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In April 2023, the superBIT telescope was lifted to the Earth’s stratosphere by a helium-filled super-pressure balloon to acquire astronomical imaging from above (99.5% of) the Earth’s atmosphere. It was launched from New Zealand and then...

The aerospike nozzle has emerged as a revolutionary technology in rocket propulsion, overcoming the limitations of conventional nozzles by dynamically adjusting the expansion of exhaust gases according to ambient pressure. This results in greater eff...

We introduce algorithmic advancements designed to expedite simulations in OpenFOAM using GPUs. These developments include the following. (a) The amgx4Foam library, which connects the open-source AmgX library from NVIDIA to OpenFOAM. Matrix generation...

The proliferation of CubeSats in Earth orbit has accelerated dramatically in recent years, with projections indicating continued growth in the coming decades. This review examines the evolution of CubeSat applications, from basic technology demonstra...

This paper explores the wide-ranging topography of micro-propulsion systems that have been flown in different small satellite missions. CubeSats, known for their compact size and affordability, have gained popularity in the realm of space exploration...

This paper extensively reviews hybrid rocket propulsion-related activities from combustion engine designs to launch tests. Starting with a brief review of rocket propulsion development history, a comparison among the three bi-propellant rocket propul...

Hybrid rockets using specific oxidizer–fuel combinations are considered a green alternative to current propulsion systems, as they do not release very toxic or polluting exhausts, but only much less harmful substances such as carbon monoxide/di...

Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) is a policy that uses information about the health condition of systems and structures to identify optimal maintenance interventions over time, increasing the efficiency of maintenance operations. Despite CBM being a...

This paper presents the development of a robust sizing method to efficiently estimate and compare key performance parameters in the conceptual design stage for the two main classes of fully electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, the...

The aviation industry is challenged to reduce its climate impact. The introduction of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) is, among other policy instruments such as the European Emissions Trading Scheme, an option favored by policymakers in Europe to ac...

The growing population of space debris poses a critical risk to space operations, requiring urgent removal strategies. Numerous scientific investigations have focused on debris capture mechanisms in Earth’s orbits, including contact and contact...

This study focuses on the flapping mechanisms found in recently developed biometric flapping-wing air vehicles (FWAVs). FWAVs mimic the flight characteristics of flying animals, providing advantages such as maneuverability, inconspicuousness, and exc...

A MCOHP (micro-channel oscillating heat pipe) can provide lightweight and efficient temperature control capabilities for aerospace spacecraft with a high power and small size. The research about the heat flow effects on the thermal performance of MCO...

The Airbus A380 was initially expected to replace existing aircraft due to its remarkable fuel efficiency on long-haul routes when operating with a full passenger load. However, recent changes in the commercial aviation environment have resulted in a...

Advanced digital data-driven applications have evolved and significantly impacted the transportation sector in recent years. This systematic review examines natural language processing (NLP) approaches applied to aviation safety-related domains. The...

This research investigates the potential application of generative language models, especially ChatGPT, in aviation safety analysis as a means to enhance the efficiency of safety analyses and accelerate the time it takes to process incident reports....

Over the past few years, the rapid growth of air traffic and the associated increase in emissions have created a need for sustainable aviation. Motivated by these challenges, this paper explores how a 50-passenger regional aircraft can be hybridized...

Lightweight fiber-reinforced composite structures have been applied in aerospace for decades. Their mechanical properties are crucial for the safety of aircraft and mainly depend on manufacturing technologies such as autoclave, resin transfer molding...

Currently, the increasing number of daily flights emphasizes the importance of air transportation. Furthermore, Air Traffic Management (ATM) enables air carriers to operate safely and efficiently through the multiple services provided. Advanced analy...

Aircraft maintenance is defined by the ICAO as the tasks that need to be carried out on an aircraft to ensure its continuing airworthiness. Accidents that result from aircraft maintenance activities are a direct measurable outcome that can be used to...

In the near future, urban air mobility (UAM) will let an old dream of human society come true: affordable and fast air transportation for almost everyone. Among the various existing designs, the multicopter configuration best combines the advantages...

Rotating detonation engines (RDEs), which are Humphrey cycle-based constant-volume combustion engines, utilize detonation waves to attain higher efficiencies compared with conventional constant-pressure combustion engines through pressure gain. Such...

Hybrid rocket propulsion, first demonstrated by the Russian GIRD-09 rocket in 1933, combines liquid oxidizer and solid fuel for thrust generation. Despite numerous advantages, such as enhanced safety, controllability, and potential environmental bene...

The reduction of sonic boom levels is the main challenge but also the key factor to start a new era of supersonic commercial flights. Since 1970, a FAA regulation has banned supersonic flights overland for unacceptable sonic booms at the ground, and...

This study presents an optimal design approach of a pintle injector for a deep throttlable liquid-propellant rocket engine (LPRE). Even though the pintle injector is used in rocket engines, it has become more important since reusable launch vehicles...

Wingtip vortices generated from aircraft wingtips, as a result of the pressure differential at the wingtip, constitute a major component of the total drag force, especially during take-off and landing. In addition to the drag issue, these vortices al...

Landing impact load design is essential, but the process has rarely been fully described, and some designers have even neglected the differences between wheel-axle and ground-contact loads, as well as loads in the longitudinal direction, especially i...

The conceptual design of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) presents significant multidisciplinary challenges requiring the optimization of aerodynamic and structural performance, stealth, and propulsion efficiency. This work addresses these challenges...

Airflow-induced noise prediction and reduction is one of the priorities for both the energy and aviation industries. This review paper provides valuable insights into flow-induced noise computation, prediction, and optimization methods with state-of-...

The interstellar object 3I/ATLAS is expected to arrive at a distance of $53.56(\pm 0.45)$ million $\mathrm{km}$ ($0.358\pm 0.003$ au) from Jupiter on 16 March 2026. We show that applying a total thrust $\Delta$V of $2.6755\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ to the lower perijove on...

Space structures are perhaps the most complicated man-made structures due to their extremely harsh and complex operational environments. For these structures, materials serve as crucial technology drivers. Composite materials are increasingly used in...

The increasing use of on-board sensor monitoring and data-driven algorithms has stimulated the recent shift to data-driven predictive maintenance for aircraft. This paper discusses emerging challenges for data-driven predictive aircraft maintenance....

Hybrid rocket engine (HRE) performance is dependent on fuel/oxidizer selection and fuel grain geometry. A literature review was performed to identify key trends and findings related to the application of the additive manufacturing (AM) of fuel system...

This review explores the integration of machine learning (ML) and reinforcement learning (RL) techniques in enhancing the navigation and obstacle avoidance capabilities of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Various RL algorithms are assessed for their...

The issue of thermal control for space missions has been critical since the early space missions in the late 1950s. The demands in such environments are heightened, characterized by significant temperature variations and the need to manage substantia...

Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) delay can quantitatively reflect the congestion caused by the imbalance between capacity and demand in an airspace network. Furthermore, it is an important parameter for the ex-post analysis of airspace congestion a...

High-speed air intakes often exhibit intricate flow patterns, with a specific type of flow instability known as ‘buzz’, characterized by unsteady shock oscillations at the inlet. This paper presents a comprehensive review of prior researc...

This paper examines the growing adoption of laser communication (lasercom) in space missions and payloads for identifying emerging trends and key technology drivers of future optical communications satellite systems. It also presents a comprehensive...

Heavily resource-reliant transportation and harsh living conditions, where humans cannot survive without a proper habitat, have prevented humans from establishing colonies on the Moon and Mars. Due to the absence of an atmosphere, potential habitats...

The task assignment issue and the path planning problem of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Multi-UAV) are collectively referred to as the Mission Planning Problem (MPP). This review article provides an update on the progress of the MPP on Multi-UA...

Voice communication between air traffic controllers (ATCos) and pilots is critical for ensuring safe and efficient air traffic control (ATC). The handling of these voice communications requires high levels of awareness from ATCos and can be tedious a...

Recently, in the space market, there has been a rapid reduction in the launch price. The major reason for this is that a few commercial companies began to enter the space market about ten years ago, which has changed the space market from monopolizat...

This research addresses the increasing electrification of aircraft systems, driven by the need to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO₂ emissions in global aviation. The transition to more-electric aircraft (MEA) is advocated as a promising strate...

This article discusses the mission performance of regional aircraft with hybrid-electric propulsion. The performance analyses are provided by mission simulations tools specifically developed for hybrid-electric aircraft flight dynamics. The hybrid-el...

Unmanned air vehicle (UAV) systems for performing forestry applications have expanded in recent decades and have great economic benefits. They are validated to be more appealing than traditional platforms in various aspects, such as repeat rate, spat...

The propellantless thrust of solar sails makes them capable of entirely new classes of missions compared to conventional or electric engines. Initiated in 2010, the Planetary Society’s LightSail program sought to advance solar sail technology w...

The obstacle avoidance system of a drone affects the quality of its flight path. The artificial potential field method can react quickly when facing obstacles; however, the traditional artificial potential field method lacks consideration of the posi...

An essential part of the design of a liquid rocket engine is the thermal analysis of the thrust chamber, which is a component whose operative life is limited by the maximum allowable wall temperature and heat flux. A simplified steady-state thermal a...

The design of the space hatch door mechanisms is crucial in the aerospace field, impacting not only durability and reliability but also the life safety of astronauts during space missions. This review extensively researches vehicle doors and hatches...

The cost to train a basic qualified U.S. Navy fighter aircraft pilot is nearly USD 10 M. The training includes primary, intermediate, and advanced stages, with the advanced stage involving extensive flight training, and, thus, is very expensive as a...