2025 May-2 - 79 articles
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular parasite that extensively infects warm-blooded animals, causing toxoplasmosis and posing a significant threat to global public health. In this study, we investigated the association between T. gondii...
Traumatic injury leads to an extension of the half-life of circulating neutrophils. However, how quickly neutrophil apoptosis is delayed post-injury is currently unknown, as are the underlying mechanisms and factors that promote this extension of lif...
Glioblastoma, IDH wild-type WHO Grade IV, is a devastating diagnosis in pediatric and adult populations with a poor prognosis and median overall survival of less than two years. Despite the advent of the Stupp protocol and advances in neurosurgical t...
Hypersensitivity reactions are dysregulated and potentially devastating immune responses, characterized by a tendency to become chronic. They target either self-proteins or harmless foreign proteins and are driven by both T and B cells. Although nume...
Measles, hepatitis C, and COVID-19 are significant human diseases caused by RNA viruses. While vaccines exist to prevent infections, there are a small number of currently available therapeutic agents that can effectively treat these diseases after in...
Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) using vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) is a well known tissue defect bridging method that applies a vacuum pump to sterile, open-cell foam dressings via suction tubes. Although it has mostly been described for soft...
Microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia (MICPCH) syndrome is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a deficiency in the X-linked gene calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK). A better understanding of the role of...
Autophagy and apoptosis are two essential mechanisms regulating cell fate. Although distinct, their signaling pathways are closely interconnected through various crosstalk mechanisms. Lipid rafts are described to act as both physical and functional p...
Eliciting DNA damage in tumor cells continues to be one of the most successful strategies against cancer. This is the case for classical chemotherapy drugs and radiotherapy. In the modern era of personalized medicine, this strategy tries to identify...
The sebaceous gland (SG) is an integral part of the pilosebaceous unit and is a very active and dynamic organ that contributes significantly to the maintenance of skin homeostasis. In addition to its primary role in sebum production, the SG is involv...
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains almost uniformly fatal, owing in part to therapy-resistant cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and to temozolomide (TMZ) resistance driven by O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Differentiation therapy with...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world, with increasing incidence and mortality rates. Standard conventional treatments for CRC are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Recently, immunotherapy has been introduced as...
Infections often occur in complex niches consisting of multiple bacteria. Despite the increasing awareness, there is a fundamental gap in understanding which interactions govern microbial community composition. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequently is...
Previous studies have demonstrated neuronal and microglial Fyn, a Src family kinase (SFK), and how its interactions with tau contribute to epileptogenesis. Saracatinib, a Fyn/SFK inhibitor, modifies disease progression in rat kainate (KA) epilepsy mo...
Endometriosis is a gynecological disease characterized by the presence of endometrium-like cells located outside the uterus. The most widely accepted theory for endometriosis development, retrograde menstruation, does not account for extra-pelvic les...
Tumor-associated macrophages’ (TAMs) origin, polarization, and dynamic interaction in the tumor microenvironment (TME) influence cancer development. They are essential for homeostasis, monitoring, and immune protection. Cells from bone marrow o...
The number of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) patients is increasing rapidly. More attention has been paid to the relationship between immunity and MASLD. This study explored the roles of serum autoantibodies, immunog...
Myasthenia gravis is an antibody-mediated autoimmune condition characterized by defects in cholinergic transmission at the neuromuscular junction. In AchR antibody-positive patients, complement activation plays a prominent role in the disease process...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a growing global problem, particularly in regions with low sociodemographic indices and growing populations. IBD incidence is increasing among children and adolescents, leading to a growing economic burden. The pre...
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming an integral part of pathological assessment and diagnostic procedures in modern pathology. As most prostate cancers (PCa) arise from glandular epithelial tissue, an AI-based methodology has been developed to r...
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical regulators of immune homeostasis, balancing tolerance and immunity through antigen presentation and T cell modulation. While the influence of hypoxia (<2% O2) on DC function in pathological settings is well-docum...
CASK-related disorders are a form of female-restricted intellectual disabilities associated with cerebellar and pontine hypoplasia. The CASK gene is regulated by X-chromosome inactivation, which results in a mosaic distribution of CASK-expressing and...
(1) Background: The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model has the potential to contribute to the development of personalized medicine based on individual cancer patients. We previously established the CAM model using patient-derived CIC-DUX4 sarcoma c...
The human bone is a dynamic, highly vascularized tissue composed of 60–70% minerals, which include mainly calcium phosphate (CaP) in the form of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals, 30% organic matrix composed of type I collagen fibers, and less than...
Drug delivery to solid tumors is challenged by multiple physiological barriers arising from the tumor microenvironment, including dense extracellular matrix, cellular heterogeneity, hypoxic gradients, and elevated interstitial fluid pressure. These f...
Endocytosis is a specialized transport mechanism in which the cell membrane folds inward to enclose large molecules, fluids, or particles, forming vesicles that are transported within the cell. It plays a crucial role in nutrient uptake, immune respo...
The examination of PANoptosis in colorectal cancer is particularly important, as many tumor cells can evade apoptotic cell death while continuing to proliferate through inflammatory mediators and creating an immunosuppressive environment. The PANopto...
Hypertension and diabetes are two common causes of chronic kidney disease. Hypertension can induce renal vascular injury, glomerular damage, podocyte loss, and tubular injury, leading to tubulointerstitial fibrosis. A number of factors influence the...
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major cause of cardiovascular mortality, with coronary artery disease-related SCD (SCD-CAD) being the most prevalent form. Genetic factors and mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in calcium homeostasis, are critica...
Sleep deprivation is a prevalent issue that disrupts the circadian rhythm of estrogen, particularly estradiol, thereby significantly affecting women’s skin health and appearance. These disruptions can impair skin barrier functionality and decre...
Glypican3 (GPC3), initially cloned from rats 40 years ago, deeply participates in the development and homeostasis of multiple tissues and organs. Dysregulation of GPC3 is associated with cancerous and noncancerous diseases. Loss of the function of GP...
The amplitude of the phasic output of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into the hypothalamus–pituitary portal capillaries is likely controlled by the TRH-degrading ectoenzyme (TRH-DE) expressed on the surface of median eminence (ME) β2-...
Diabetes mellitus has been knowingly associated with increased risk of fractures, so much so that skeletal fragility is considered a complication of diabetes. Determinants of bone fragility in this chronic condition are several, and the diabetes trea...
Developing scaffolds with a three-dimensional porous structure and adequate mechanical properties remains a key challenge in tissue engineering of bone. These scaffolds must be biocompatible and biodegradable to effectively support osteoblastic cell...
Extensive research has been conducted on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) regarding their ability to modify the immune response and reduce tissue damage. Many researchers have found that the regulatory capacity of MSCs primarily comes from their secreto...
The stability of the sarcolemma is severely impaired in a series of genetic neuromuscular diseases defined as muscular dystrophies. These are characterized by the centralization of skeletal muscle syncytial nuclei, the replacement of muscle fibers wi...
Unconventional T (UC T) cells, including invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, γδ T cells, and double-negative (DN) T cells, are key players in immune surveillance and response due to their...
NGF plays important roles in ocular surface homeostasis and different pathological conditions. One effect includes promoting conjunctival epithelial cell differentiation and mucin secretion. This study characterizes the individual roles of TRPV1 and...
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe clinical syndrome characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Bacterial infection is a frequent precipitating factor and complication in ACLF patients, significantly worsening patient outcome...
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation with self-renewal and differentiation capacities believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, progression, and recurrence. These cells exhibit unique metabolic features that contribute to their stemnes...
In this review article I briefly describe lipid self-assembly, interfacial curvature, and lyotropic phase diagrams. I then go on to describe how the phase behaviour can be controlled, and the structure of lyotropic phases can be tuned, by various par...
As a researcher and a physician working together to combat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we are acutely aware of both the urgent need for innovation and the persistent divide between laboratory discoveries and clinical care [...]
The proliferation and maturation of hair follicles in follicular papilla cells are predominantly governed by miRNAs, which significantly influence the cell cycle, apoptosis, and proliferation. miR-370-3p has been associated with several biological pr...
Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that plays a central role in regulating cellular responses to oxidative stress. It governs the expression of a broad range of genes involved in antioxidant defense, de...
Heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycans (PGs) are essential regulators of many biological processes including cell differentiation, signalization, and proliferation. PGs interact mainly via their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains...
Hepatocyte transplantation (HTx) combined with ex vivo gene therapy has garnered significant interest due to its potential for treating many inherited metabolic liver diseases. The biggest obstacle for HTx is achieving sufficient engraftment levels t...
Understanding the risk and protective factors associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is crucial for improving outcomes for patients, individuals at risk, healthcare providers, and healthcare systems. Studying these factors not only enhances o...
The integrated stress response (ISR) is a key regulator of cell survival, promoting apoptosis through the effector protein CHOP in instances of prolonged or severe stress. The ISR’s role in the initiation and progression of epithelial malignanc...
The gut microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms, plays a key role in shaping the host’s immune system and modulating cancer therapies. Emerging evidence highlights its critical influence on the efficacy and toxicity of cell-based immu...
The dissemination of malignant cells to the brain is a late-stage complication of cancer, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Brain metastases (BM) affect 20–30% of cancer patients, primarily originating from lung cancer, breast can...
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