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World Electric Vehicle Journal, Volume 16, Issue 9

2025 September - 66 articles

Cover Story: This paper investigates the energy consumption of a fully electric vehicle fleet in urban traffic using a validated SUMO simulation of Darmstadt and detailed powertrain models. A key finding is that secondary consumption, such as HVAC and onboard systems, accounts for up to half of total energy demand in dense traffic, as longer travel times amplify their impact relative to traction consumption. While overall driving consumption varies only slightly between traffic scenarios, secondary loads significantly increase fleet demand during congestion. Compared to an ICE vehicle fleet, battery electric fleets reduce energy use and CO₂ emissions by more than half. The results underline the importance of traffic flow coordination and efficient auxiliary systems for sustainable urban e-mobility. View this paper
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Articles (66)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,104 Views
29 Pages

Game-Aware MPC-DDP for Mixed Traffic: Safe, Efficient, and Comfortable Interactive Driving

  • Zhenhua Wang,
  • Zheng Wu,
  • Shiguang Hu,
  • Fujiang Yuan and
  • Junye Yang

In recent years, achieving safety, efficiency, and comfort among interactive automated driving has been a formidable challenge. Model-based approaches, such as game-theoretic and robust control methods, often result in overly cautious decisions or su...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,785 Views
28 Pages

This study investigates consumer behavior in electric vehicle (EV) adoption, focusing on how factors like convenience, accessibility, technological perception, and cost influence the travel patterns and usage behavior of EV drivers in Thailand. This...

  • Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,900 Views
26 Pages

The rapid development of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) has highlighted the critical importance of optimizing energy management strategies to improve vehicle performance, energy efficiency, durability, and reduce hydrogen consumption and operati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
979 Views
20 Pages

The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is the core of new energy vehicle drive systems, and its temperature status is directly related to the safety of the entire vehicle. However, the temperature of rotor permanent magnets is difficult to mea...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,411 Views
28 Pages

Electric vehicle (EV) drivetrains operate at high rotational speeds, which makes the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) performance of gear transmissions a critical design factor. Without the masking effect of an internal combustion engine, gear w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,111 Views
19 Pages

Addressing the challenges of inefficient prolonged trajectory resolution and unreliable dynamic obstacle avoidance for intelligent vehicles in complex confined environments, this study proposes an innovative hybrid path planning method. Its core nove...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
958 Views
18 Pages

Ripples in the electromagnetic torque of electric vehicle (EV) motors due to poor stator voltage and control cause jerky movements, equipment failure, discomfort for passengers and drivers, and damage to the associated civil works. This paper present...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,870 Views
26 Pages

A Demand Factor Analysis for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure

  • Vyacheslav Voronin,
  • Fedor Nepsha and
  • Pavel Ilyushin

This paper investigates the factors influencing the power consumption of electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure and develops a methodology for determining the design electrical loads of EV charging stations (EVCSs). A comprehensive review of e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
893 Views
17 Pages

To address the issue of poor yaw stability in distributed-drive electric pickup trucks at medium-to-high speeds, particularly under the influence of continuously varying tire forces and road adhesion coefficients, a novel Kalman filter-based method f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,464 Views
25 Pages

Investigation of Flow Channel Configurations in Liquid-Cooled Plates for Electric Vehicle Battery Thermal Management

  • Muhammad Hasan Albana,
  • Ninda Hardina Batubara,
  • Novebriantika Novebriantika,
  • Meschac Timothee Silalahi,
  • Yogantara Yogantara and
  • Harus Laksana Guntur

Mitigating heat generation in electric vehicle (EV) batteries is crucial for safety, operational efficiency, and battery lifespan. Liquid-cooled cold plates are widely used; however, comparative studies of channel geometries are often hindered by inc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
732 Views
19 Pages

Optimal Design of Dual Pantograph Parameters for Electrified Roads

  • Libo Yuan,
  • Wei Zhou,
  • Huifu Jiang,
  • Yongjian Ma and
  • Sijun Huang

Electrified roads represent an emerging transportation solution in the context of global energy transition. These systems enable vehicles equipped with roof-mounted pantographs to draw power from overhead contact lines while in motion, allowing conti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,131 Views
20 Pages

To overcome the limitations of traditional integer-order models, which fail to accurately capture the dynamic behavior of lithium-ion batteries, and to improve the insufficient accuracy of state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) collaborative...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,013 Views
21 Pages

In the post-disaster recovery of power distribution networks (PDNs), electric vehicles (EVs) possess a great potential as mobile energy storage units. When supported by vehicle-to-grid (V2G)-enabled charging stations, EVs can provide effective supple...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,407 Views
23 Pages

The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has grown substantially in recent years, offering a cleaner and highly promising pathway toward the decarbonization of urban environments. However, this trend introduces new challenges in charging infrastructur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,037 Views
27 Pages

This paper aims to fill a critical cap in hybrid-electric propulsion (HEP) research by investigating the feasibility of its application on a ‘large-cabin’ business aircraft by 2040, for which key requirements are a long range of at least...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,421 Views
23 Pages

Modeling, Simulation, and Performance Evaluation of a Commercial Electric Scooter

  • Sajad Solgi,
  • Andreas Stadler,
  • Kazem Pourhossein,
  • Amra Jahic,
  • Maik Plenz and
  • Detlef Schulz

As electric scooters (e-scooters) continue to populate city streets and gain popularity as a key mode of micro-mobility, issues such as their energy consumption and demand from the power grid, as well as optimizing their electrical systems, become in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,104 Views
15 Pages

Performance of Electric Bus Batteries in Rollover Scenarios According to ECE R66 and R100 Standards

  • Alexsandro Sordi,
  • Bruno Gabriel Menino,
  • Gabriel Isoton Pistorello,
  • Vagner do Nascimento and
  • Giovani Dambros Telli

With the growing adoption of electric buses in urban transportation systems, ensuring the safety and structural integrity of their battery systems under accident scenarios has become increasingly important. Among potential accidents, rollover events...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,404 Views
23 Pages

Electric vehicles now play a critical and promising role in the automotive industry. This study presents how electric car interiors innovatively appeal to consumers’ needs, influencing their preference for interior design based on essential fea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,195 Views
18 Pages

Machine Learning-Powered IDS for Gray Hole Attack Detection in VANETs

  • Juan Antonio Arízaga-Silva,
  • Alejandro Medina Santiago,
  • Mario Espinosa-Tlaxcaltecatl and
  • Carlos Muñiz-Montero

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) enable critical communication for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) but are vulnerable to cybersecurity threats, such as Gray Hole attacks, where malicious nodes selectively drop packets, compromising network...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,718 Views
13 Pages

Tire contact imprint characteristics and pressure distribution directly affect their lateral mechanical characteristics under rolling conditions, which are the key influencing factors for vehicle handling stability. Based on the nonlinear finite elem...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
870 Views
20 Pages

To achieve precise trajectory tracking and lateral-roll stability during the coordinated control of high-speed autonomous vehicles under lane-changing conditions, this paper proposes an integrated control strategy based on state estimation with a hig...

  • Article
  • Open Access
915 Views
17 Pages

Research on Accident Type Prediction for New Energy Vehicles Based on the AS-Naive Bayes Algorithm

  • Shubing Huang,
  • Bingshan Hou,
  • Xiaoxuan Yin,
  • Chenchen Kong and
  • Chongming Wang

Developing new energy vehicles (NEVs) is a key strategy for achieving low-carbon and sustainable transportation. However, as the number of NEVs increases, traffic accidents involving these vehicles have risen sharply. To explore the characteristics o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,331 Views
14 Pages

In the global automotive industry’s transition towards electrification and intelligence, the influence of key technology configurations of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) on consumer purchasing decisions and market sales has become increasingl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,872 Views
16 Pages

The transition to heavy-duty electric vehicles (HDEVs) offers substantial environmental benefits but raises concerns about increased pavement deterioration due to the added mass of large battery packs. A key research question is whether additional st...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,607 Views
47 Pages

Despite China’s success in its new energy vehicle (NEV) transition, significant regional imbalances persist, raising the question of why provincial policy effectiveness is so context-dependent. To investigate this, this study develops a novel f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,184 Views
26 Pages

The global electric vehicle (EV) market has experienced sustained growth over the last decade; however, adoption within the commercial EV segment remains comparatively sluggish. This disparity is driven by three primary factors: the intrinsic limitat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,276 Views
19 Pages

The global automotive industry’ s rapid transformation has led to electric vehicles (EVs) capturing a significant market share as a sustainable transportation option. To sustain this growth, it is crucial to not only attract new users but also...

  • Article
  • Open Access
970 Views
24 Pages

The rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry has resulted in a large number of retired power batteries. Creating products from second-use retired batteries (SURB) is crucial for sustainability by extending the batteries’ operational...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
719 Views
25 Pages

With the large-scale integration of distributed resources into the distribution network, such as wind/solar power and electric vehicles (EVs), the uncertainties have rapidly increased in the operation optimization of the distribution network. In this...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,290 Views
24 Pages

Modelling, Analysis, and Nonlinear Control of a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer Charger for Electrical Vehicle

  • Ahmed Hamed,
  • Abdellah Lassioui,
  • Hassan El Fadil,
  • Hafsa Abbade,
  • Sidina El jeilani,
  • Marouane El Ancary,
  • Mohammed Chiheb and
  • Zakariae El Idrissi

This article presents an in-depth study of a dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) system used to charge electric vehicles (EVs), with a focus on modeling and controlling a double-D (DD) coil structure. The chosen DD coil design improves energy tran...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,043 Views
16 Pages

A Novel Railgun-Based Actuation System for Ultrafast DC Circuit Breakers in EV Fast-Charging Applications

  • Fermín Gómez de León,
  • Ara Bissal,
  • Maurizio Repetto and
  • Fabio Freschi

This paper presents a novel ultrafast DC circuit breaker concept based on a railgun actuator, designed for ultrafast charging stations operating at 800 V and delivering up to 640 kW. The proposed breaker achieves contact opening speeds exceeding 190...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,182 Views
18 Pages

Defect detection in rail fasteners constitutes a fundamental requirement for ensuring safe and reliable railway operations. Confronted with increasingly demanding inspection requirements of modern rail networks, traditional manual visual inspection m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,207 Views
26 Pages

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered promising solutions to address global energy and environmental challenges. This is largely due to their high efficiency in energy transformation, low emission of pollutants, quick responsive...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,277 Views
24 Pages

Fusing Direct and Indirect Visual Odometry for SLAM: An ICM-Based Framework

  • Jeremias Gaia,
  • Javier Gimenez,
  • Eugenio Orosco,
  • Francisco Rossomando,
  • Carlos Soria and
  • Fernando Ulloa-Vásquez

The loss of localization in robots navigating GNSS-denied environments poses a critical challenge that can compromise mission success and safe operation. This article presents a method that fuses visual odometry outputs from both direct and feature-b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
903 Views
29 Pages

To align with the adoption of electric vehicles in the transportation sector, this paper proposes the use of electric heavy-duty trucks for the logistics and distribution of large prefabricated building components. This approach aims to address the p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,769 Views
21 Pages

In addressing the challenges posed by the numerous rotor structure parameters and the difficulty in analyzing the air gap magnetic field distribution in interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors, and to enhance the performance of automotive IPM synchron...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,435 Views
15 Pages

In this paper, in order to effectively reduce the electromagnetic noise of automotive electronic water pumps, a Hybrid Random Carrier Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Hybrid Random Carrier Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, (HRCSVPWM) technique...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
923 Views
20 Pages

With the growing global demand for clean energy, fuel cells have been adopted as key components in renewable energy systems. Their high efficiency and environmentally friendly operation make them attractive. However, during maximum power point tracki...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,091 Views
22 Pages

Assessment of Ejector-Expansion Heat Pump Systems with Low GWP Refrigerants for Electric Vehicles

  • Zhenying Zhang,
  • Yuying Wang,
  • Zhengdao Zhou,
  • Zheng Guan,
  • Li Chang and
  • Meiyuan Yang

This study addresses the critical challenge of developing efficient thermal management systems for electric vehicles by proposing and evaluating two novel ejector-expansion heat pump configurations: single-evaporator (SEEHP) and dual-evaporator (DEEH...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,820 Views
19 Pages

To address the limitations of conventional magnetically coupled resonant wireless power transfer (MCR-WPT) systems in multi-frequency multi-load applications—specifically inadequate load power independence and high complexity inconstant-voltage...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,068 Views
21 Pages

A Flexible Assembly and Gripping Process of Hairpin Baskets

  • Felix Fraider,
  • Peter Dreher,
  • Josette Lindner,
  • Dominik Reichl,
  • Florian Kößler and
  • Jürgen Fleischer

Established hairpin stators for electric traction motors are made up of a large number of so-called hairpins. To produce these stators, the individual hairpins must first be pre-assembled into an auxiliary device in order to achieve the desired windi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,250 Views
30 Pages

Accurate forecasting of the electric vehicle (EV) charging load is a prerequisite for developing coordinated charging and discharging strategies. This study proposes a method for predicting the EV charging load by incorporating user travel characteri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
863 Views
31 Pages

Evaluating Key Spatial Indicators for Shared Autonomous Vehicle Integration in Old Town Spaces

  • Sucheng Yao,
  • Kanjanee Budthimedhee,
  • Sakol Teeravarunyou,
  • Xinhao Chen and
  • Ziqiang Zhang

As Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAVs) emerge as a transformative force in urban mobility, integrating them into dense, historic urban environments presents distinct spatial and planning challenges—such as narrow street patterns, irregular road n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,144 Views
24 Pages

Simulative Consumption Analysis of an All-Electric Vehicle Fleet in an Urban Environment

  • Paul Heckelmann,
  • Tobias Peichl,
  • Johanna Krettek and
  • Stephan Rinderknecht

The increasing shift towards battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in urban environments raises the question of how real-world traffic conditions affect their energy consumption. While BEVs are expected to reduce local emissions, their total energy demand...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,716 Views
17 Pages

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) has significantly increased the demand for charging infrastructure, posing a challenge in balancing charging demand and infrastructure supply. The development of battery swapping and charging stations (BSCS...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,334 Views
21 Pages

Research on the Charging Point Business Model of EV Users with Variable Roles

  • Weihua Wu,
  • Jieyun Wei,
  • Yifan Zhang,
  • Eun-Young Nam and
  • Dongphil Chun

The current global utilization rate of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations ranges from approximately 20% to 40%. Despite numerous studies focusing on enhancing this utilization through single-variable approaches—such as optimizing charging...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,283 Views
29 Pages

This paper presents a detailed, measurement-based assessment of interharmonic, harmonic, and supraharmonic emissions from a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) supporting electric vehicle (EV) fast charging. In contrast to prior literature, which is...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
857 Views
25 Pages

With the development of dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) technology, the introduction of wireless charging lanes (WCLs) in traffic systems is seen as a promising trend for electrified transportation. Though there has been extensive discussion a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
722 Views
20 Pages

The 2 × 25 kV flexible traction power supply system (FTPSS), using a three-phase-single-phase converter as its power source, effectively addresses the challenges of neutral section transitions and power quality issues inherent in traditional po...

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World Electr. Veh. J. - ISSN 2032-6653