The Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) has drastically impacted how the world operates. The Internet of Things (IoT), encompassed significantly by the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), is an important subsection component of the IR 4.0. WSNs are a goo...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), users can use broadcast authentication mechanisms to connect to the target network and disseminate their messages within the network. Since data transfer for sensor networks is wireless, as a result, attackers can...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a major role in various applications, but the main challenge is to maintain security and balanced energy efficiency. Classical routing protocols struggle to achieve both energy efficiency and security because they...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of numerous battery-powered sensor nodes that operate with limited energy, computation, and communication capabilities. Designing routing strategies that are both energy-efficient and attack-resilient is essent...
Recent years have witnessed the huge popularity of Information-Centric Networking (ICN) and its realization as Named Data Networking (NDN) in the context of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The participating nodes in WSNs are usually equipped with a...
Wireless Sensor Networks—WSNs, an important part of IoT—consist of sensor nodes with limited processing, memory capacities, and energy. Wireless Sensor Networks face many dangers as they are often distributed into untrusted regions. The a...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an advanced solution for data collection in Internet of Things (IoT) applications and remote and harsh environments. These networks rely on a collection of distributed sensors equipped with wireless communication c...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology, for services that are difficult to access or which need to be continuously monitored regardless of location, needs further research and development due to an expansion of fields where it can be applied and du...
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Air pollution has become a severe environmental problem due to urbanization and heavy traffic. Monitoring street-level air quality is an important issue, but most official monitoring stations are installed to monitor large-scale air quality condition...
Internet of Things (IoT) technology has facilitated the deployment of autonomous sensors in remote and challenging environments, enabling substantial advancements in environmental monitoring and data collection. IoT sensors continuously gather data,...
There are a variety of applications for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), such as military, health monitoring systems, natural disasters, smartphones, and other surveillance systems. While the primary purpose of sensor nodes is to collect unattended d...
Nowadays, the investigation of the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has materialized its functional area ubiquitously such as environmental engineering, industrial and business applications, military, feedstock and habitat, agriculture sector, seismic d...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become a significant part of surveillance techniques. With unequal clustering approaches and multi-hop communication, WSNs can balance energy among the clusters and serve a wide monitoring area. Recent research ha...
The restriction on the battery life of sensors is a bottleneck for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper proposes a new feed-forward multi-clustering protocol (FFMCP) to boost the network lifetime. The utilization of fuzzy logic helps to overco...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of many wireless sensor nodes for collecting and sensing information. Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) such as Blockchain allow organizations to store and share data in a decentralized, immutable, and sec...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), built from many battery-operated sensor nodes are distributed in the environment for monitoring and data acquisition. Subsequent to the deployment of sensor nodes, the most challenging and daunting task is to enhance...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming very common in numerous manufacturing industries; especially where it is difficult to connect a sensor to a sink. This is an evolving issue for researchers attempting to contribute to the proliferation of...
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), an efficient clustering technique is critical in optimizing the energy level of networked sensors and prolonging the network lifetime. While the traditional bee colony optimization technique has been widely used as...
Frequently, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are designed focusing on applications and omitting transmission problems in these wireless networks. In this paper, we present a measurement campaign that has been carried out using one of the most commonly...
Owing to limited resources, implementing conventional security components in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) rather than wireless networks is difficult. Because most sensor nodes are typically powered by batteries, the battery power should be suffici...
Fault tolerance has long been a major concern for sensor communications in fault-tolerant cyber physical systems (CPSs). Network failure problems often occur in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to various factors such as the insufficient power of...
Wireless sensor networks (W.S.N.s) are a critical research area with numerous practical applications. W.S.N.s are utilized in real-life scenarios, including environmental monitoring, healthcare, industrial automation, smart homes, and agriculture. As...
In today’s internet-of-things (IoT) environment, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have many advantages, with broad applications in different areas including environmental monitoring, maintaining security, etc. However, high energy depletion may...
Monitoring thousands of objects which are deployed over large-hard-to-reach areas, is an important application of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Such an application requires disseminating a large amount of data within the WSN. This data include...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) include large-scale sensor nodes that are densely distributed over a geographical region that is completely randomized for monitoring, identifying, and analyzing physical events. The crucial challenge in wireless senso...
Security is a mandatory issue in any network, where sensitive data are transferred safely in the required direction. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the networks formed in hostile areas for different applications. Whatever the application, the WS...
The major task of a wireless sensor network (WSN) is data collection. Key predistribution (KP) is to establish pairwise keys for secure communication in a WSN, such that all collected data could be securely sent to a backend database. Most research o...
Low cost, high reliability and easy maintenance are key criteria in the design of routing protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper investigates the existing ant colony optimization (ACO)-based WSN routing algorithms and the minimum h...
One of the main challenges in the implementation and design of context-aware scenarios is the adequate deployment strategy for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), mainly due to the strong dependence of the radiofrequency physical layer with the surround...
Nowadays, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have a significant and long-lasting impact on numerous fields that affect all facets of our lives, including governmental, civil, and military applications. WSNs contain sensor nodes linked together via wirel...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) may be incorporated with thousands of small nodes. This gives them the capability to effectively sense, communicate, and compute parameters. However, the security and life span of a WSN node is a primary concern. This...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become a critical technology in the Internet of Things (IoT) era, enabling the seamless integration of sensing, communication, and computational capabilities. WSNs have emerged as a transformative technology with...
This paper presents a unified performance metric for evaluating the chronological wild geese optimization (CWGO) algorithm in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The metric combines key performance factors—energy consumption, delay, distance, and...
Cognitive radio (CR) has emerged as one of the most investigated techniques in wireless networks. Research is ongoing in terms of this technology and its potential use. This technology relies on making full use of the unused spectrum to solve the pro...
Information technology (IT) is pushing ahead with drastic reforms of modern life for improvement of human welfare. Objects constitute “Information Networks” through smart, self-regulated information gathering that also recognizes and controls current...
The lifetime of a node in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is directly responsible for the longevity of the wireless network. The routing of packets is the most energy-consuming activity for a sensor node. Thus, finding an energy-efficient routing stra...
Routing protocols based on topology control are significantly important for improving network longevity in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Traditionally, some WSN routing protocols distribute uneven network traffic load to sensor nodes, which is not...
Advancements in communication technologies and the proliferation of smart devices have significantly increased the demand for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). These networks play an important role in the IoT environment. The wireless sensor network h...
The integration of Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) into Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs) is an important research problem to solve in order to increase the performances, safety, reliability and usability of wireless automation systems. Due to the compl...
IP based Wireless Sensor Networks (IP-WSNs) are gaining importance for their broad range of applications in health-care, home automation, environmental monitoring, industrial control, vehicle telematics and agricultural monitoring. In all these appli...
We examine a general wireless sensor network (WSN) model which incorporates a large number of sensors distributed over a large and complex geographical area. The study proposes solutions for a flexible deployment, low cost and high reliability in a w...
Extending the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and minimizing energy costs are the two most significant concerns for data transmission. Sensor nodes are powered by their own battery capacity, allowing them to perform critical tasks and int...
Wireless Body Sensors for medical purposes offer valuable contributions to improve patients’ healthcare, including diagnosis and/or therapeutics monitoring. Body temperature is a crucial parameter in healthcare diagnosis. In gynecology and obstetrics...
Nowadays due to smart environment creation there is a rapid growth in wireless sensor network (WSN) technology real time applications. The most critical resource in in WSN is battery power. One of the familiar methods which mainly concentrate in incr...
The propagation model is an essential component in the design and deployment of a wireless sensor network (WSN). Although much attention has been given to near-ground propagation models, few studies place the transceiver directly on the ground with t...
Nowadays wireless sensor netwoks (WSN) technology, wireless communications and digital electronics have made it realistic to produce a large scale miniaturized devices integrating sensing, processing and communication capabilities. The focus of this...
Smart systems are today increasingly developed with the number of wireless sensor devices drastically increasing. They are implemented within several contexts throughout our environment. Thus, sensed data transported in ubiquitous systems are importa...
This paper presents a survey on the current state-of-the-art in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Operating Systems (OSs). In recent years, WSNs have received tremendous attention in the research community, with applications in battlefields, industrial p...
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are useful in medicine for monitoring the vital signs of elderly patients. These sensors allow for remote monitoring of a patient’s state of health, making it easier for elderly patients, and allowing to avoid or...
In recent years, wireless charging technology has provided an alternative to charging equipment. Wireless charging technology has already proved to be useful in our daily lives in phones, buses, restaurants, etc. Wireless charging technology can also...
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