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Geosciences, Volume 15, Issue 8

August 2025 - 52 articles

Cover Story: The image displays an aerial view of tension fractures in a Holocene pahoehoe lava flow at the southern end of Almannagjá, the western boundary fault of the main graben of the Thingvellir fissure swarm in Southwest Iceland. The (mostly) parallel fractures are oblique to the main direction of Almannagjá, giving rise to the observed en échelon fracture arrangement. The maximum opening of the fracture to the right of the white car is 12 m. Rock fractures control many of the most important dynamic processes in the Earth’s crust. Most rock fractures (and associated earthquakes) are comparatively small, while only a few are very large, resulting in poorly understood power or exponential size distributions. Using principles from statistical physics, fracture mechanics, and rock heterogeneity, an explanation is provided for these size distributions. View this paper
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Articles (52)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,111 Views
21 Pages

Integrated Geophysical Techniques to Investigate Water Resources in Self-Sustained Carbon-Farming Agroforestry

  • John D. Alexopoulos,
  • Vasileios Gkosios,
  • Ioannis-Konstantinos Giannopoulos,
  • Spyridon Dilalos,
  • Antonios Eleftheriou and
  • Simos Malamis

The present paper deals with the combined application of near-surface geophysical techniques in a sustainable agriculture project. Their application is focused on the identification of any subsurface water in the context of sustainable water manageme...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,690 Views
24 Pages

Reliable monitoring of snow cover in mountainous regions remains a challenge due to frequent cloud cover and the revisit limitations of optical satellites. This study compares satellite snow-cover records with >99,000 ground-based time-lapse camer...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,381 Views
23 Pages

The recording of minerals extracted from a deposit is crucial for effective planning, exploitation management, and compliance with legal requirements. It also enables improved workplace safety and the minimization of negative environmental impact. Au...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,002 Views
49 Pages

State-of-the-Art Review and Prospect of Modelling the Dynamic Fracture of Rocks Under Impact Loads and Application in Blasting

  • Muhammad Kamran,
  • Hongyuan Liu,
  • Daisuke Fukuda,
  • Peng Jia,
  • Gyeongjo Min and
  • Andrew Chan

The dynamic fracture of rocks under impact loads has many engineering applications such as rock blasting. This study reviews the recent achievements of investigating rock dynamic fracturing and its application in rock blasting using computational mec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,068 Views
38 Pages

A Sediment Provenance Study of Middle Jurassic to Cretaceous Strata in the Eastern Sverdrup Basin: Implications for the Exhumation of the Northeastern Canadian-Greenlandic Shield

  • Michael A. Pointon,
  • Helen Smyth,
  • Jenny E. Omma,
  • Andrew C. Morton,
  • Simon Schneider,
  • Stephen J. Rippington,
  • Berta Lopez-Mir,
  • Quentin G. Crowley,
  • Dirk Frei and
  • Michael J. Flowerdew

The Sverdrup Basin, Arctic Canada, is ideally situated to contain an archive of tectono-magmatic and climatic events that occurred within the wider Arctic region, including the exhumation of the adjacent (northeastern) part of the Canadian-Greenlandi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2,205 Views
51 Pages

Impact of Aerosols on Cloud Microphysical Processes: A Theoretical Review

  • Kécia Maria Roberto da Silva,
  • Dirceu Luís Herdies,
  • Paulo Yoshio Kubota,
  • Caroline Bresciani and
  • Silvio Nilo Figueroa

The direct relationship between aerosols and clouds strongly influences the effects of clouds on the global climate. Aerosol particles act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN), affecting cloud formation, microphysics, and precipitat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,402 Views
40 Pages

Assessing the Geothermal Potential of a Fractured Carbonate Reservoir (Southern Apennines, Italy): Relationships Between Structural Control and Heat Flow

  • Chrysanthi Pontikou,
  • Ioannis Vakalas,
  • Sotirios Kokkalas,
  • Raffaele Di Cuia,
  • Angelo Ricciato and
  • Giovanni Toscani

As part of the energy transition needed to mitigate global warming, the study and sustainable exploitation of geothermal resources—a largely underutilized form of energy and heat production—is crucial. The availability of subsurface data...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,023 Views
25 Pages

Pliocene Marine Bivalvia from Vale Farpado (Pombal, Portugal): Palaeoenvironmental and Palaecological Significance

  • Ricardo J. Pimentel,
  • Pedro M. Callapez,
  • Mahima Pai,
  • Paulo Legoinha and
  • Pedro A. Dinis

The western Iberian marine Pliocene represents a key transitional zone between tropical and boreal molluscan faunas. Recent studies at the rediscovered fossil locality of Vale Farpado have yielded 34 bivalve species, distributed among 18 families. Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
819 Views
21 Pages

Short-Term Geomorphological Changes of the Sabato River (Southern Italy)

  • Francesca Martucci,
  • Floriana Angelone,
  • Edoardo G. D’Onofrio,
  • Filippo Russo and
  • Paolo Magliulo

Short-term channel adjustments are a research topic of great relevance in the framework of fluvial geomorphology, but studies on this topic have been quite scarce in Southern Italy, at least since the 2010s, notwithstanding the fact that this area is...

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Geosciences - ISSN 2076-3263