2026 April-2 - 287 articles
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a promising non-invasive sensing technique, yet its practical application in resource-constrained environments is often limited by the high computational cost of inverse image reconstruction. To address this c...
Vulnerable road users in informal urban environments confront a distinct set of hazards that standard computer vision datasets are ill-equipped to represent: artisanal speed bumps constructed without regulatory compliance, deteriorated road markings,...
Although odor classification and odor quantification by e-nose have been studied for a long time, the next stage is to express a detected scent using language. The methods used to map molecular structure parameters, mass spectra, and sensor responses...
Robust robotic autonomy remains challenging in complex environments, where loss of stability on uneven or slippery terrain can induce extreme accelerations and angular velocities. Such motions corrupt sensor measurements and degrade state estimation,...
Chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) are robust diagnostic sensors that are widely used to track detonation-driven and shock wave propagation. CFBGs are inscribed with a linearly chirped periodic index of refraction changes that alter the Bragg wavel...
In practical engineering applications, rotor–bearing systems inevitably exhibit inherent or residual faults such as imbalance and shaft-bow, originating from manufacturing tolerances, thermal deformation, or operational loading. Accurate monito...
This study introduces a systematic and optimised methodology for designing Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) sensors and Voice Coil (VC) actuators, tailored for high-precision applications such as gravitational wave detectors and partic...
Flexible resistive sensors are promising for wearable and ergonomic applications because they can be easily fabricated on textiles or flexible substrates and enable real-time monitoring of human movement and posture, especially in health monitoring s...
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk is elevated in female youth football, yet knee joint loading has mainly been studied under controlled laboratory conditions. This limits understanding of how injury risk emerges during realistic match situ...
The IEEE 802.15.6 standard defines wireless body area networks (WBANs) for communication in, on, and around the human body. However, commercially available hardware platforms that support direct experimental validation of IEEE 802.15.6-oriented WBAN...
Fully decoupled radio access networks (FD-RANs) achieve spectral efficiency and coverage flexibility for 6G via independent uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) base station operation, yet dynamic user mobility brings critical challenges to joint user assoc...
In IIoT edge computing, multi-edge server collaborative scheduling faces two core issues due to random task arrivals, heterogeneous resources, and complex topology: traditional model-driven methods cannot make dynamic decisions in dynamic environment...
Deep learning has revolutionized medical image segmentation; however, the clinical deployment of state-of-the-art models is severely impeded by their quadratic computational complexity and substantial resource demands, particularly in multisensor and...
Global warming and increasing heatwaves elevate the risk of exertional heat illnesses, particularly heatstroke, in endurance athletes and outdoor workers. This study developed and validated a wearable heatstroke warning system integrating physiologic...
This article proposes modified test statistics for six blind covariance-based detectors used in data fusion cooperative spectrum sensing, where the full Hermitian sample covariance matrix (SCM) of the received signal is replaced by a symmetric real-v...
Background: Sensor-based systems and virtual reality (VR) technologies provide new opportunities for the objective, technology-driven assessment and training of visuomotor performance in applied contexts such as sport. Methods: This study examined th...
Sensing audio using non-acoustic modalities such as millimeter-wave radar and laser-based systems has emerged as an active research area with significant implications for privacy, security, and robust speech processing. These approaches recover speec...
This study investigates the frequency-dependent electrical conductivity of electrically conductive threads (also known as e-threads), particularly focusing on their inherently lower conductivity than traditional conductors like copper. While efforts...
Ramadan fasting substantially alters meal timing, sleep patterns, and daily activity, thereby increasing the risk of hypoglycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Although continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems provide real-time alerts, th...
The use of long-distance transoceanic cables equipped with high-loss loopbacks enables distributed sensing with a resolution determined by amplifier spacing, typically in the order of 50–100 km. Microwave-frequency fiber interferometry is a pro...
Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) enables Machine Learning (ML) models to run on resource-constrained devices, which is critical for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems requiring low latency, energy efficiency, and local decision-making. Nevert...
Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) relies heavily on data acquired from high-resolution optical spaceborne sensors; however, processing this massive quantity of sensor data via traditional supervised deep learning is severely bottlenecked by its depende...
In this paper we present a hybrid convolutional neural network–hidden Markov model framework for detecting solar flare events of intensity greater than or equal to M1.0 from very low frequency signals via their induced sudden ionospheric distur...
Abnormal gait associated with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders represents a growing clinical burden, particularly in aging populations. This study presents a modular, low-cost Smart Rehabilitation Walker (SRW) that integrates multimodal se...
Semantic communications have emerged as a key paradigm for intelligent sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks, which aim to convey the meaning of information rather than accurate bit sequences. However, in open-space low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite...
In authenticity checking of tobacco products, the identification of the varieties present is of primary importance. Nowadays the detection of illegal tobacco products is often based on package analysis and administrative verification, sometimes compl...
This study proposes a comprehensive methodology for the experimental characterization and non-linear dynamic modelling of Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) bearings, establishing a high-fidelity digital twin approach for the condition monitoring of rotat...
For vehicle driving scenarios in complex backgrounds, road sign detection faces challenges such as multi-scale targets, long-distances, and low-resolution. To address these challenges, a detection method based on an improved YOLO11n network is propos...
(1) Background: Given the large amount of data extracted from information technologies, principal component analysis (PCA) allows the identification of the most important variables to assess physical activity (PA). The aim of this systematic review i...
As ocean resources are further developed and utilized, bionic covert underwater acoustic communication (CUAC) is increasingly important for military and underwater telemetry applications. The primary purpose of this study was to design a highly secur...
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) present promising avenues for performance diagnostics in skateboarding, yet systematic validation of their accuracy and applicability remains limited. This study validates the commercially available Spinnax Freak IMU...
Three-Dimensional (3D) face reconstruction from monocular Red-Green-Blue (RGB) imagery remains a fundamental yet ill-posed challenge in computer vision, with applications in biometrics, augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR), and intelligent visua...
Long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) is critical for modern power systems, energy management, and grid planning. Yet virtually all existing forecasting models employ stationary activation functions that apply identical nonlinear mappings regardle...
This study presents a new high-resolution GNSS-derived velocity field and the first internally consistent, segment-resolved block model for the Havran–Balıkesir Fault Zone (HBFZ) in western Anatolia. Inversion of the GNSS velocity field wa...
Disparity estimation from stereo-endoscopic images is critical for 3D reconstruction in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). However, surgical environments have inherent interference factors including soft tissue deformation, motion blur, and photometri...
Offshore wind power stands as a clean and low-carbon energy option that is booming as part of the efforts to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. Effectively monitoring the dynamic response of wind turbines is a necessity to analyze the modal param...
Turbid Class II inland waters such as Taihu Lake exhibit a “spectral uplift” effect driven by suspended particulate matter (SPM) scattering and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption, which can obscure chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) si...
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely used for acne image classification due to their effectiveness in capturing local texture of skin lesions. However, the locality of convolution operations limits their ability to model long-range d...
Achieving high-accuracy and high-speed 3D shape measurement remains a significant challenge. This paper presents a novel technique using phase-order lines (POLs), which eliminates the need for phase unwrapping in a binocular system. By combining phas...
This paper presents a multimodal sensing approach for fine-grained soccer action recognition using synchronized mm-wave FMCW radar and multiview RGB cameras. A TI IWR1443BOOST FMCW radar and three Sony IMX296 global-shutter cameras were used to recor...
The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has created unprecedented challenges in cybersecurity, as billions of interconnected devices generate, process, and transmit sensitive data across diverse networks. This study addresses critical s...
Visual quality assessment is entering a new frontier as media evolve from static images to temporally dynamic videos and 3D content. These visual signals are typically captured by sensing devices such as cameras and depth sensors, whose acquisition c...
To address the challenges of scarce unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) track samples, severe class imbalance, and high motion similarity between UAVs and birds in low-altitude radar recognition, this paper proposes a trajectory classification method integ...
Conveyor belts are critical equipment in mining operations, where continuous and reliable material transport is essential for production efficiency. This systematic review aims to analyze computer vision-based techniques applied to conveyor belt cond...
Smartwatches are widely used to monitor physiological responses during exercise; however, their accuracy in measuring heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE) across different exercise modalities remains insufficiently characterized. This study ev...
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) feature high node mobility and volatile topologies, rendering the conventional Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) protocol prone to weak link stability and inefficient route discovery due to its lack of direc...
This study aims to establish a protocol for measuring the postauricular muscle reflex (PAMR) and to characterize both short- and mid-latency responses under controlled conditions in adults with normal hearing. PAMR electromyography was recorded in 43...
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders represent a growing healthcare burden, and various drugs are developed for their treatment. However, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) prevents over 98% of therapeutics from reaching brain tissue. Intranasal d...
Accurate classification of uranium slag origin and category is essential for nuclear environmental monitoring and safety. This study presents a hybrid framework combining laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), four preprocessing methods, and fi...
High-strength bolts are critical structural components that are highly susceptible to corrosion in complex environments, posing significant threats to structural safety and reliability. Although acoustic emission (AE) technology has been widely appli...
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