...
Objective: Virtual reality (VR) exercises may offer a comprehensive rehabilitation approach for many conditions. This study primarily aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VR exercises compared with conventional exercise in reducing pain intensity i...
A distinct typing interface using surface electromyography (sEMG) can facilitate silent, hands-free typing by interpreting muscle activity in relation to specific keystrokes. Character-level recognition poses greater challenges than coarse gesture re...
Background and Objectives: Surface electromyography (EMG) is widely used to assess muscle activation. However, direct interpretation of its functional biomechanical consequences remains challenging. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an EMG-dri...
Low back pain (LBP) remains one of the most prevalent and disabling musculoskeletal conditions globally, with profound social, economic, and healthcare implications. The rising incidence and chronic nature of LBP highlight the need for more objective...
Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are routinely used during anesthesia to relax skeletal muscle. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels; NMBAs can induce muscle paralysis by preventing the neurotransmitter acetyl...
Background/Objectives: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune neuromuscular disease. Clinical trials with rigorously collected data provide valuable opportunities for mathematical modeling of patient outcomes over time. However, for rare disease...
Anecdotal reports have recently circulated suggesting that intramuscular injection of bacteriostatic saline (BS)—which contains benzyl alcohol (BnOH)—can reverse botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA)-induced brow ptosis. Given the well-establish...