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71 Results Found

  • Review
  • Open Access
13 Citations
8,365 Views
29 Pages

3 June 2020

Landscape modification associated with agricultural intensification has brought considerable challenges for the sustainable development of New Zealand hill country farms. Addressing these challenges requires an appropriate approach to support farmers...

  • Article
  • Open Access
600 Views
18 Pages

15 August 2025

Establishing a sustainable framework for remediating environmental degradation caused by historical mining operations in the Sierra Minera of Cartagena-La Unión, southeastern Spain, is a critical imperative. When the reclamation requirements o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
97 Citations
13,569 Views
27 Pages

23 October 2018

This paper focuses on the historic and cultural dimension of landscape, in relation to the holistic and dynamic approach today required in landscape research. In this direction, the Authors investigate the present role played by historical rural land...

  • Article
  • Open Access
54 Citations
14,096 Views
20 Pages

11 December 2013

Green infrastructure (GI) design is advocated as a new paradigm for stormwater management, whereas current knowledge of GI design is mostly based on isolated design strategies used at small-scale sites. This study presents empirical findings from two...

  • Review
  • Open Access
18 Citations
6,747 Views
11 Pages

15 March 2018

Landscape character assessment (LCA) has a significant contribution to make as a spatial framework for the emerging concept of ‘multi-functional landscapes’, a landscape providing a range of functions, services, and human-derived benefits. The paper...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,818 Views
22 Pages

12 January 2022

Most sustainable planning frameworks assess natural and social–economic landscape systems as separate entities, and our understanding of the interrelationships between them is incomplete. Landscape classification in urbanizing environments requ...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
12,977 Views
58 Pages

20 May 2023

Swedish policies aim at conserving biological production, biodiversity, cultural heritage and recreational assets. This requires compositionally and structurally functional networks of representative habitats, the processes that maintain them, and re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
641 Views
25 Pages

14 October 2025

Urban–rural mountainous regions face persistent challenges in reconciling ecological conservation, cultural heritage preservation, and recreational demands, all of which are vital to advancing social sustainability. This study develops an integ...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,580 Views
18 Pages

An Ecological Service System Based Study on Suburban Rural Landscape Multifunction

  • Jie Zheng,
  • Lisha Na,
  • Binglin Liu,
  • Tiantian Zhang and
  • Hao Wang

25 February 2021

Suburban rural landscape multifunction has received increasing attention from scholars due to its high demand and impact on main urban areas. However, few studies have been focused on suburban rural landscape multifunction because of data constraints...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,300 Views
20 Pages

11 May 2023

For sustainable, national landscape-planning, this study focused on land cover changes, landscape analysis methods from various perspectives on the landscape, legal system analysis related to landscape planning, and analysis of a basic spatial map fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,358 Views
18 Pages

Perception of Ecosystem Services in Constituting Multi-Functional Landscapes in Slovakia

  • Peter Bezák,
  • Peter Mederly,
  • Zita Izakovičová,
  • Milena Moyzeová and
  • Magdaléna Bezáková

12 June 2020

Landscape provides many services for human wellbeing through its mosaic of ecosystems. Although different landscape spatial structures limit some access to these services for local residents, their demand for landscape benefits creates a crucial comp...

  • Review
  • Open Access
52 Citations
15,254 Views
22 Pages

Urban Greenways: A Systematic Review and Typology

  • Olivia S. Horte and
  • Theodore S. Eisenman

1 February 2020

Greenways are multifunctional linear landscapes that provide a range of socio-ecological benefits. As a domain of landscape planning research, greenways gained traction in the late 20th century and today, there is substantial interest in greenway pla...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,267 Views
14 Pages

The Role of Trees Outside Forests in the Cultural Landscape of the Colline del Prosecco UNESCO Site

  • Antonio Santoro,
  • Francesco Piras,
  • Beatrice Fiore,
  • Niccolò Frassinelli,
  • Alessandra Bazzurro and
  • Mauro Agnoletti

26 March 2022

The multifunctional role of Trees Outside Forests (TOF) is largely recognized in scientific literature, but they are still rarely considered in forest inventories and planning, with consequent underestimation of their role and amount. In addition, th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,569 Views
25 Pages

6 May 2022

Urban streams constitute a valuable form of multi-functional blue and green infrastructure (BGI) and can support urban development to generate ecosystem, social, and economic benefits. In global cities, planning for BGI enhancement contributes to cli...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,334 Views
22 Pages

16 December 2020

Green infrastructure has acquired greater importance in recent years in relation to climate change adaptation. Green infrastructure planning has been identified as a new and innovative means of land planning that can contribute to preventing the impa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,607 Views
21 Pages

With the sustainable and coordinated development of cities, the formulation of urban street policies requires multiangle analysis. In regard to the existing street research, a large number of studies have focused on specific landscapes or accessibili...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,116 Views
26 Pages

16 September 2021

The dry stone wall landscape surrounding the town of Cres is a unique cultural landscape; it is one of the largest well-preserved historical olive groves in the Croatian Adriatic, while simultaneously serving as pasture for sheep. Still, there are cu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,969 Views
16 Pages

Change in Landscape Multifunctionality and Its Trade-off–Synergy Relationship in Mined Land

  • Yiyan Zhang,
  • Dong Zhao,
  • Huping Hou,
  • Yongjun Yang,
  • Shi An,
  • Zanxu Chen and
  • Shaoliang Zhang

1 November 2022

Mining often generates large amounts of inefficiently used land. Clarifying the multifunctional characteristics of mined land and its spatial and temporal evolution is important to environmental protection and promoting the economic and social benefi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,980 Views
27 Pages

23 June 2021

This paper explores the role of landscape planning as a tool for rural fire prevention. It presents a methodology for a fire resilient and sustainable landscape model (FIRELAN) that articulates the ecological and cultural components in a suitable and...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
7,062 Views
25 Pages

30 September 2021

Treetop walkways are unique trail constructions. Their support structure suspends a walkway platform several meters from the ground, shuttling among the canopies of trees in the forest. Many countries have built canopy trails for forest recreation, t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,511 Views
10 Pages

1 March 2021

Most cases of multifunctional peri-urban agriculture offer diverse economic and ecological benefits, while a few involve cultural dimensions. In China, a “cultural turn” in the construction plan of beautiful villages has occurred. Through the analysi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,976 Views
19 Pages

16 October 2024

Studying historical rural landscapes beyond their archaeological and cultural significance, as has typically been addressed in previous research, is important in the context of current environmental challenges. Some historical rural landscapes, such...

  • Article
  • Open Access
53 Citations
6,572 Views
15 Pages

25 April 2020

The Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) program, promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), recognizes the multifunctional role of agricultural heritage systems. Traditional terraced landscapes represent important t...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,377 Views
20 Pages

15 October 2018

Forest management based on sustainability and multifunctionality requires reliable and user-friendly tools to address several objectives simultaneously. In this work we present FlorNExT Pro®, a multiple-criteria landscape-scale forest planning an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,618 Views
15 Pages

Landscape Preference for Trees Outside Forests along an Urban–Rural–Natural Gradient

  • Marco Di Cristofaro,
  • Lorenzo Sallustio,
  • Tommaso Sitzia,
  • Marco Marchetti and
  • Bruno Lasserre

3 July 2020

In densely populated areas, essential sources of ecosystem services are represented by green infrastructure, which includes trees outside forests (TOF) that, regardless of their cover extension, are found on agricultural or urban land. This research...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
6,565 Views
21 Pages

Green Infrastructure and Ecological Corridors: A Regional Study Concerning Sardinia

  • Ignazio Cannas,
  • Sabrina Lai,
  • Federica Leone and
  • Corrado Zoppi

20 April 2018

We propose a methodological approach to identify a multifunctional green infrastructure (GI) on the basis of four values (conservation value, natural value, recreation value and anthropic heritage) that represent many functions (biodiversity conserva...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
6,759 Views
26 Pages

Combining Tree Species Composition and Understory Coverage Indicators with Optimization Techniques to Address Concerns with Landscape-Level Biodiversity

  • Brigite Botequim,
  • Miguel N. Bugalho,
  • Ana Raquel Rodrigues,
  • Susete Marques,
  • Marco Marto and
  • José G. Borges

28 January 2021

Sustainable forest management needs to address biodiversity conservation concerns. For that purpose, forest managers need models and indicators that may help evaluate the impact of management options on biodiversity under the uncertainty of climate c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,457 Views
15 Pages

Green May Be Nice, but Infrastructure Is Necessary

  • Elke Mertens,
  • Richard Stiles and
  • Nilgül Karadeniz

6 January 2022

Green infrastructure is presented as a novel and innovative approach in the current environmental planning discourse, but how new is it really? An historical overview of planning ideas in both the urban and the rural contexts indicates that the conce...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,340 Views
25 Pages

30 April 2019

Forest management in Ireland has traditionally focused on timber production and policies have been implemented with this in mind. Since the mid-1990s, the focus is transitioning from timber production to a more multifunctional forest management appro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
49 Citations
9,165 Views
23 Pages

5 December 2018

Mining can have a notable environmental and social footprint both during the production phase and after the mine closure. We examined local stakeholders’ viewpoints on two post-mining areas in northern Finland, Hannukainen and Rautuvaara, using...

  • Review
  • Open Access
524 Citations
62,504 Views
24 Pages

4 August 2010

Urban agriculture offers an alternative land use for integrating multiple functions in densely populated areas. While urban agriculture has historically been an important element of cities in many developing countries, recent concerns about economic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
6,721 Views
22 Pages

Social Valuation of Mediterranean Cultural Landscapes: Exploring Landscape Preferences and Ecosystem Services Perceptions through a Visual Approach

  • Íñigo Bidegain,
  • César A. López-Santiago,
  • José A. González,
  • Rodrigo Martínez-Sastre,
  • Federica Ravera and
  • Claudia Cerda

14 October 2020

Mediterranean cultural landscapes have been recognized as multifunctional landscapes that are currently threatened by two opposing trends: rural abandonment and agricultural intensification. Uncovering people’s perceptions of different landscap...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,400 Views
20 Pages

Spatiotemporal Variations and Determinants of Supply–Demand Balance of Ecosystem Service in Saihanba Region, China

  • Chong Liu,
  • Liren Xu,
  • Donglin Li,
  • Yinran Huang,
  • Jiemin Kang,
  • Bo Peng,
  • Xuanrui Huang and
  • Zhidong Zhang

26 May 2023

Maintaining a supply–demand balance of ecosystem services (ES) is essential for enhancing the effectiveness of ecosystem restoration. However, inappropriate land use and reforestation practices can negatively impact this balance. In this study,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
14,341 Views
13 Pages

14 April 2017

In the quest for more sustainable urban landscape development, the concept of “green infrastructure” (GI) has become central in policy documents and as a multifunctional general planning tool. GI is not, however, a simple and unambiguous solution. Wh...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,037 Views
26 Pages

6 June 2025

The East–West Mountain Region (EWMR) of Wuhan is a vital natural and cultdural asset, characterized by its scenic nature landscapes and rich historical and cultural heritage. This study aims to address the problems of landscape character degrad...

  • Perspective
  • Open Access
42 Citations
5,921 Views
17 Pages

A major goal of green infrastructure (GI) is to provide functional networks of habitats and ecosystems to maintain biodiversity long-term, while at the same time optimizing landscape and ecosystem functions and services to meet human needs. Tradition...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,237 Views
25 Pages

Assessing Preferences for Cultural Ecosystem Services in the English Countryside Using Q Methodology

  • Marie Hubatova,
  • James McGinlay,
  • David J. Parsons,
  • Joe Morris and
  • Anil R. Graves

26 January 2023

Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) are difficult to assess due to the subjective and diverse way in which they are experienced. This can make it difficult to apply CES research to enhance human experience of nature. This study applies Q methodology to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,856 Views
29 Pages

13 November 2023

Assessing the landscape health of suburban forest parks is a prerequisite for achieving the dual objectives of forest resource conservation and recreational services. However, studies that analyze landscape health in suburban forest parks at a landsc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
7,392 Views
16 Pages

28 January 2017

Green Infrastructure (GI) can be used as a framework for planning human settlements and guiding development away from natural areas that possess high ecological value and provide important Ecosystem Services for society’s development. In this paper,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,603 Views
21 Pages

21 November 2024

Extensive literature on peri-urban issues has paid only occasional attention to the details of spatial planning systems and their impacts on peri-urban natural resources. This paper investigates the relationships between a deregulated land use planni...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,997 Views
20 Pages

25 May 2020

Globally, the agricultural sector is facing many challenges in response to climate change, unsustainable farming practices and human population growth. Despite advances in technology and innovation in agriculture, governments around the world are rec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
8,957 Views
20 Pages

10 April 2022

In highly urbanized floodplains, it is becoming widely accepted that a change is needed to move away from flood control towards flood adaptation paradigms. To address riverine and flash flooding in urban areas, urban and landscape designers have deve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,271 Views
20 Pages

23 December 2022

Canberra, a city known as a “garden city” that emerged in the early twentieth century, is developing at a speedy rate. The compact city vision for Canberra was announced in ACT Planning Strategy 2018 while the city encounters climate chan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
5,260 Views
18 Pages

GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Assessment and Seasonal Impact on Plantation Forest Landscape Visual Sensitivity

  • Huijuan Yang,
  • Yongning Li,
  • Zhidong Zhang,
  • Zhongqi Xu and
  • Xuanrui Huang

30 March 2019

Visual sensitivity assessments identify the location of the high-sensitivity areas in terms of visual change. Studying the visual sensitivity of plantation forest landscapes and their seasonal changes can help resolve increasingly frequent conflicts...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
830 Views
22 Pages

5 September 2025

Lawns have evolved from medieval European grasslands into globally accepted urban green surfaces, serving recreational, aesthetic and cultural purposes. Today lawn surfaces are essential components of public urban green space (PUGS), fulfilling ecosy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,334 Views
16 Pages

17 April 2024

Farmland loss in drastically urbanizing landscapes has long been a research concern for resource management, landscape planning, and spatial governance, especially in the context of China. In recent years, the issue of urbanization-associated farmlan...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
937 Views
30 Pages

30 June 2025

Urban forests have a definition that has developed over time. Initially defined as urban greenery or as a measure of human impacts from urbanisation on forest systems, urban forests have varying definitions and are more often referred to for urban gr...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,058 Views
18 Pages

A Geospatial Modelling Approach to Assess the Capability of High-Country Stations in Delivering Ecosystem Services

  • Fabiellen C. Pereira,
  • Stuart Charters,
  • Carol M. S. Smith,
  • Thomas M. R. Maxwell and
  • Pablo Gregorini

17 June 2023

The creation of more sustainable land use strategies is paramount to designing multifunctional agricultural landscapes that allow grasslands to continually deliver multiple ecosystem services. A mapping modelling approach would provide us with a tool...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,244 Views
20 Pages

11 July 2022

The human ecosystems embrace complex human-dominated systems, which often result in disparaging multifaceted social and ecological outcomes in various localities of the world. Green infrastructure (GI) with a well-planned and managed spatial organiza...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,494 Views
22 Pages

28 August 2024

The Yangtze River Delta is one of China’s most economically developed regions and includes parts of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai. The economic development of the Yangtze River Delta region is in a stage of rapid growth. As a unique intersect...

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