World Electric Vehicle Journal, Volume 16, Issue 9
2025 September - 66 articles
Cover Story: This paper investigates the energy consumption of a fully electric vehicle fleet in urban traffic using a validated SUMO simulation of Darmstadt and detailed powertrain models. A key finding is that secondary consumption, such as HVAC and onboard systems, accounts for up to half of total energy demand in dense traffic, as longer travel times amplify their impact relative to traction consumption. While overall driving consumption varies only slightly between traffic scenarios, secondary loads significantly increase fleet demand during congestion. Compared to an ICE vehicle fleet, battery electric fleets reduce energy use and CO₂ emissions by more than half. The results underline the importance of traffic flow coordination and efficient auxiliary systems for sustainable urban e-mobility. View this paper - Issues are regarded as officially published after their release is announced to the table of contents alert mailing list .
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