Energies, Volume 10, Issue 4

In this study, the characteristics of a photovoltaic (PV) ribbon (t = 0.25 mm) joint with 60Sn40Pb and 62Sn2Ag36Pb solders were evaluated using thermal shock tests. The thermal shock tests were performed under three conditions: −40–65 °C, −40–85 °C,...

This paper presents a new three-phase four-leg voltage source inverter (VSI), which achieves a high cost effectiveness for mega-watt level system applications. The proposed four-leg inverter adopts the integrated topology with thyristors and insulate...

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is increasingly becoming a common technique to assess the embodied energy and carbon of buildings and their components over their life cycle. However, the vast majority of existing LCAs result in very definite, determinist...

Laboratory based research on the physical properties of gas hydrate hosting sediment matrix was carried out on the non-pressurized hydrate-bearing sediment samples from the Chinese Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey 2 (GMGS2) drilling expedition in t...

This paper proposes a protection method for single line-to-ground (SLG) faults in an ungrounded offshore wind farm with fully-rated converter-based wind turbines. The proposed method uses the unsynchronized current phasors measured by unit protection...

Coal seam gas, held within the inner pores of unmineable coal, is an important energy resource. Gas release largely depends on the gas seepage characteristics and their evolution within granular coal. To monitor this evolution, a series of experiment...

Demand response (DR) is counted as an effective method when there is a large-capacity power shortage in the power system, which may lead to peak loads or a rapid ramp. This paper proposes a bi-level coordinated optimization strategy by quantitating t...

To solve the configuration issue when using International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850 for distributed intelligence in Distribution Automation Systems (DAS), this paper proposes the configuration solution in terms of semantic models and pr...

Abstract: This paper presents a time-domain model of a MV/LV bidirectional solid state transformer (SST). A multilevel converter configuration of the SST MV side is obtained by cascading a single-phase cell made of the series connection of an H bridg...

The use of supercapacitors (SCs) to store regenerative braking energy from urban rail trains is able to achieve a good energy saving effect. This paper analyzes the current balance method of stationary energy storage devices (ESDs). At the beginning...

Inductively coupled power transfer (ICPT) systems, which are superior to batteries due to their real-time power supplycapacity have been used in mooring buoys for the purpose of long-term measurements. A multiple-receiver ICPT system for mooring buoy...

The expansion of renewable energies is progressing strongly. The influence on the power supply networks by the variability of the infeed must be met with new concepts. In this paper, we investigate the possibilities of integrating microgrids as a coo...

Active distribution networks characterized by high flexibility and controllability are an important development mode of future smart grids to be interconnected with large scale distributed generation sources including intermittent energies. However,...

Despite the increasing interest in CO₂ foam flooding for enhanced oil recovery applications, it is challenging to have a successful field operation as the performance of the surfactant is often affected by the presence of crude oil and salinity of th...

Luminosity and correlated color temperature (CCT) have gradually become two of the most important factors in the evaluation of the performance of light sources. However, although most color performance evaluation metrics are highly correlated with CC...

Aiming at achieving high robustness performance in Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems for moving robot power supply, this paper proposes a H_∞ robust control method with multiple parameters that vary randomly, including the mutual inductance, load...

Polyolefin, as one of the most widely used macromolecule materials, has been one of the most serious threats to the environment. Current treatment methods of waste polyolefin including landfill, incineration, and thermal degradation have suffered fro...

The resistivity of oil impregnated paper will decrease during its aging process. This paper takes paper resistivity as an assessment index to evaluate the insulation condition of oil impregnated paper in power transformer. The feasibility of this met...

This paper deals with a comparative study of AC and DC breakdown voltages of based mineral oil mixtures with natural and synthetic esters mainly used in high voltage power transformers. The goal was to analyze the performances of oil mixtures from th...

Natural ester has been widely studied as an alternative dielectric liquid to mineral oil in recent years. Unsaturated triacylglycerol molecules are the main components of natural ester; therefore, in this paper, we investigate the molecular structure...

The monitoring and prognosis of cell degradation in lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are essential for assuring the reliability and safety of electric and hybrid vehicles. This paper aims to develop a reliable and accurate model for online, simultaneou...

To alleviate environmental pollution and improve the efficient use of energy, energy systems integration (ESI)—covering electric power systems, heat systems and natural gas systems—has become an important trend in energy utilization. The traditional...

Predictive control has attracted much attention and has been widely used in power electronics and electric drives. However, further developments for applications in the field of renewable energy systems are still under investigation. In this paper, t...

Material dielectric properties are important for understanding their response to microwaves. Carbonaceous materials are considered good microwave absorbers and can be mixed with dry biomasses, which are otherwise low-loss materials, to improve the he...

This paper presents the design and experimental voltage quality evaluation of controllers for the output voltages of 3-phase four-leg voltage source inverters. These inverters are needed in stand-alone power systems to supply linear and non-linear, b...

In recent years, with the development of photovoltaic system and photo-thermal system technology, hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) technology has been a breakthrough in many aspects. This paper describes the movable hybrid PVT system from the aspect...

The number of applications of stimulus-responsive polymers is growing at an impressive rate. The motivation of this contribution is to use a commercially available low-budget silver-coated polyamide (PA6) as a thermo-responsive metal-polymer hybrid s...

Due the high penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources (IRESs), transmission line currents show large fluctuations and thus significant uncertainty. This makes it difficult to operate a power system without violating transmission capacity...

Inspection and maintenance expenses cover a considerable part of the cost of energy from offshore wind turbines. Risk-based maintenance planning approaches are a powerful tool to optimize maintenance and inspection actions and decrease the total main...

Imbibition is one of the key phenomena underlying processes such as oil recovery and others. In this paper, the influence of nanoparticles on spontaneous water imbibition into ultraconfined channels is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. B...

Smart grids (SGs), as an emerging grid modernization concept, is spreading across diverse research areas for revolutionizing power systems. SGs realize new key concepts with intelligent technologies, maximizing achieved objectives and addressing crit...

This paper proposes a hybrid circuit between a conformal strongly-coupled magnetic resonance (CSCMR) and a strongly-coupled magnetic resonance (SCMR), for better wireless power transmission (WPT). This combination promises to enhance the flexibility...

Tidal stream energy is a low-carbon energy source. Tidal stream turbines operate in a turbulent environment, and the effect of the structure between the turbine and seabed on this environment is not fully understood. An experimental study using 1:72...

Industry 4.0 and its impact in the manufacturing sector are well documented. However, the service sector is understudied, and it is also facing the challenges of mass customization, digital enhancement, smart work environment, and efficient supply ch...

The increase in contributions from non base load renewables, such as wind and solar, can have adverse effects on the stability of an electrical grid. In this study, the possibility of rapidly loading a Francis turbine from a tail water depression (TW...

An evaluation of the failures of coal under variable conditions in relation to the stability of coal pillars is an important issue for coal mining. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the mechanical behavior of brittle...

This paper presents a one-dimensional finite-volume model of an unglazed photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) solar collector. The unit consists of a conventional solar photovoltaic (PV) collector coupled with a suitable heat exchanger. In particular, the coll...

In this paper, an analytical model is proposed to analyze and predict the characteristics of a double stator linear and rotary permanent magnet machine (DSLRPMM). In order to simplify the magnetic field calculation, the DSLRPMM is cut along the axial...

Circuit breakers (CBs) are the main protection devices for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) power systems, ranging from tens of watts up to megawatts. This paper reviews the current status for solid-state circuit breakers (SSCBs)...

High performance flexible inverted organic solar cells (OSCs) employing the low temperature cathode buffer bilayer combining the aqueous solution-processed ZnO and polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) are investigated based on Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,...

In this paper, we study pulsed flow and heat transfer in water-Al₂O₃ nanofluids in a Y-type intersection channel with two inlets and one outlet. At the two inlets, two sinusoidal velocities with a phase difference of π are applied. We assume that the...

As a biofuel feedstock, microalgae has good scalability and potential to supply a significant proportion of world energy compared to most types of biofuel feedstock. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is well-suited to wet biomass (such as microalgae) a...

The battery capacity of electric buses (EB) used for public transportation is greater than that of electric cars, and the charging power is also several times greater than that used in electric cars; this can result in high energy consumption and neg...

This paper endeavors to apply a novel intelligent damping controller (NIDC) for the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) to reduce the power fluctuations, voltage support and damping in a hybrid power multi-system. In this paper, we discuss the i...

We developed a procedure for aqueous ion exchange to obtain different Cu loadings of Cu/SAPO-34 (between 0 and 2.6 wt %.) The catalysts were washcoated on monoliths and characterised with respect to their activity and selectivity under standard selec...

The process of modernizing smart grid prominently increases the complexity and uncertainty in scheduling and operation of power systems, and, in order to develop a more reliable, flexible, efficient and resilient grid, electrical load forecasting is...

Inrush current simulation plays an important role in many tasks of the power system, such as power transformer protection. However, the accuracy of the inrush current simulation can hardly be ensured. In this paper, a Jiles–Atherton (J–A) theory base...

Water is the most desirable and sparse resource in Gulf cooperation council (GCC) region. Utilization of point-of-use (POU) water treatment devices has been gaining huge market recently due to increase in knowledge of urban population on health relat...

This paper describes a multiple time interval (“multi-interval”) parameter estimation method. The multi-interval parameter estimation method estimates a parameter from a new multi-interval prediction error polynomial that can simultaneously consider...

A number of techniques have been proposed to dampen the power system oscillations in the electric power systems. Flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices are becoming one of them. Among the FACTS family, the static synchronous...