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Diagnostics
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Computed Tomography Imaging in Medical Diagnosis, 2nd Edition
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Computed Tomography Imaging in Medical Diagnosis, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2098

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Fabio Sandomenico

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Radiology Unit, Buon Consiglio Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 80123 Naples, Italy
Interests: melanoma; sarcoma; thyroid cancer; head and neck cancer; lymphoma; immunotherapy; lung cancer; computed tomography imaging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Computed tomography (CT) is a type of diagnostic imaging test used to create detailed images of internal organs, bones, soft tissue, and blood vessels. In this Special Issue, we open a discussion on this topic and welcome original articles, reviews, and reports that explore new technologies, emerging service modalities, and ideas on technology adoption and the overall current and future impact of the pandemic on computed tomography practices.

Dr. Fabio Sandomenico
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • computed tomography
  • medical diagnosis
  • imaging
  • internal organs
  • bones
  • soft tissue
  • blood vessels

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3017 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Spectral Computed Tomography Image Quality and Detection of Lesions in the Liver Based on Image Reconstruction Algorithms and Virtual Tube Voltage
by Areej Hamami, Mohammad Aljamal, Nora Almuqbil, Mohammad Al-Harbi and Zuhal Y. Hamd
Diagnostics 2025, 15(8), 1043; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15081043 - 19 Apr 2025
Viewed by 186
Abstract
Background: Spectral detector computed tomography (SDCT) has demonstrated superior diagnostic performance and image quality in liver disease assessment compared with traditional CT. Selecting the right reconstruction algorithm and tube voltage is essential to avoid increased noise and diagnostic errors. Objectives: This [...] Read more.
Background: Spectral detector computed tomography (SDCT) has demonstrated superior diagnostic performance and image quality in liver disease assessment compared with traditional CT. Selecting the right reconstruction algorithm and tube voltage is essential to avoid increased noise and diagnostic errors. Objectives: This study evaluated improvements in image quality achieved using various virtual tube voltages and reconstruction algorithms for diagnosing common liver diseases with spectral CT. Methods: This retrospective study involved forty-seven patients who underwent spectral CT scans for liver conditions, including fatty liver, hemangiomas, and metastatic lesions. The assessment utilized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), with images reconstructed using various algorithms (IMR, iDose) at different levels and virtual tube voltages. Three experienced radiologists analyzed the reconstructed images to identify the best reconstruction methods and tube voltage combinations for diagnosing these liver pathologies. Results: The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was highest for spectral CT images using the IMR3 algorithm in metastatic, hemangioma, and fatty liver cases. A strong positive correlation was found between IMR3 at 120 keV and 70 keV (p-value = 0.000). In contrast, iDOSE2 at 120 keV and 70 keV showed a low correlation of 0.291 (p-value = 0.045). Evaluators noted that IMR1 at 70 keV provided the best visibility for liver lesions (mean = 3.58), while IMR3 at 120 keV had the lowest image quality (mean = 2.65). Conclusions: Improvements in image quality were noted with SDCT, especially in SNR values for liver tissues at low radiation doses and a specific IMR level. The IMR1 algorithm reduced noise, enhancing the visibility of liver lesions for better diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computed Tomography Imaging in Medical Diagnosis, 2nd Edition)
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21 pages, 6624 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Weighting Factors on Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Image Quality in Non-Contrast Head Examinations: Phantom and Patient Study
by Doris Šegota Ritoša, Doris Dodig, Slavica Kovačić, Nina Bartolović, Ivan Brumini, Petra Valković Zujić, Slaven Jurković and Damir Miletić
Diagnostics 2025, 15(2), 180; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15020180 - 14 Jan 2025
Viewed by 558
Abstract
Background: This study aims to evaluate the impact of various weighting factors (WFs) on the quality of weighted average (WA) dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) non-contrast brain images and to determine the optimal WF value. Because they simulate standard CT images, 0.4-WA reconstructions [...] Read more.
Background: This study aims to evaluate the impact of various weighting factors (WFs) on the quality of weighted average (WA) dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) non-contrast brain images and to determine the optimal WF value. Because they simulate standard CT images, 0.4-WA reconstructions are routinely used. Methods: In the initial phase of the research, quantitative and qualitative analyses of WA DECT images of an anthropomorphic head phantom, utilizing WFs ranging from 0 to 1 in 0.1 increments, were conducted. Based on the phantom study findings, WFs of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 were chosen for patient analyses, which were identically carried out on 85 patients who underwent non-contrast head DECT. Three radiologists performed subjective phantom and patient analyses. Results: Quantitative phantom image analysis revealed the best gray-to-white matter contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) at the highest WFs and minimal noise artifacts at the lowest WF values. However, the WA reconstructions were deemed non-diagnostic by all three readers. Two readers found 0.6-WA patient reconstructions significantly superior to 0.4-WA images (p < 0.001), while reader 1 found them to be equally good (p = 0.871). All readers agreed that 0.8-WA images exhibited the lowest image quality. Conclusions: In conclusion, 0.6-WA reconstructions demonstrated superior image quality over 0.4-WA and are recommended for routine non-contrast brain DECT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computed Tomography Imaging in Medical Diagnosis, 2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 1888 KiB  
Article
Diagnostic Efficacy of Bone SPECT Techniques in Differentiating Unilateral and Bilateral Condylar Hyperplasia
by Luz Kelly Anzola, Natalia Venegas, Maria Clara Jaramillo, Sergio Moreno, Mauricio Hinojosa, Enrique Amador, Martin Orozco and Fernando Mut
Diagnostics 2024, 14(22), 2548; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222548 - 14 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1028
Abstract
Objectives: This analytical cross-sectional study evaluates diagnostic approaches for active condylar hyperplasia using bone SPECT techniques. Methods: it was compared the effectiveness of relative activity assessments between condyles and quantitative analysis using the condyle/clivus ratio. Results: This study’s findings reveal that [...] Read more.
Objectives: This analytical cross-sectional study evaluates diagnostic approaches for active condylar hyperplasia using bone SPECT techniques. Methods: it was compared the effectiveness of relative activity assessments between condyles and quantitative analysis using the condyle/clivus ratio. Results: This study’s findings reveal that the condyle/clivus ratio method significantly outperforms the relative uptake method, achieving a sensitivity of 90.1% (95% CI: 84.1–94) compared to 40.7% (95% CI: 33.5–48.2), and a specificity of 77.1% (95% CI: 67.4–85) versus 72.9% (95% CI: 62.9–81.5). The condyle/clivus ratio also showed a more favorable negative likelihood ratio of 0.13 compared to 0.82 for relative uptake, and a higher area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8360 versus 0.5679. Statistically significant differences were noted (p = 0.0001). The condyle/clivus ratio method effectively identifies affected condyles in unilateral and bilateral condylar hyperplasia cases. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of incorporating comprehensive clinical evaluations and imaging modalities for assessing condylar growth activity, underscoring the need for tailored reference values in different populations to ensure reliable diagnostic interpretations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computed Tomography Imaging in Medical Diagnosis, 2nd Edition)
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