Nitriding of Fe-1 wt.% Cu and Fe-5 wt.% Cu alloys at 813 K leads to the formation of predominantly the γ′-iron nitride phase (γ′-Fe4N) when using nitriding conditions, which lead to pronounced formation of ε-iron nitri...
Gas nitriding, as a surface modification technology to improve the wear resistance of workpiece surfaces, is widely used in wind turbine gears, pressure vessel gears, high-precision die casting abrasives, and other areas. However, the gas nitriding t...
Decarburization is generally avoided as it is reckoned to be a process detrimental to material surface properties. Based on the idea of duplex surface engineering, i.e., nitriding the case-hardened or through-hardened bearing steels for enhanced surf...
The kinetics of the nitrided layer thickness growth and its structure depend on the nitrogen flux from the atmosphere to the nitrided surface. A nitrogen flux to the surface is more significant than a diffusion flux into the substrate, during forming...
To achieve a core strength that meets the requirements during service life, components to be nitrided are subjected to a pre-heat treatment. Since a higher strength prior to nitriding also has a positive effect on the achievable strength in the nitri...
Nitrided layers on 6082 aluminum alloy substrates and 1060 aluminum substrates are formed at atmospheric pressure using thermal nitrogen plasma, which only takes seconds to form a millimeter-level layer. The nitrided layers are composed of aluminum n...
The paper presents the structural characterization of γ′-Fe4N nitrides produced by active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) processes. Experiments were performed on the Fe-Armco model material at 693, 773, and 853 K for 6 h. Investigation of the propert...
Aluminum-modified plasma nitriding was developed in this research by the addition of a few FeAl particles around samples of 42CrMo middle carbon alloy steel during plasma nitriding. The goal of this study was to enhance nitriding efficiency and the c...
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the heating rate of steel balls made of AISI 52100 alloy steel on the kinetics and efficiency of the gas nitriding process when carried out using a chemical reactor with precise thermo-gravimetric...
Plasma nitriding is widely used in various industrial applications to improve surface hardness and wear properties. Especially for tool steels, it is also used to improve the support and adhesion of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings. The properties...
When nitriding 38CrMoAl steel, there are areas that need to be protected, as the process may interfere with subsequent steps. The large-scale demand for anti-nitriding coatings has driven the investigation and development of more effective anti-nitri...
The article presents a complex system of design, in situ visualization and control of the commonly used surface treatment process: the gas nitriding process. In the computer design conception, analytical mathematical models and artificial intelligenc...
Potential-controlled nitriding is an effective technique for enhancing the life of steel molds and dies by improving their surface hardness and toughness against fatigue damage. In this study, the effect of the nitriding potential on the microstructu...
The article presents the results of the research on the nitriding process of 316L austenitic steel and the change in surface properties resulting from this process used in medicine, orthopedics, and in fuel cells. The processes were carried out with...
This study investigated the possibility of nitride NiTi instruments using low-temperature plasma nitriding technology in a standard industrial device. Changes in the properties and fatigue life of used NiTi instruments before and after low-temperatur...
In this work, 2D simulations of stainless steel nitriding through a mask were performed with two configurations: with and without lateral adsorption under the mask, depending on the strength of the mask adhesion. The stress-induced diffusion and trap...
The duplex treatment of AISI 420 steel samples by nitriding in a radiofrequency inductively coupled plasma (RF-ICP) discharge of Ar + N2 + H2 atmosphere followed by CrAlN coating deposition was performed in this study. The influence of plasma nitridi...
In this study, Ti/Cu multilayer film was deposited by magnetron sputtering and then nitrided at 800 and 900 °C in N2. The microstructure and wear performance were studied. The deposited Ti/Cu multilayer film mainly consisted of Ti and Cu phases....
This paper presents a comparison of two-component ammonia-based inlet atmospheres diluted with either hydrogen (NH3/H2) or nitrogen (NH3/N2). Taking advantage of the features of inlet atmospheres diluted with nitrogen and hydrogen, four two-stage pro...
The study investigates the spectral, structural, and phase changes occurring in austenitic steel 12Kh18N10T during cathodic electrolytic plasma nitriding (EPN) in a Na2CO3–CO(NH2)2–NH4Cl electrolyte at 550 °C for 10 min. Emission spec...
This article analyzes the effect of electrolytic plasma nitriding on the performance of medium-carbon steel 45 under increased mechanical loads and in aggressive environments. Nitrided samples in carbamide electrolytes, both with and without the addi...
A high power direct diode laser, emitting in the range of near infrared radiation at wavelength 808–940 nm, was applied to produce a titanium matrix composite on a surface layer of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V by laser surface gas nitriding. The nitrided s...
While gas nitriding of steel is currently used in industry, nitriding of aluminum alloys remains an open challenge. The main obstacle is aluminum’s high susceptibility to passivation. The oxide film provides an effective barrier to nitrogen dif...
A tempered martensitic gear steel (18CrNiMo7-6) sample was nitrided on two sides using a 5 atm pressurized gas at 530 °C for five hours. The nitrided sample was characterized by means of microhardness, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microsc...
Porous 316L stainless steel has a low density and high specific surface area, and is easy to process due to the large number of pores within it, making it ideal for applications such as piping in the chemical and food industries, as a medical tool, o...
This paper proposes a mathematical description of nitriding atmospheres obtained from a one-component ammonia ingoing atmosphere and a two-component ammonia inlet nitrogen-diluted atmosphere. The Fe-N phase equilibrium diagrams of the nitriding atmos...
Nitriding has long been used to engineer the surfaces of engineering steels to improve their surface and subsurface properties. The role of the surface compound layer (γ′-Fe4N and/or ε-Fe2-3N) in improving the tribological and cor...
Low-temperature active-screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) was applied in this study to improve the bending rigidity and corrosion resistance of a small-diameter thin pipe composed of austenitic stainless steel (SUS 304). The inner and outer diameters of...
Ti6Al4V titanium alloys, with high specific strength and good biological compatibility with the human body, are ideal materials for medical surgical implants. However, Ti6Al4V titanium alloys are prone to corrosion in the human environment, which aff...
Surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) is an effective method to accelerate the nitriding process of metallic materials. In this work, a novel technique named surface nano-alloying (SNA) was developed on the basis of surface mechanical attriti...
A new slurry cementation method was used to produce silicide-aluminide protective coatings on austenitic stainless steel 1.4541. The slurry cementation processes were carried out at temperatures of 800 and 1000 °C for 2 h with and without an addi...
This paper discusses the issue of the effects of modifying the activity of nitriding media by diluting ammonia with nitrogen and the concomitant variation in the degree of ammonia dissociation on the layer’s growth kinetics and their phase compositio...
This study experimentally investigated the effect of surface textures on the tribological mechanism of nitrided titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–4V). The titanium alloy samples were nitrided at various temperatures ranging from 750 to 950 °C fo...
The study assessed the effect of ion nitriding on the properties of the surface layer of Grade 5 titanium alloy used, among others, in medicine. Titanium and its alloys have low hardness and insufficient wear resistance in conditions of friction whic...
Electrolytic plasma nitriding is an attractive chemical heat treatment used to improve the surface properties of steel by implementing nitrogen saturation. This method is widely applied to steel and iron-based alloys operating under various operating...
To improve the surface properties of austenitic stainless steels, a thick S-phase layer was prepared by using a novel critical temperature nitriding (CTN) process. The properties of the thick S-phase layer were optimized by controlling the process pa...
Titanium and its alloys possess several attractive properties that include a high strength-to-weight ratio, biocompatibility, and good corrosion resistance. However, due to their poor wear resistance, titanium components need to undergo surface harde...
AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel with different initial microstructures was low-temperature plasma nitrided to improve its hardness and wear resistance in the present investigation. The microstructure and properties of the low-temperature nitrided l...
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) were fabricated by powder metallurgy using gas-atomized powder and spark plasma sintering (SPS) followed by surface modification (plasma nitriding) of the sintered sample. Plasma nitriding forms nitride and induces solid-so...
This paper addresses the formation of nitrided layers on CP Titanium Grade 2 substrates under direct current (DC) glow discharge conditions. In the preliminary research, the parameters for glow discharge plasma nitriding were selected, and the thresh...
This literature review focuses on the nitriding treatments of nickel-based superalloy UNS N07718, also called INCONEL 718. This alloy was selected due to the relevance of this alloy in the aerospace and oil and gas industries. The referenced studies...
The Ti-6Al-4V alloy is widely used in the manufacture of components that must have low density and high corrosion resistance and fatigue strength. The fatigue strength can be improved by surface modification. The aim of this study was to determine th...
This work aimed to enhance the creep resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy treated by plasma nitriding. The nitriding was performed on specimens with a Widmanstätten microstructure for four hours at 690 °C under a gas atmosphere containing Ar:N2:H2...
Low-temperature nitriding allows to improve surface hardening of austenitic stainless steels, maintaining or even increasing their corrosion resistance. The treatment conditions to be used in order to avoid the precipitation of large amounts of nitri...
Preparing protecting coatings on the surface of Zr claddings has been regarded as one of the accident tolerant fuel (ATF) strategies. In this study, a series of nitride-modified layers were in situ grown by hollow cathode plasma nitriding on the surf...
The organizational development of 316L austenitic stainless steel was examined in this work under various levels of compression deformation (0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) and thoroughly investigated at multiple scales using SEM and EBSD techniques....
Heat treatment technology changes all the mechanical properties of metallic materials. The influence of induction hardening, nitriding and boronising on the change in the microhardness, impact toughness, microstructure and coefficient of friction of...
The effects of gas nitriding temperature on the cross section morphology, element nitrogen distribution, and surface layer compositions of a cold rolled and pre-strained high manganese austenitic TWIP steel 25Mn-3Cr-3Al-0.3C-0.01N and the correspondi...
In order to improve the extensive application of 304 steel in various industrial fields, dimples with different diameter and spacing arrayed on the surface of 304 steel were prepared by laser etching. Then the nitriding treatment was applied on the t...
Nitriding is one of the technologies used to improve the performance properties of tool steels. In addition to traditional gas nitriding, technologies aimed at increasing the productivity and/or efficiency of processing have found application in indu...
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