2025 June-2 - 126 articles
Background/Objectives: A new LED endoscopy system featuring advanced noise-reduction technology, the EP-8000 with the EC-860ZP colonoscope (Fujifilm), was introduced in 2024. We evaluated the improvements in colonoscopic image quality of this system,...
The electrocardiogram (ECG) remains a cornerstone of modern cardiology, providing rapid, non-invasive, and widely accessible diagnostic insights. While ECG interpretation is an essential skill for clinicians, certain patterns can be subtle or atypica...
Background/Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the oral cavity and is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Identifying reliable biomarker...
Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in digital mammography (DM) screening holds promise for early breast cancer detection, potentially enhancing accuracy and efficiency. However, AI performance is not identical to that of huma...
Background: Respiratory infections (RIs) are a common cause of care by Prehospital Emergency Medical Services (PEMS). Early Warning Scores (EWS) are tools used by PEMS to assess patients with acute pathology. However, there is little evidence of thei...
Introduction: Fertility is fundamental to human well-being, significantly impacting both individual lives and societal development. In particular, sperm morphology—referring to the shape, size, and structural integrity of sperm cells—is a...
Background/Objectives: Trauma scoring systems are essential tools for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with multiple injuries. This study aimed to compare the performance of various anatomical and physiological scoring systems in predicting m...
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, largely due to late-stage diagnoses. While low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has improved early detection and reduced mortality in high-risk populations, traditional screen...
Background/Objectives: Diagnostic reasoning is essential in clinical practice and medical education, yet it often becomes an automated process, making its cognitive mechanisms less visible. Despite the widespread use of electronic medical records, fe...
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the common joint diseases. Hematologic markers have been investigated to determine its severity and predict the prognosis of joint diseases. In this study, we investigated whether the systemic immune-inflamma...
Background/Objectives: The global increase in the incidence of malignant melanoma, without significant changes in the mortality rate, may be influenced by the changes in the diagnostic approach and criteria, and the impact of innovative therapies on...
Background/Objectives: Neuroimaging techniques have been increasingly utilized to explore neuroplasticity induced by various training regimens. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables to study these changes non-invasively. While visual and motor tra...
Background: There are conflicting epidemiological studies regarding the association between selenium (Se) and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, the pathophysiological links between Se and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASL...
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer and is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages with metastasis, contributing to its poor prognosis. Identifying key metastasis-related biomarkers is criti...
The field of medical imaging is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by the rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical workflows and research methodologies [...]
Amelanotic melanocytic nevi of the oral cavity are uncommon lesions that often present a diagnostic challenge for clinicians, primarily due to their nonspecific clinical appearance and the broad spectrum of possible differential diagnoses. These lesi...
Background/Objectives: Anterior tooth inclination plays a critical role in treatment planning for surgical orthodontic cases. However, post-treatment outcomes in patients with jaw deformities often deviate from cephalometric values. This study aimed...
Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides rich tumor information through different imaging modalities (T1, T1ce, T2, and FLAIR). Each modality offers distinct contrast and tissue characteristics, which help in the more comprehensive ident...
Background/Objectives: Tl-201 myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (MPS) is a minimally invasive test for patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). While its predictive and prognostic values are well establishe...
Background/Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a condition with high morbidity, mortality, and misdiagnosis. The gold standard pulmonary function testing with spirometry has limited availability. This study seeks to test...
Background: The diagnostic accuracy of the exercise treadmill test (ETT) remains suboptimal in premenopausal women. Menstrual cycle phases display hormonal variations and biological effects in premenopausal women. The early and late follicular phases...
Background and Clinical Significance: Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) of the jaw is a rare autoinflammatory bone disorder that primarily affects children and adolescents. Diagnosing CNO of the mandible can be challenging due to its rarity, a...
(1) Background: This publication focuses on processes that disrupt the proper development of the hip. Four pathomechanisms underlying human developmental defects are described in the literature, i.e., dysplasia, malformation, disruption, and deformit...
Superficial venous aneurysms of the upper extremities are a rare clinical entity, often underdiagnosed and misinterpreted as other soft tissue masses. We present the case of a 28-year-old male patient with a subcutaneous mass on the dorsum of the lef...
Background/Objectives: Higher percent body fat (BF) is associated with worse outcomes after treatment for breast cancer (BC). While ultrasound (US) imaging is a reliable method for analyzing body composition, it requires trained individuals for utili...
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of two novel systemic inflammatory indices—the Aggregate Systemic Inflammation Index (AISI) and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI)—in predicting preterm delivery...
Background/Objectives: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. This study explored the use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) in the prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis of CC. Methods: An electronic...
Background/Objectives: The aetiology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), a chronic and severe debilitating disease with a complex phenotype, remains elusive. Associations with infectious diseases and autoimmune and neurops...
Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with a growing prevalence worldwide, requiring precise diagnostic and monitoring methods to guide their appropriate treatment. In this context, MRE (Magnetic Resonance Ent...
Background/Objectives: Iterative reconstruction (IR) techniques were developed to address the shortcomings of filtered back projection (FBP), yet research comparing different types of IR is still missing. This work investigates how reducing radiation...
Following the application of epigenetic and epigenomics research into tumor diseases, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hereditary diseases, and rare diseases, in vitro diagnostics (IVD) epigenetic and epigenomics are increasingly employed for those...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to develop a reliable scoring system combining clinical and radiological parameters to distinguish atypical lipomatous tumours (ALTs) from lipomas, improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing expensive molecular...
Objective: To clarify the relationship between constipation and depressive symptoms among the elderly. Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study was performed using baseline data obtained at the time of enrollment in the prospective cohort o...
Background/Objectives: The long-term impact of COVID-19 on female reproductive health remains poorly understood. This study aimed to assess structural and endocrine alterations in women of reproductive age who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection...
Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the submental and masticatory muscles in patients of different age groups using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) methods, and investigate potential associations between muscle mo...
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess (KLAS) is a potentially life-threatening condition with variable outcomes. Identifying risk factors for mortality is crucial for improving patient management. We aimed to analyze factors associated with...
Background/Objectives: Children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) face significant risks of impaired growth and metabolic disturbances despite standard glucocorticoid therapy. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate growth outcomes, nutr...
A 62-year-old female presented to the Emergency Department of the General Hospital of Katerini, Greece, complaining of abdominal pain, fever, and general discomfort. Laboratory tests indicated an elevated white blood cell count and an elevated C-reac...
Background: Pericoronitis is defined as inflammation of the soft tissues around the crown of an erupting tooth or a tooth with incomplete eruption, most commonly during eruption of the third molars. Pediatric dentists frequently encounter pericoronit...
Background/Objectives: The objective of this study was to clinically validate the performance of the Nanox.AI HealthOST software in detecting incidental vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) on outpatient chest and abdomen CT scans using sensitivity...
Artificial intelligence (AI), especially large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, has disrupted different medical disciplines, including dermatology. This review explores the application of ChatGPT in dermatological diagnosis, emphasizing its role...
Background/Objectives: The maternal mortality ratio is one of the global health indicators, and cardiopathies are the leading indirect causes of maternal deaths. Proper management of pregnant women with heart disease is crucial, as the severity of th...
Background: Rapid molecular detection of infectious pathogen with high sensitivity and specificity has become increasingly important in clinical microbiology laboratories. The need to develop domestically produced nucleic acid extraction equipment ha...
Background/Objectives: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) has been suggested to negatively affect academic performance and behavior. Malocclusion is reportedly a risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing and may be associated with daytime sleepiness...
Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is caused by an imbalance between the catabolic and anabolic processes within intervertebral disc tissue. Several studies have suggested a potential association between cerebrospinal fluid metabolit...
Objectives: With technological advancements, fabricated block onlay allografts have been developed, particularly for grafting severely resorbed alveolar crests before implant surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the alveolar crest lengths of the ede...
Background/Objectives: Assessing hippocampal pathology in epilepsy is challenging, and improving diagnostic accuracy can benefit from deep learning image reconstruction, standardized imaging protocols, and advanced post-processing methods. This study...
Upon reviewing our original publication [...]
Background: Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is one of the foremost factors in female carcinoma-related fatalities worldwide. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key mediators of tissue remodeling and are linked to tumor aggressiveness, yet there is still a l...
Objectives: Hyperuricaemia has been linked to cognitive decline, yet cerebral structural and haemodynamic changes in this population remain poorly defined. We evaluated transcranial colour-coded duplex (TCCD) sonography as a non-invasive screening to...
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