Micromachines, Volume 16, Issue 12

We extend our compact physics model (CPM) for hot-carrier degradation (HCD) to cover the impact of ambient temperature on HCD. Three components of this impact are taken into account. First, variations in temperature perturb carrier transport. Second,...

Carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC) composite material exhibits exceptional properties, including high strength, high stiffness, low density, outstanding high-temperature performance, and corrosion resistance. Consequently, they are widel...

Neuromorphic computing, an emerging computational paradigm, aims to overcome the bottlenecks of the traditional von Neumann architecture. Two-dimensional materials serve as ideal platforms for constructing artificial synaptic devices, yet existing de...

Gallium nitride (GaN) has emerged as one of the most promising wide-bandgap semiconductors for next-generation space photovoltaics. In contrast to conventional III–V compounds such as GaAs and InP, which are highly efficient under terrestrial c...

Gallium-based liquid metals have been extensively studied in the field of biomedical engineering, including applications in tumor and inflammatory disease therapy, as well as targeted drug delivery. Among these, leveraging the photothermal effect of...

Metallic lattice structures have emerged as a crucial carrier for structure–function integration, owing to their exceptional mechanical properties, energy absorption performance, thermal properties and biocompatibility. Due to the layer-by-laye...

Superhydrophobic micropillar surfaces, inspired by the lotus leaf, have been extensively studied over the past two decades for their self-cleaning, anti-friction, anti-icing, and anti-corrosion properties. In this study, we introduce a simple and eff...

Wireless power transfer via RF/microwave rectifiers has emerged as a sustainable solution to the energy requirements of low-power devices. In this study, a novel four-parallel-shunt-diode ultra-wideband rectifier is proposed to enable wireless power...

The rapid development of continuous-variable quantum communication has driven an increasing demand for high-performance quantum signal processing modules. Among these, the balanced homodyne detector (BHD) has emerged as a leading solution for practic...

This paper presents a novel implementation of the Polynomial Point Interpolation Collocation Method (PPCM) for analyzing the coupled electrothermal and thermomechanical behavior of V-shaped microactuators. Within the PPCM framework, the governing equ...

Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters (PVEHs) have demonstrated their potential for sustainable energy generation from diverse ambient vibrations for low-power devices and systems. However, great challenges remain concerning harvesting more energ...

In radiofrequency filters, there is an increasing demand for high-frequency, wide-bandwidth operation. Recently, laterally excited A₁-mode Lamb wave resonators (XBARs) have attracted significant attention; however, freestanding structures are mechani...

Ensuring the stability and accuracy of the output voltage in DC/DC buck converters (DBCs) is critical for reliable operation. This paper investigates an observer-based adaptive command-filtered controller designed for DBC systems subject to lumped di...

It is difficult to achieve ultra-precision machining (UPM) on semiconductor materials like single-crystal silicon because of their hardness and brittleness. To solve this issue, numerous field-assisted machining systems and their combinations have be...

For advanced semiconductor nodes, the demand for high-precision patterning of complex foundry circuits drives the widespread use of Lithography-Etch-Lithography-Etch (LELE)—a key Multiple Patterning Technology (MPT)—in Deep Ultraviolet (D...

This paper proposes a dynamic compensation method for laser ranging based on pulse width for the miniaturization and high-precision requirements of the initiation device in precision-guided aircraft. The study aims to improve the measurement accuracy...

In this paper, we propose a novel method for fabricating high-thermal-stability Ohmic contacts on 4H-SiC using a low-doping-concentration (2.5 × 10¹⁵ cm⁻³) n-type epitaxial layer. The method employs a tungsten/carbon (W/C) multi-nanolayer...

We present a theoretical framework describing how the electrophoretic mobility of a weakly charged oil droplet in an aqueous electrolyte varies with frequency when the system is subjected to an oscillatory electric field. The surface charge of the dr...

This work presents the simulation and design of 3C-SiC power MOSFETs, focusing on critical parameters including avalanche impact ionization, breakdown voltage, bulk and channel mobilities, and the trade-off between on-resistance and breakdown voltage...

A 3.0 V bandgap reference (BGR) for battery management integrated circuit (BMIC) is presented, achieving a low temperature coefficient (TC) and a high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR). Precision is enhanced through two techniques: (1) a base curre...

In this study, we investigate a magnetically levitated electromagnetic vibration energy harvester (EMEH), in which a movable permanent magnet levitates between two fixed magnets with like poles facing the central magnet. We develop a nonlinear EMEH m...

Maintaining favorable biological productivities in photosynthetic biomanufacturing systems, especially when the risk of contamination with competing microbes is high, remains a challenge to achieve while maintaining economic feasibility. This study p...

With the continuous development of semiconductor manufacturing technology and information technology, the sizes of wafer chips are becoming smaller and the variety is increasing, which has put forward high requirements for wafer chip precision manufa...

Photonic integrated circuits play a crucial role in almost every aspect of modern life, such as data storage, telecommunications, medical diagnostics, green energy, autonomous driving, agriculture, and high-performance computing. To fully harness the...

Enhancing the laser-induced damage resistance (LIDR) of fused silica components is crucial for improving the overall performance of large-scale laser systems. However, traditional optical manufacturing techniques, based on contact processing principl...

This paper presents a 3-bit transmissive intelligent surface (TIS) using a novel technique that employs a unit cell comprising loaded semi-loop dipole resonators. The two resonators are anti-symmetrically oriented along the H-plane, functioning as tr...

The increasing speed of network connections is placing increasing demands on the performance of network security and monitoring systems, where Key–Value Stores (KVSs) are becoming critical in network security applications. There is a compelling...

This study presents a channel-free, micro-well–template-assisted magnetic particle trapping method for efficient single-particle isolation without the need for microfluidic channels. Dual-surface silicon micro-well arrays were fabricated using...

Based on the long-stator permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM), motor structures with different pole–slot ratios are designed by changing the distribution of armature windings. A magnetic field analytical model of the motor is devel...

The roll-to-plate (R2P) hot-embossing process is a newly developed molding technique for the high-throughput, high-efficiency fabrication of large-area microstructured optical elements. However, this technology is limited to flat surfaces, because th...

Digital metrology enables precise, real-time measurement and data analysis using digital tools, which enhances accuracy and efficiency in manufacturing and quality control. Among key enabling technologies, Digital Twins allow continuous control, enab...

NMOSFET, whose gate is on the top of the n-p-n junction with gate oxide in between, is called the n-channel transistor. This bipolar junction underneath the gate oxide may provide an n-n-n-conductive channel as the gate is applied with a positive bia...

Liquid crystals (LCs) with fluid-like flow and solid-like molecular orientation find important applications in optical display and sensor technologies. Predicting the mean steady-state polar angle and refractive index is crucial for optimizing LC per...

Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as a promising alternative to lithium-ion systems, due to the abundance and low cost of sodium resources. However, the demand for higher performance is always increasing, and developing new electrode materials and op...

Microfluidics is considered a revolutionary interdisciplinary technology with substantial interest in various biomedical applications. Many non-Newtonian fluids often used in microfluidics systems are notably influenced by the external active fields,...

A Q-enhanced notch filter for interference-rejection LNAs is proposed in this brief. The active capacitance is introduced into the notch filter to improve the quality factor by the negative resistance effect. The designed notch filter achieves excell...

An optical levitation system in a vacuum is an efficient system to investigate the dynamics of isolated micro- and nanoparticles. However, the motion and stability of the trapped particles in this system can be affected by the internal temperature, w...

At present, there are some devices for muscle strength training after knee surgery, such as elastic bands and isokinetic muscle strength training instruments, but most of them are expensive or cannot monitor training progress. Triboelectric nanogener...

The integration of 2D materials with artificially textured substrates offers exceptional opportunities for engineering novel functional devices. A straightforward technological route towards such devices is a mechanical dry or wet transfer of 2D laye...

Self-powered microfluidic systems represent a promising direction toward autonomous and portable lab-on-chip technologies, yet conventional electrowetting platforms remain constrained by bulky high-voltage supplies and intricate control circuitry. In...

The rapid evolution of micro- and nanoscale technologies continues to shape modern scientific development across photonics, semiconductor devices, sensing, displays, and optical systems [...]

Microfluidic oxygenators promise to advance extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) devices with enhanced hemodynamics and low prime volume. We are developing a silicon-based membrane oxygenator that will offer improved gas transfer and fluid flow...

The chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process in semiconductor fabrication faces challenges such as slurry agglomeration, scratches, and contamination, which degrade process reliability and device quality. To mitigate these challenges, this study i...

Following publication, we noted that the sequence of the corresponding authors and their email addresses was incorrectly listed in the original publication, and a correction is required [...]

The primary objective of layered settlement monitoring of deep soil is to obtain settlement data for both the soil and superstructure, enabling appropriate measures to be taken to ensure the structure’s safety and stability. Traditional deep so...

Small object localization is one of the most challenging tasks owing to the poor visual appearance and noisy representation caused by the intrinsic structure of small targets. Recent advances in localizing small objects are mainly dependent on regres...

Rapid and reliable on-site identification of body fluids is essential in forensic and field diagnostic applications. Commercial kits provide only single results and often suffer from cross-reactivity, while conventional microarrays offer multiplex ca...

This study provides a systematic mechanical characterization and manufacturing analysis of stereolithography-printed microneedle arrays across six geometric designs (300–400 μm diameter and three aspect ratios: 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1) and three a...

In this work, the electrical and optical performance of AlGaN-based ultraviolet-C light-emitting diodes (UVC-LEDs) with a tapered Al-content hole injection layer was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. A total of 1000 h of real-time e...

Zero-depth nanopores present a promising solution to the challenges associated with ultrathin membranes used in solid-state resistive pulse sensors for DNA sequencing. Most existing fabrication methods are either complex or lack the nanoscale precisi...