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1,187 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,924 Views
18 Pages

12 March 2023

Urban green space has a critical impact on the urban ecological environment, residents’ health, and urban sustainability. Quantifying residential exposure to green space and proposing targeted enhancement strategies in urban areas is helpful to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
587 Views
17 Pages

19 September 2025

Urban blue-green infrastructure (UBGI) has been recognized as an effective nature-based solution (NbS) for mitigating urban overheating through temperature reduction. However, there is a paucity of research examining whether UBGI spatial configuratio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
374 Views
17 Pages

Long-Term Divergence in Green Exposure Trajectories and Economic Determinants in Urban China

  • Renpeng Liu,
  • Peng Zhang,
  • Gaoxiang Zhou,
  • Xinbin Li,
  • Dedong Zhang and
  • Ming Liu

21 October 2025

Urban greening is increasingly promoted as a means to achieve sustainable and inclusive development. However, it remains unclear whether the expansion of green infrastructure reduces spatial and socioeconomic inequalities or reinforces them. This stu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
68 Citations
9,480 Views
16 Pages

24 November 2019

This study applies the theory of planned behavior and value–attitude–behavior hierarchy model to examine the influence of green product consumption values on the green product buying attitude and green product purchase behavior. Additiona...

  • Article
  • Open Access
428 Views
23 Pages

24 October 2025

Accurately mapping urban residents’ exposure to green space at high spatiotemporal resolutions is essential for assessing disparities and equality across blocks and enhancing urban environment planning. In this study, we developed a framework t...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,673 Views
29 Pages

Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents

  • Francisco Díaz-Martínez,
  • Miguel F. Sánchez-Sauco,
  • Laura T. Cabrera-Rivera,
  • Carlos Ojeda Sánchez,
  • Maria D. Hidalgo-Albadalejo,
  • Luz Claudio and
  • Juan A. Ortega-García

Today more than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. Children spend about 40 h a week in the school environment. Knowing the influence of school exposure to green/blue spaces could improve the children’s health, creating h...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,190 Views
14 Pages

Previous studies have identified the benefits of exposure to green or historic environments using qualitative methods and psychometric measures, but studies using a combination of measures are lacking. This study builds on current literature by focus...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,504 Views
11 Pages

Exploring Urban Green Spaces’ Effect against Traffic Exposure on Childhood Leukaemia Incidence

  • Carlos Ojeda Sánchez,
  • Javier García-Pérez,
  • Diana Gómez-Barroso,
  • Alejandro Domínguez-Castillo,
  • Elena Pardo Romaguera,
  • Adela Cañete,
  • Juan Antonio Ortega-García and
  • Rebeca Ramis

Background: Several environmental factors seem to be involved in childhood leukaemia incidence. Traffic exposure could increase the risk while urban green spaces (UGS) exposure could reduce it. However, there is no evidence how these two factors inte...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,002 Views
13 Pages

The Effects of Green Spaces and Noise Exposure on the Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Case–Control Study in Lebanon

  • Jad El Masri,
  • Hani Finge,
  • Ahmad Afyouni,
  • Tarek Baroud,
  • Najla Ajaj,
  • Maya Ghazi,
  • Diala El Masri,
  • Mahmoud Younes,
  • Pascale Salameh and
  • Hassan Hosseini

Background: Environmental surroundings reduce the rate of several diseases, especially those related to stressful events. Ischemic stroke can be affected by such events, either directly or through its risk factors. Therefore, the present study evalua...

  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
5,779 Views
17 Pages

Assessing Inequity in Green Space Exposure toward a “15-Minute City” in Zhengzhou, China: Using Deep Learning and Urban Big Data

  • Jingjing Luo,
  • Shiyan Zhai,
  • Genxin Song,
  • Xinxin He,
  • Hongquan Song,
  • Jing Chen,
  • Huan Liu and
  • Yuke Feng

Green space exposure is considered an important aspect of a livable environment and human well-being. It is often regarded as an indicator of social justice. However, due to the difficulties in obtaining green space exposure data from a ground-based...

  • Article
  • Open Access
768 Views
17 Pages

26 August 2025

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most prevalent birth defect. Ozone and heatwave exposure during pregnancy could increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Green space might be associated with beneficial birth outcomes. The research on the com...

  • Article
  • Open Access
71 Citations
5,405 Views
13 Pages

Environmental health studies on green space may be affected by contextual uncertainties originating from the temporality of environmental exposures and by how the spatial context is delimitated. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is fr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
5,097 Views
9 Pages

Effects of Green Color Exposure on Stress, Anxiety, and Pain during Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation in Dental Patients Requiring Sedation

  • Yukihiko Takemura,
  • Kanta Kido,
  • Hiromasa Kawana,
  • Tatsuo Yamamoto,
  • Takuro Sanuki and
  • Yoshiharu Mukai

Intravenous cannulation is an invasive procedure that causes stress, anxiety, and pain for many patients. A recent animal study found that exposure to green light induced antinociceptive and anxiolytic effects. This study examined whether green color...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,974 Views
21 Pages

Environmental health effects during urbanization have attracted much attention. However, knowledge is lacking on the relationship between long-term cumulative residential environment and health effects on individuals during rapid transformations in u...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,055 Views
28 Pages

Does Higher Exposure to Green Spaces Lead to Higher Life Satisfaction and Less Leisure Travel? A Case Study of Reykjavík, Iceland

  • Johanna Raudsepp,
  • Kamyar Hasanzadeh,
  • Áróra Árnadóttir,
  • Jukka Heinonen and
  • Michał Czepkiewicz

2 December 2024

Urban areas have a significant impact on climate change, with transport and mobility as one major source. Furthermore, the impact of urban areas on transport extends beyond their own geographic areas, via leisure travel. Research has suggested severa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,152 Views
22 Pages

Identifying Potential Urban Greenways by Considering Green Space Exposure Levels and Maximizing Recreational Flows: A Case Study in Beijing’s Built-Up Areas

  • Tao Liu,
  • Le Yu,
  • Xin Chen,
  • Yunmiao Chen,
  • Xiaomeng Li,
  • Xinyi Liu,
  • Yue Cao,
  • Fan Zhang,
  • Chenggang Zhang and
  • Peng Gong

31 October 2024

Urban greenways are pivotal in enriching urban quality and fostering socio-ecological sustainability. Previous studies on urban greenway networks have often overlooked user-based experience efficiency, leading to the underutilization and insufficient...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
6,645 Views
22 Pages

Urban residents’ need to be in control of their home environment can be constrained by perceived uncontrollability of exposure to road traffic noise. Noise annoyance may indicate a psychological stress reaction due to this uncontrollability per...

  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
5,596 Views
14 Pages

Associations of Preconception Exposure to Air Pollution and Greenness with Offspring Asthma and Hay Fever

  • Ingrid Nordeide Kuiper,
  • Iana Markevych,
  • Simone Accordini,
  • Randi J. Bertelsen,
  • Lennart Bråbäck,
  • Jesper Heile Christensen,
  • Bertil Forsberg,
  • Thomas Halvorsen,
  • Joachim Heinrich and
  • Ole Hertel
  • + 9 authors

We investigated if greenness and air pollution exposure in parents’ childhood affect offspring asthma and hay fever, and if effects were mediated through parental asthma, pregnancy greenness/pollution exposure, and offspring exposure. We analys...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,119 Views
13 Pages

Green Space Exposure and Obesity in the Mexican Adult Population

  • Nabetse Baruc Blas-Miranda,
  • Ana Lilia Lozada-Tequeanes,
  • Juan Antonio Miranda-Zuñiga and
  • Marcia P. Jimenez

Green space or natural vegetation may reduce obesity risk by increasing opportunities for physical activity or reducing stress and exposure to other pollutants. Obesity prevalence in Mexico is ranked among the highest in the world. However, research...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,649 Views
13 Pages

Daily Green Exposure, Mobility, and Health: A Scoping Review

  • Tong Liu,
  • Winifred E. Newman and
  • Matthew H. E. M. Browning

19 April 2024

Mounting evidence suggests urban greenery promotes physical activity and human health. However, scholars have differing views on defining or measuring the terms related to green mobility behavior (MB). Therefore, evaluating how green MB impacts healt...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,117 Views
13 Pages

Is Brief Exposure to Green Space in School the Best Option to Improve Attention in Children?

  • Asier Anabitarte,
  • Gonzalo García-Baquero,
  • Ainara Andiarena,
  • Nerea Lertxundi,
  • Nerea Urbieta,
  • Izaro Babarro,
  • Jesús Ibarluzea and
  • Aitana Lertxundi

The positive effects of Green Spaces on health are thought to be achieved through the mechanisms of mitigation, instoration and restoration. One of the benefits of Green Spaces may be the restoration of attention and so the objective of this research...

  • Review
  • Open Access
18 Citations
5,945 Views
22 Pages

Despite growing research on green space and health benefits, the body of evidence remains heterogeneous and unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with high evidence levels are deemed timely....

  • Article
  • Open Access
661 Views
25 Pages

Research on the Spatio-Temporal Differentiation of Environmental Heat Exposure in the Main Urban Area of Zhengzhou Based on LCZ and the Cooling Potential of Green Infrastructure

  • Xu Huang,
  • Lizhe Hou,
  • Shixin Guan,
  • Hongpan Li,
  • Jombach Sándor,
  • Fekete Albert,
  • Filepné Kovács Krisztina and
  • Huawei Li

25 August 2025

Urban heat exposure has become an increasingly critical environmental issue under the dual pressures of global climate warming and rapid urbanization, posing significant threats to public health and urban sustainability. However, conventional linear...

  • Review
  • Open Access
284 Citations
40,021 Views
17 Pages

In recent years, the interest in the relationship between exposure to green spaces and children’s and adolescents’ mental health has risen. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of observational studies assessing the associat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,095 Views
26 Pages

Exposure to green spaces contributes to residents’ physical and mental health and well-being. The equitable allocation of green space has also become an increasingly important issue for society and the government. This study takes 3281 communit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,449 Views
19 Pages
Sustainability2024, 16(24), 10895;https://doi.org/10.3390/su162410895 
(registering DOI)

12 December 2024

Climate risk’s effects on society and economic development are becoming more pronounced, and enterprises have to seize the opportunity for green transformation. Based on public company data from 2011 to 2022, this study explores the causal rela...

  • Review
  • Open Access
926 Citations
57,309 Views
26 Pages

Mental Health Benefits of Long-Term Exposure to Residential Green and Blue Spaces: A Systematic Review

  • Mireia Gascon,
  • Margarita Triguero-Mas,
  • David Martínez,
  • Payam Dadvand,
  • Joan Forns,
  • Antoni Plasència and
  • Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen

Many studies conducted during the last decade suggest the mental health benefits of green and blue spaces. We aimed to systematically review the available literature on the long-term mental health benefits of residential green and blue spaces by incl...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
49 Citations
7,455 Views
11 Pages

Preventive Effect of Residential Green Space on Infantile Atopic Dermatitis Associated with Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure

  • Ji-Young Lee,
  • Dirga Kumar Lamichhane,
  • Myeongjee Lee,
  • Shinhee Ye,
  • Jung-Hyun Kwon,
  • Myung-Sook Park,
  • Hwan-Cheol Kim,
  • Jong-Han Leem,
  • Yun-Chul Hong and
  • Yangho Kim
  • + 2 authors

Few birth cohort studies have examined the role of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) in the development of infantile atopic dermatitis (AD), but none have investigated the role of preventive factors such as green spaces. The aim of this study was...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
6 Citations
12,793 Views
21 Pages

A direct exposure technique to simulate the vegetation red-magenta hues associated with the traditional Kodak Ektachrome Professional Infrared EIR film is proposed. The method uses the Foveon sensor in full spectrum mode as found in Sigma cameras in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,224 Views
17 Pages

13 March 2025

(1) Research Highlights: Existing studies primarily focus on the supply-side evaluation of urban forest accessibility, emphasizing physical proximity while often overlooking real-time usage patterns and demographic-specific exposure. This study shift...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,547 Views
14 Pages

Environmental factors play an important role in obesity-related behaviors. Evidence indicates significant associations between weight and urban green spaces in adults, but it is not clear whether this relationship applies to adolescents. Therefore, o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,632 Views
21 Pages

Improving the mental health of urban residents is a global public health priority. This study builds on existing work that demonstrates the ability of virtual exposure to restorative environments to improve population mental health. It compares the r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,063 Views
26 Pages

Measuring Urban Green Space Exposure Based on Street View Images and Machine Learning

  • Tianlin Zhang,
  • Lei Wang,
  • Yike Hu,
  • Wenzheng Zhang and
  • Yuyang Liu

3 April 2024

Exposure to green spaces (GSs) has been perceived as a natural and sustainable solution to urban challenges, playing a vital role in rapid urbanization. Previous studies, due to their lack of direct spatial alignment and attention to a human-scale pe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,191 Views
19 Pages

10 February 2025

Given the critical role of urban green space (UGS) in fostering sustainable urban development, there is a growing focus on assessing levels and inequalities in urban green space exposure. However, the integration of UGS with urban development, partic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,228 Views
25 Pages

Decision Tree Analyses to Explore the Relevance of Multiple Sex/Gender Dimensions for the Exposure to Green Spaces: Results from the KORA INGER Study

  • Lisa Dandolo,
  • Christina Hartig,
  • Klaus Telkmann,
  • Sophie Horstmann,
  • Lars Schwettmann,
  • Peter Selsam,
  • Alexandra Schneider,
  • Gabriele Bolte and
  • on behalf of the INGER Study Group

Recently, attention has been drawn to the need to integrate sex/gender more comprehensively into environmental health research. Considering theoretical approaches, we define sex/gender as a multidimensional concept based on intersectionality. However...

  • Review
  • Open Access
94 Citations
13,765 Views
15 Pages

Measuring Nature Contact: A Narrative Review

  • Isabel Holland,
  • Nicole V. DeVille,
  • Matthew H. E. M. Browning,
  • Ryan M. Buehler,
  • Jaime E. Hart,
  • J. Aaron Hipp,
  • Richard Mitchell,
  • Donald A. Rakow,
  • Jessica E. Schiff and
  • Mathew P. White
  • + 2 authors

While many studies suggest evidence for the health benefits of nature, there is currently no standardized method to measure time spent in nature or nature contact, nor agreement on how best to define nature contact in research. The purpose of this re...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
744 Views
11 Pages

Resilient Cities and Urban Green Infrastructure—Nexus Between Remote Sensing and Sustainable Development

  • Suman Kumari,
  • Tesfaye Temtime Tessema,
  • Laden Husamaldin,
  • Sharad Kumar Gupta,
  • Philip Cox,
  • Dale Mortimer,
  • Andrea Benedetto and
  • Fabio Tosti

Cities are the growth engines responsible for shaping the global economy, major contributors to climate change, and are significantly affected by it. However, the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to make these cities an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,884 Views
17 Pages

Green space exposure is thought to have a positive influence on physical activity behavior and overall health. However, the literature remains equivocal, and green space measurement methods remain complicated. Using data from the Illinois Behavioral...

  • Review
  • Open Access
123 Citations
13,345 Views
18 Pages

Green Space Exposure Association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Physical Activity, and Obesity: A Systematic Review

  • Felipe De la Fuente,
  • María Angélica Saldías,
  • Camila Cubillos,
  • Gabriela Mery,
  • Daniela Carvajal,
  • Martín Bowen and
  • María Paz Bertoglia

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a public health challenge that must be addressed considering the large number of risk factors involved in its appearance. Some environmental risk factors are currently described as predictors of diabetes, with acces...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,234 Views
15 Pages

Green Light Exposure Reduces Primary Hyperalgesia and Proinflammatory Cytokines in a Rodent Model of Knee Osteoarthritis: Shedding Light on Sex Differences

  • Laura Ventura,
  • Renan F. do Espírito-Santo,
  • Michael Keaser,
  • Youping Zhang,
  • Jin Y. Ro and
  • Joyce T. Da Silva

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) often causes chronic pain that disproportionately affects females. Proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 are key effectors of OA pathological changes. Green light shows potential as an alternative interv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,185 Views
13 Pages

It is widely known that exposure to residential greenness is beneficial for health. However, few studies have analyzed the association between greenery and Parkinson’s disease (PD). We selected 313,355 participants who matched the inclusion cri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,224 Views
11 Pages

Exploring the Effects of Environmental Factors on the Development of 0–4-Year Old Children in The Netherlands

  • Luuk van Wel,
  • Paula van Dommelen,
  • Moniek Zuurbier,
  • Debbie Heinen,
  • Jennie Odink,
  • Janine Bezem,
  • Paul H. Verkerk,
  • Anjoeka Pronk,
  • Gerard Hoek and
  • Eelco Kuijpers

Air pollution, noise, and green space are important environmental exposures, having been linked to a variety of specific health outcomes. However, there are few studies addressing overall early life development. To assess their effects, associations...

  • Article
  • Open Access
54 Citations
9,632 Views
20 Pages

This study assessed the contributions of urban green spaces on mental health with joint consideration of people’s physiological and psychological responses. The psychological and physiological responses of participants aged between 22 and 28, who vis...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,913 Views
20 Pages

Green Growth in the OECD Countries: A Multivariate Analytical Approach

  • Beata Gavurova,
  • Silvia Megyesiova and
  • Matej Hudak

15 October 2021

Green growth is about merging environmental and social protection with economic growth. The OECD countries follow the progress toward greening though a set of indicators. The aim of the study is to analyze the condition and development of the OECD co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
54 Citations
6,126 Views
15 Pages

Residential Greenness and Birthweight in the State of Massachusetts, USA

  • Kelvin C. Fong,
  • Itai Kloog,
  • Brent A. Coull,
  • Petros Koutrakis,
  • Francine Laden,
  • Joel D. Schwartz and
  • Peter James

Natural vegetation, or greenness, may benefit maternal health and consequently, fetal growth, by providing opportunities for physical activity and psychological restoration, and decreasing detrimental environmental exposures. We retrieved Massachuset...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
4,762 Views
12 Pages

The Modifying Role of Socioeconomic Position and Greenness on the Short-Term Effect of Heat and Air Pollution on Preterm Births in Rome, 2001–2013

  • Federica Asta,
  • Paola Michelozzi,
  • Giulia Cesaroni,
  • Manuela De Sario,
  • Chiara Badaloni,
  • Marina Davoli and
  • Patrizia Schifano

Urban green spaces have been associated with health benefits, but few studies have evaluated the role of greenness on pregnancy outcomes. We examined how the association between short-term exposure to heat and air pollution on the probability of pret...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,924 Views
14 Pages

Home Greenery: Alleviating Anxiety during Lockdowns with Varied Landscape Preferences

  • Zhengkai Zhang,
  • Hanjiang Zhang,
  • Huan Yang and
  • Bingzhi Zhong

27 October 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries applied lockdown rules to flatten their epidemic curves. Meanwhile, many people suffered mental health crises. However, evidence is lacking on the psychologically restorative effects of home greenery for c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
49 Citations
9,706 Views
14 Pages

19 February 2021

Green roofs and walls can mitigate the environmental and climate change of a city. They can decrease the urban heat island (UHI), reduce greenhouse gas emissions, fix environmental pollutants, manage urban stormwater runoff, attenuate noise, and enha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,578 Views
25 Pages

25 September 2021

White-collar workers, with tremendous work pressure, excessive working hours, and poor physical condition, need green spaces not only to have physical exercise and social gatherings, but also to become closer to nature and to relieve stress for their...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,293 Views
14 Pages

South Korea faces high levels of air pollution and is currently not on track to meet its transport sector 2030 and 2050 greenhouse gas emission reduction targets primarily due to infrastructural limitations. This study examines the potential health b...

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