-
Heteropolyacids@Silica Heterogeneous Catalysts to Produce Solketal from Glycerol Acetalization
-
Modulation of the Effect of Cisplatin on Nicotine-Stimulated A549 Lung Cancer Cells Using Analog of Marine Sponge Toxin Loaded in Gelatin Nanoparticle
-
Phonon Pseudoangular Momentum in α-MoO3
-
Molecular Dynamics Study of Nanoribbon Formation by Encapsulating Cyclic Hydrocarbon Molecules inside Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube
-
A 3D-Printed Portable UV and Visible Photoreactor for Water Purification and Disinfection Experiments
Journal Description
Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials
is an international, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary scholarly open access journal, published semimonthly online by MDPI. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, and short notes that are relevant to any field of study that involves nanomaterials, with respect to their science and application. The Spanish Carbon Group (GEC) is affiliated with Nanomaterials and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, PMC, CAPlus / SciFinder, Inspec, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Physics, Applied) / CiteScore - Q1 (General Chemical Engineering )
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 13.6 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.5 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Companion journals for Nanomaterials include: Nanomanufacturing and Applied Nano.
Impact Factor:
5.3 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
5.4 (2022)
Latest Articles
Novel Kraft Softwood Lignin-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Cytocompatibility
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1029; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121029 (registering DOI) - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been investigated for biomedical applications in medical imaging due to their fluorescent properties, overall long-term stability, and excellent cytocompatibility and biocompatibility. Lignin is an organic polymer in the tissues of woody plants. It is also considered a byproduct
[...] Read more.
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been investigated for biomedical applications in medical imaging due to their fluorescent properties, overall long-term stability, and excellent cytocompatibility and biocompatibility. Lignin is an organic polymer in the tissues of woody plants. It is also considered a byproduct of the wood and pulp industries. Hence, it presents as a renewable source of carbon nanoparticles. In this study, we report the synthesis and material and biological characterization of two colloidal suspensions of CQDs in water derived from lignin-based carbon. One was the native form of CQDs derived from lignin carbon, and the second was doped with nitrogen to evaluate material differences. Material characterization was carried out using various commonly used techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), emission and absorbance spectra, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thin films of CQDs were formed on glass and silicon substrates to assess the in vitro cytocompatibility with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Observations suggest that the two forms of CQDs promote cell attachment within 24 h and sustain it for at least 7 days. The overall structure and shape of cells suggest a lack of any adverse or toxic effects of CQDs. The data lay down the novel foundation to support the use of lignin-derived CQDs in tissue engineering applications.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon-Based Multifunctional Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Application)
►
Show Figures
Open AccessArticle
Controlled Synthesis of Large-Area Oriented ZnO Nanoarrays
by
Haowei Lin, Shibo Xing, Ao Jiang, Mingxuan Li, Qing Chen, Zhenling Wang, Lei Jiang, Huiying Li, Jie Wang and Chenchen Zhou
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1028; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121028 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Large-area oriented ZnO nanoarrays (including nanowire, nanorod, and nanotube) on ITO glass substrates are synthesized via the simple hydrothermal, electrodeposition, and electrochemical etching approach. The morphology of ZnO nanoarrays is controlled by adjusting the reaction temperature, reaction time, and current density. The scanning
[...] Read more.
Large-area oriented ZnO nanoarrays (including nanowire, nanorod, and nanotube) on ITO glass substrates are synthesized via the simple hydrothermal, electrodeposition, and electrochemical etching approach. The morphology of ZnO nanoarrays is controlled by adjusting the reaction temperature, reaction time, and current density. The scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) results indicate the successful preparation of large-area oriented ZnO nanoarrays with different types, and the energy-dispersive X-microanalysis spectrum (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirm that the composition of the obtained nanoarrays is ZnO. More importantly, the as-prepared ZnO nanotube arrays are observed with about a 40% increase in ultraviolet absorption intensity compared to the ZnO nanowire/nanorod arrays, due to having larger specific surface areas. The as-prepared different types of ZnO nanoarrays have great potential for applications in low-cost and high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Synthesis, Interfaces and Nanostructures)
Open AccessArticle
Design and Implementation of Electrochromic Smart Windows with Self-Driven Thermoelectric Power Generation
by
Xiaohan Xie, Haining Ji, Lingcan Wang, Shaomei Wang, Qi Chen and Runteng Luo
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1027; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121027 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Electrochromic smart windows can achieve controllable modulation of color and transmittance under an external electric field with active light and thermal control capabilities, which helps reduce energy consumption caused by building cooling and heating. However, electrochromic smart windows often rely on external power
[...] Read more.
Electrochromic smart windows can achieve controllable modulation of color and transmittance under an external electric field with active light and thermal control capabilities, which helps reduce energy consumption caused by building cooling and heating. However, electrochromic smart windows often rely on external power circuits, which greatly affects the independence and portability of smart windows. Based on this, an electrochromic smart window driven by temperature-difference power generation was designed and implemented. This smart window provides automatic and manual control of the reversible cycle of electrochromic glass from light blue to dark blue according to user requirements and changes in the surrounding environment, achieving adaptive adjustment of visual comfort and reducing energy consumption. The infrared radiation rejection (from 780 to 2500 nm) of the electrochromic smart window is as high as 77.3%, and its transmittance (from 380 to 780 nm) fluctuates between 39.2% and 56.4% with changes in working state. Furthermore, the temperature in the indoor simulation device with electrochromic glass as the window was 15 °C lower than that with ordinary glass as the window after heating with a 250 W Philips infrared lamp for ten minutes. After 2000 cycles of testing, the performance of the smart window was basically maintained at its initial values, and it has broad application prospects in buildings, vehicles, and high-speed rail systems.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring Novel Thermoelectric Nanomaterials for Energy Harvesting)
Open AccessArticle
Corrosion Behavior of 20G and TP347H in Molten LiCl-NaCl-KCl Salt
by
Shijing Xie, Min Lei, Jiawei Sun, Chongdou Yang, Wenbo Liu, Di Yun, Xiqiang Zhao and Jie Qiu
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1026; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121026 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
The corrosion behavior of 20G and TP347H materials was investigated in molten LiCl-NaCl-KCl salt. The corrosion rates of these materials in molten chloride salt are high and are strongly affected by the alloying surface oxide formation. The 20G shows uniform surface corrosion with
[...] Read more.
The corrosion behavior of 20G and TP347H materials was investigated in molten LiCl-NaCl-KCl salt. The corrosion rates of these materials in molten chloride salt are high and are strongly affected by the alloying surface oxide formation. The 20G shows uniform surface corrosion with almost no protective oxide formation on the surface. In contrast, the austenitic steel TP347H exhibits better corrosion resistance in molten chloride salts due to its high Cr content. Owing to the highly corrosive nature of molten chloride salts, the Cl− in molten salt could react with oxides and alloy, inducing intergranular corrosion of austenitic steel in molten chloride salt environments.
Full article
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01026/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01026-g001-550.jpg?1718276666)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
A Novel Nano-Laminated GdB2C2 with Excellent Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Performance and Ultra-High-Temperature Thermostability
by
Longfei Jiang, Gang Qin, Pengxing Cui, Guoqing Wang and Xiaobing Zhou
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1025; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121025 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
A novel nano-laminated GdB2C2 material was successfully synthesized using GdH2, B4C, and C via an in situ solid-state reaction approach for the first time. The formation process of GdB2C2 was revealed based on
[...] Read more.
A novel nano-laminated GdB2C2 material was successfully synthesized using GdH2, B4C, and C via an in situ solid-state reaction approach for the first time. The formation process of GdB2C2 was revealed based on the microstructure and phase evolution investigation. Purity of 96.4 wt.% GdB2C2 was obtained at a low temperature of 1500 °C, while a nearly fully pure GdB2C2 could be obtained at a temperature over 1700 °C. The as-obtained GdB2C2 presented excellent thermal stability at a high temperature of 2100 °C in Ar atmosphere due to the stable framework formed by the high-covalence four-member and eight-member B-C rings in GdB2C2. The GdB2C2 material synthesized at 1500 °C demonstrated a remarkably low minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −47.01 dB (3.44 mm) and a broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 1.76 GHz. The possible electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) mechanism could be ascribed to the nano-laminated structure and appropriate electrical conductivity, which facilitated good impedance matching, remarkable conduction loss, and interfacial polarization, along with the reflection and scattering of electromagnetic waves at multiple interfaces. The GdB2C2, with excellent EMWA performance as well as remarkable ultra-high-temperature thermal stability, could be a promising candidate for the application of EMWA materials in extreme ultra-high temperatures.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials for Electromagnetic Shielding and Absorption Applications)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01025/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01025-ag-550.jpg?1718274432)
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Phosphorus-Modified Palladium and Tungsten Carbide/Mesoporous Carbon Composite for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
by
Ganghong Bae, Woo Jin Byun, Jin Ho Lee, Min Hee Lee, Yeji Choi, Jae Young Kim and Duck Hyun Youn
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1024; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121024 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
A composite material of tungsten carbide and mesoporous carbon was synthesized by the sol-gel polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde, using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a surfactant and Ludox HS-40 as a porogen, and served as a support for Pd-based electrodes. Phosphorus-modified Pd particles were
[...] Read more.
A composite material of tungsten carbide and mesoporous carbon was synthesized by the sol-gel polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde, using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a surfactant and Ludox HS-40 as a porogen, and served as a support for Pd-based electrodes. Phosphorus-modified Pd particles were deposited onto the support using an NH3-mediated polyol reduction method facilitated by sodium hypophosphite. Remarkably small Pd nanoparticles with a diameter of ca. 4 nm were formed by the phosphorus modification. Owing to the high dispersion of Pd and its strong interaction with tungsten carbide, the Pd nanoparticles embedded in the tungsten carbide/mesoporous carbon composite exhibited a hydrogen oxidation activity approximately twice as high as that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst under the anode reaction conditions of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Energy and Catalysis)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01024/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01024-g001-550.jpg?1718272423)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Evolution of the Surface Wettability of Vertically Oriented Multilayer Graphene Sheets Deposited by Plasma Technology
by
Domen Paul, Rok Zaplotnik, Gregor Primc, Alenka Vesel and Miran Mozetič
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1023; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121023 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Carbon deposits consisting of vertically oriented multilayer graphene sheets on metallic foils represent an interesting alternative to activated carbon in electrical and electrochemical devices such as super-capacitors because of the superior electrical conductivity of graphene and huge surface–mass ratio. The graphene sheets were
[...] Read more.
Carbon deposits consisting of vertically oriented multilayer graphene sheets on metallic foils represent an interesting alternative to activated carbon in electrical and electrochemical devices such as super-capacitors because of the superior electrical conductivity of graphene and huge surface–mass ratio. The graphene sheets were deposited on cobalt foils by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using propane as the carbon precursor. Plasma was sustained by an inductively coupled radiofrequency discharge in the H mode at a power of 500 W and a propane pressure of 17 Pa. The precursor effectively dissociated in plasma conditions and enabled the growth of porous films consisting of multilayer graphene sheets. The deposition rate varied with time and peaked at 100 nm/s. The evolution of surface wettability was determined by the sessile drop method. The untreated substrates were moderately hydrophobic at a water contact angle of about 110°. The contact angle dropped to about 50° after plasma treatment for less than a second and increased monotonously thereafter. The maximal contact angle of 130° appeared at a treatment time of about 30 s. Thereafter, it slowly decreased, with a prolonged deposition time. The evolution of the wettability was explained by surface composition and morphology. A brief treatment with oxygen plasma enabled a super-hydrophilic surface finish of the films consisting of multilayer graphene sheets.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2D Structured Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01023/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01023-g001-550.jpg?1718338729)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Synthesis and Optical Properties of a Novel Hybrid Nanosystem Based on Covalently Modified nSiO2 Nanoparticles with a Curcuminoid Molecule
by
Nicole Parra-Muñoz, Valentina López-Monsalves, Rodrigo Espinoza-González, Daniel Aravena, Nancy Pizarro and Monica Soler
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1022; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121022 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
A new curcuminoid molecule (3) has been designed and synthesized, containing a central -(CH2)2-COOH chain at the α carbon of the keto-enol moiety in the structure. The carboxylic acid group is added to react with exposed amino
[...] Read more.
A new curcuminoid molecule (3) has been designed and synthesized, containing a central -(CH2)2-COOH chain at the α carbon of the keto-enol moiety in the structure. The carboxylic acid group is added to react with exposed amino groups on silica oxide nanoparticles (nSiO2), forming an amide bond to attach the curcuminoid moiety to the nSiO2 covalently. The Kaiser test quantifies the functionalization degree, yielding 222 μmol of curcuminoid per gram of nanoparticles. The synthesized hybrid nanosystem, nSiO2-NHCO-CCM, displays significant emission properties, with a maximum emission at 538 nm in dichloromethane, similar to curcuminoid 1 (without the central chain), which emits at 565 nm in the same solvent. Solvent-induced spectral effects on the absorption and emission bands of the new hybrid nanosystem are confirmed, similar to those observed for the free curcuminoid (1). The new nanosystem is evaluated in the presence of kerosene in water, showing an emission band at 525 nm as a detection response. The ability of nSiO2-NHCO-CCM to change its fluorescence when interacting with kerosene in water is notable, as it overcomes the limitation caused by the insolubility of free curcuminoid 1 in water, allowing for the exploitation of its properties when connected to the water-stable nanosystem for future detection studies.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization and Applications of Nanomaterials in Sensors and Actuators)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01022/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01022-g001-550.jpg?1718266815)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Optical Absorption in Tilted Geometries as an Indirect Measurement of Longitudinal Plasma Waves in Layered Cuprates
by
Niccolò Sellati, Jacopo Fiore, Claudio Castellani and Lara Benfatto
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1021; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121021 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Electromagnetic waves propagating in a layered superconductor with arbitrary momentum, with respect to the main crystallographic directions, exhibit an unavoidable mixing between longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom. Here we show that this basic physical mechanism explains the emergence of a well-defined absorption
[...] Read more.
Electromagnetic waves propagating in a layered superconductor with arbitrary momentum, with respect to the main crystallographic directions, exhibit an unavoidable mixing between longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom. Here we show that this basic physical mechanism explains the emergence of a well-defined absorption peak in the in-plane optical conductivity when light propagates at small tilting angles relative to the stacking direction in layered cuprates. More specifically, we show that this peak, often interpreted as a spurious leakage of the c-axis Josephson plasmon, is instead a signature of the true longitudinal plasma mode occurring at larger momenta. By combining a classical approach based on Maxwell’s equations with a full quantum derivation of the plasma modes based on modeling the superconducting phase degrees of freedom, we provide an analytical expression for the absorption peak as a function of the tilting angle and light polarization. We suggest that an all-optical measurement in tilted geometry can be used as an alternative way to access plasma-wave dispersion, usually measured by means of large-momenta scattering techniques like resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) or electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superconductivity and Magnetism in Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01021/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01021-g001-550.jpg?1718265238)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Optically Active Oxygen Defects in Titanium Dioxide Doped with Inorganic Acid Ions
by
Bin Xu, Xuehui Duan, Tao Zhou, Jinliang Hao, Haotian Qin, Youcai Zhao, Wei Ye and Jianglin Cao
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1020; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121020 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Doping inorganic acid ions represents a promising pathway to improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO2, and oxygen vacancy has been regarded as the determinant factor for photocatalytic activity. A series of samples doped with Cl−, NO3−,
[...] Read more.
Doping inorganic acid ions represents a promising pathway to improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO2, and oxygen vacancy has been regarded as the determinant factor for photocatalytic activity. A series of samples doped with Cl−, NO3−, and SO42− was prepared via a simple sol–gel method. Two different oxygen vacancies in the crystal layer of NO3−/TiO2 and Cl−/TiO2 were found, and those are [Ti3+]-V0-[Ti3+] and [Ti3+]-Cl, respectively. The photocurrent of NO3−/TiO2 with [Ti3+]-V0-[Ti3+] is significantly greater than that of Cl−/TiO2 with [Ti3+]-Cl. The least oxygen vacancy is in the gel layer of SO42−/TiO2, and the negligible photocurrent is due to difficulty in forming a stable sol. Furthermore, the process conditions for the application of TiO2 were investigated in this work. The optimal process parameters are to adjust the solution to pH = 3 during sol–gel preparation, to adopt 550 °C as the calcination temperature, and to use an alkaline electrolyte, while the rest of the preparation conditions remain unchanged. This work reveals a new avenue for designing efficient photocatalysts for air pollutant degradation.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Surface Chemistry of Catalysis)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01020/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01020-g001-550.jpg?1718261450)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
A Tunable Graphene Superlattice with Deformable Periodical Nano-Gating
by
Binbin Wei, Haosong Ying, Junrong Chen, Qing Zang, Jiduo Dong, Hao Zhang, Yang Liu and Chunheng Liu
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1019; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121019 - 13 Jun 2024
Abstract
Graphene superlattices have simple and controllable electronic band structures, which can also be electrostatically tuned. They have been widely studied for band engineering and strong correlated physics, and have led to the discovery of a variety of exciting phenomena. To experimentally study the
[...] Read more.
Graphene superlattices have simple and controllable electronic band structures, which can also be electrostatically tuned. They have been widely studied for band engineering and strong correlated physics, and have led to the discovery of a variety of exciting phenomena. To experimentally study the physics of graphene superlattices in a systematic way, it is desirable to control the structure parameters, which barely exist at the moment, onsite. Here, a tunable superlattice with graphene and a deformable gating structure is demonstrated. The period and duty cycle of the nano-gating, and furthermore of the superlattice potential, can be tuned through altering the shape of the gating structure with piezo-actuators, offering a tunable band structure. The tuning of the electronic band structures of both a two-dimensional and a one-dimensional superlattice is demonstrated with numerical simulations, offering a new approach for tunable electronic and photonic devices.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene-Based Nanomaterials II)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01019/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01019-g001-550.jpg?1718251718)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Investigating UV-Irradiation Parameters in the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Water Hyacinth Leaf Extract: Optimization for Future Sensor Applications
by
Fueangfakan Chutrakulwong, Kheamrutai Thamaphat and Mana Intarasawang
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1018; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121018 - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be produced safely and greenly using water hyacinth, an invasive aquatic plant, as a reducing agent. This study aimed to optimize the UV-irradiation parameters for the synthesis of AgNPs from water hyacinth leaf extract. The study varied the reaction
[...] Read more.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be produced safely and greenly using water hyacinth, an invasive aquatic plant, as a reducing agent. This study aimed to optimize the UV-irradiation parameters for the synthesis of AgNPs from water hyacinth leaf extract. The study varied the reaction time and pH levels and added a stabilizing agent to the mixture. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The findings revealed that the optimal conditions for synthesizing AgNPs were achieved by adjusting the pH level to 8.5, adding starch as a stabilizing agent, and exposing the mixture to UV-A radiation for one hour. These conditions resulted in the smallest size and highest quantity of AgNPs. Furthermore, the synthesized AgNP colloids remained stable for up to six months. This study highlights the potential of utilizing water hyacinth as a sustainable and cost-effective reducing agent for AgNP synthesis, with potential applications in pharmaceuticals, drug development, catalysis, and sensing detection.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosynthesis and Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials: New Methodologies and Results, 2nd Edition)
Open AccessArticle
Synthesis of Ag-Doped Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon Coatings and Their Antibiofilm Efficacy for Medical Implant Application
by
Davoodbasha MubarakAli, Sung-Min Kim, Yu-Been Ko, Jung-Wan Kim, Young-Jun Jang and Sang-Yul Lee
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1017; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121017 - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Tetrahedral amorphous carbon (taC) is a hydrogen-free carbon with extensive properties such as hardness, optical transparency, and chemical inertness. taC coatings have attracted much attention in recent times, as have coatings doped with a noble metal. A known antimicrobial metal agent, silver (Ag),
[...] Read more.
Tetrahedral amorphous carbon (taC) is a hydrogen-free carbon with extensive properties such as hardness, optical transparency, and chemical inertness. taC coatings have attracted much attention in recent times, as have coatings doped with a noble metal. A known antimicrobial metal agent, silver (Ag), has been used as a dopant in taC, with different Ag concentrations on the Ti64 coupons using a hybrid filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) and magnetron sputtering system. The physiochemical properties of the coated surface were investigated using spectroscopic and electron microscopy techniques. A doping effect of Ag-taC on biofilm formation was investigated and found to have a significant effect on the bacterial-biofilm-forming bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa depending on the concentration of Ag. Further, the effect of coated and uncoated Ag-taC films on a pathogenic bacterium was examined using SEM. The result revealed that the Ag-taC coatings inhibited the biofilm formation of S. aureus. Therefore, this study demonstrated the possible use of Ag-taC coatings against biofilm-related complications on medical devices and infections from pathogenic bacteria.
Full article
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01017/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01017-g001-550.jpg?1718198267)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
High-Entropy Alloy Activating Laves-Phase Network for Multi-Component Metallic Coatings with High Hardness
by
Ao Yan, Guoxing Chen, Huiqiang Ying, Xiao Yang, Zongde Kou, Song Tang, Longlong Fan, Xiang Chen, He Zhu, Zhiguang Zhu, Yang Ren and Si Lan
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1016; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121016 - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
The low hardness and poor wear resistance of laser-cladding 316L stainless steel impose significant constraints on its practical applications. In this study, a strategy for strengthening laser-cladding 316L stainless steel with WMoTaNb refractory high-entropy alloy as a reinforcement material is proposed. The results
[...] Read more.
The low hardness and poor wear resistance of laser-cladding 316L stainless steel impose significant constraints on its practical applications. In this study, a strategy for strengthening laser-cladding 316L stainless steel with WMoTaNb refractory high-entropy alloy as a reinforcement material is proposed. The results confirm that the coating primarily comprises a body-centered cubic (BCC) Fe-based solid solution, a network-distributed hexagonal Fe2X (X = W, Mo, Ta, and Nb) Laves phase, and a diffusely distributed face-centered cubic (FCC) (Ta, Nb)C phase. The Fe-based solid solution distributes along columnar and fine dendrites, while the Laves phase and (Ta, Nb)C phase are in the inter-dendrites. The presence of a significant number of network Laves phases exhibiting high strength and hardness is the primary factor contributing to the enhancement of coating microhardness. The hardness of the composite coating is increased by nearly twice compared to that of the 316L coating, resulting in an improved wear resistance. The present work can shed light on designing and fabricating 316L stainless steel coating with enhanced hardness and wear resistance.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Enhancing the Mechanical Performance of Metallic Materials Induced by Heterogeneous Nanostructures)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01016/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01016-g001-550.jpg?1718191406)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Radiation-Induced Synthesis and Superparamagnetic Properties of Ferrite Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
by
Amel Zorai, Abdelhafid Souici, Daniel Adjei, Diana Dragoe, Eric Rivière, Salim Ouhenia, Mehran Mostafavi and Jacqueline Belloni
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1015; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121015 - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
Ultra-small magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles are successfully synthesized in basic solutions by using the radiolytic method of the partial reduction in FeIII in the presence of poly-acrylate (PA), or by using the coprecipitation method of FeIII and FeII
[...] Read more.
Ultra-small magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles are successfully synthesized in basic solutions by using the radiolytic method of the partial reduction in FeIII in the presence of poly-acrylate (PA), or by using the coprecipitation method of FeIII and FeII salts in the presence of PA. The optical, structural, and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were examined using UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and SQUID magnetization measurements. The HRTEM and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of ultra-small magnetite nanoparticles in a spinel structure, with a smaller size for radiation-induced particles coated by PA (5.2 nm) than for coprecipitated PA-coated nanoparticles (11 nm). From magnetization measurements, it is shown that the nanoparticles are superparamagnetic at room temperature. The magnetization saturation value Ms = 50.1 A m2 kg−1 of radiation-induced nanoparticles at 60 kGy is higher than Ms = 18.2 A m2 kg−1 for coprecipitated nanoparticles. Both values are compared with nanoparticles coated with other stabilizers in the literature.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Physical Chemistry at Nanoscale)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01015/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01015-ag-550.jpg?1718187315)
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Based on Babassu Oil and Copaiba Oleoresin: A Promising Approach for Prostate Cancer Therapy
by
Michael Jackson Ferreira da Silva, Alisson Mendes Rodrigues, Maria Célia Pires Costa, Adriana Leandro Camara, Lucio Mendes Cabral, Eduardo Ricci Junior, Daniel Figueiredo Vanzan, Ana Paula dos Santos Matos, Thiago da Silva Honorio and Antonio Carlos Romão Borges
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1014; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121014 - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) represent promising nanostructures for drug delivery systems. This study successfully synthesized SLNs containing different proportions of babassu oil (BBS) and copaiba oleoresin (COPA) via the emulsification–ultrasonication method. Before SLN synthesis, the identification and quantification of methyl esters, such as
[...] Read more.
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) represent promising nanostructures for drug delivery systems. This study successfully synthesized SLNs containing different proportions of babassu oil (BBS) and copaiba oleoresin (COPA) via the emulsification–ultrasonication method. Before SLN synthesis, the identification and quantification of methyl esters, such as lauric acid and β-caryophyllene, were performed via GC-MS analysis. These methyl esters were used as chemical markers and assisted in encapsulation efficiency experiments. A 22 factorial design with a center point was employed to assess the impact of stearic acid and Tween 80 on particle hydrodynamic diameter (HD) and polydispersity index (PDI). Additionally, the effects of temperature (8 ± 0.5 °C and 25 ± 1.0 °C) and time (0, 7, 15, 30, 40, and 60 days) on HD and PDI values were investigated. Zeta potential (ZP) measurements were utilized to evaluate nanoparticle stability, while transmission electron microscopy provided insights into the morphology and nanometric dimensions of the SLNs. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the SLNs (10 µg/mL, 30 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, and 80 µg/mL) was evaluated using the MTT assay with PC-3 and DU-145 prostate cancer cell lines. Results demonstrated that SLNs containing BBS and COPA in a 1:1 ratio exhibited a promising cytotoxic effect against prostate cancer cells, with a percentage of viable cells of 68.5% for PC-3 at a concentration of 30 µg/mL and 48% for DU-145 at a concentration of 80 µg/mL. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic applications of SLNs loaded with BBS and COPA for prostate cancer treatment.
Full article
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01014/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01014-ag-550.jpg?1718181422)
Graphical abstract
Open AccessArticle
Highly Conductive and Long-Term Stable Phosphorene-Based Nanocomposite for Radio-Frequency Antenna Application
by
Kibum Song, Seungho Ha and Keun-Young Shin
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1013; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121013 - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
In this study, an omnidirectional and high-performance free-standing monopole patch radio-frequency antenna was fabricated using a urea-functionalized phosphorene/TiO2/polypyrrole (UTP) nanocomposite. The UTP nanocomposite antenna was fabricated via ball milling of urea-functionalized phosphorene, chemical oxidative polymerization of the UTP nanocomposite, and mechanical
[...] Read more.
In this study, an omnidirectional and high-performance free-standing monopole patch radio-frequency antenna was fabricated using a urea-functionalized phosphorene/TiO2/polypyrrole (UTP) nanocomposite. The UTP nanocomposite antenna was fabricated via ball milling of urea-functionalized phosphorene, chemical oxidative polymerization of the UTP nanocomposite, and mechanical pelletizing of the composite. Based on experiments, the proposed UTP nanocomposite-based antenna exhibited long-term stability in terms of electrical conductivity. After 12 weeks, a slight change in surface resistance was observed. The proposed antenna exhibited high radiation efficiency (78.2%) and low return loss (−36.6 dB). The results of this study suggest the potential of UTP nanocomposite antennas for applications in 5G technology.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nanocomposite Materials)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01013/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01013-g001-550.jpg?1718171848)
Figure 1
Open AccessReview
A Meta-Analysis Review: Nanoparticles as a Gateway to Optimized Boiling Surfaces
by
Giulia Motta and Antonis Sergis
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1012; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121012 - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
Pool boiling is essential in many industrial manufacturing applications. In addition, it can become critical in the journey towards improving energy generation efficiency and accomplishing the goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 via new or traditional power generation applications. The effectiveness of
[...] Read more.
Pool boiling is essential in many industrial manufacturing applications. In addition, it can become critical in the journey towards improving energy generation efficiency and accomplishing the goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 via new or traditional power generation applications. The effectiveness of boiling is governed by the bubble cycle. The chemistry and topographical features of the surface being heated have been found to highly impact the boiling performance, such as in the case of pool boiling enhancement when employing hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces via nano/micro heater surface modification. Nevertheless, it is questionable how feasible it is to create these surfaces for large-scale applications due to their manufacturing and maintenance cost and complexity. The current work assesses whether the use of nanoparticles in traditional coolants could potentially unlock the mass production of optimised heating surface modification through a metadata literature review analysis. It was discovered that self-assembled layers created as a result of the deposition of nanoparticles in coolants undergoing pool boiling seem to behave most similarly to manufactured hydrophilic surfaces. The creation of enhanced patterned-heat transfer surfaces is shown to be possible via the use of a combination of different nanoparticle suspensions in coolants.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Coatings with Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterizations and Applications)
Open AccessArticle
Nanoimprint Lithography for Next-Generation Carbon Nanotube-Based Devices
by
Svitlana Fialkova, Sergey Yarmolenko, Arvind Krishnaswamy, Jagannathan Sankar, Vesselin Shanov, Mark J. Schulz and Salil Desai
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1011; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121011 - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
This research reports the development of 3D carbon nanostructures that can provide unique capabilities for manufacturing carbon nanotube (CNT) electronic components, electrochemical probes, biosensors, and tissue scaffolds. The shaped CNT arrays were grown on patterned catalytic substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method.
[...] Read more.
This research reports the development of 3D carbon nanostructures that can provide unique capabilities for manufacturing carbon nanotube (CNT) electronic components, electrochemical probes, biosensors, and tissue scaffolds. The shaped CNT arrays were grown on patterned catalytic substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The new fabrication process for catalyst patterning based on combination of nanoimprint lithography (NIL), magnetron sputtering, and reactive etching techniques was studied. The optimal process parameters for each technique were evaluated. The catalyst was made by deposition of Fe and Co nanoparticles over an alumina support layer on a Si/SiO2 substrate. The metal particles were deposited using direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering technique, with a particle ranging from 6 nm to 12 nm and density from 70 to 1000 particles/micron. The Alumina layer was deposited by radio frequency (RF) and reactive pulsed DC sputtering, and the effect of sputtering parameters on surface roughness was studied. The pattern was developed by thermal NIL using Si master-molds with PMMA and NRX1025 polymers as thermal resists. Catalyst patterns of lines, dots, and holes ranging from 70 nm to 500 nm were produced and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Vertically aligned CNTs were successfully grown on patterned catalyst and their quality was evaluated by SEM and micro-Raman. The results confirm that the new fabrication process has the ability to control the size and shape of CNT arrays with superior quality.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section 2D and Carbon Nanomaterials)
►▼
Show Figures
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01011/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01011-g001-550.jpg?1718099609)
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
High-Order Harmonics Generation Using Spherical and Non-Spherical Nanoparticles
by
Rashid A. Ganeev and Aigars Atvars
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1010; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121010 - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
The conversion efficiency of 800 nm, 65 fs radiation toward high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in laser-induced plasmas containing spherical and non-spherical nanoparticles (NPs) produced during the laser ablation of different metals in water using 1064 nm, 70 ps pulses was analyzed. Non-spherical NPs
[...] Read more.
The conversion efficiency of 800 nm, 65 fs radiation toward high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in laser-induced plasmas containing spherical and non-spherical nanoparticles (NPs) produced during the laser ablation of different metals in water using 1064 nm, 70 ps pulses was analyzed. Non-spherical NPs of different forms (triangle, cubic, bowtie, rod, rectangular, ellipsoid, etc.) were synthesized during the aging of some spherical NPs (In, Al, and Cu) in water. These NPs were then dried on the glass substrates and ablated to produce plasmas comprising nanostructured species of different morphologies. It was shown that harmonic generation in all synthesized non-spherical NPs was less efficient by a factor of at least five than in the initial spherical NP. Meanwhile, the spherical NPs that maintained the morphology state during aging (Ni, Ag, Mn, and Au) showed almost similar HHG conversion efficiency compared to the fresh spherical NPs. In all cases, the HHG conversion efficiency using spherical and non-spherical nanoparticles was notably larger compared to the atomic and ionic single-particle plasmas of the same elemental composition. NP plasmas demonstrated featureless harmonic distributions, contrary to the indium and manganese atomic/ionic plasmas, when the resonance enhancement of harmonics was observed.
Full article
![](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nanomaterials/nanomaterials-14-01010/article_deploy/html/images/nanomaterials-14-01010-g001-550.jpg?1718099799)
Figure 1
![Nanomaterials nanomaterials-logo](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/nanomaterials-logo.png?8600e93ff98dbf14)
Journal Menu
► ▼ Journal Menu-
- Nanomaterials Home
- Aims & Scope
- Editorial Board
- Reviewer Board
- Topical Advisory Panel
- Instructions for Authors
- Special Issues
- Topics
- Sections & Collections
- Article Processing Charge
- Indexing & Archiving
- Editor’s Choice Articles
- Most Cited & Viewed
- Journal Statistics
- Journal History
- Journal Awards
- Society Collaborations
- Conferences
- Editorial Office
Journal Browser
► ▼ Journal BrowserHighly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics
Topic in
Cancers, Cells, JCM, Radiation, Pharmaceutics, Applied Sciences, Nanomaterials, Current Oncology
Innovative Radiation Therapies
Topic Editors: Gérard Baldacchino, Eric Deutsch, Marie Dutreix, Sandrine Lacombe, Erika Porcel, Charlotte Robert, Emmanuelle Bourneuf, João Santos Sousa, Aurélien de la LandeDeadline: 30 June 2024
Topic in
Catalysts, Coatings, Crystals, Energies, Materials, Nanomaterials
Interfacial Bonding Design and Applications in Structural and Functional Materials
Topic Editors: Junlei Qi, Pengcheng Wang, Yaotian YanDeadline: 20 July 2024
Topic in
Analytica, Molecules, Nanomaterials, Polymers, Separations, Chemosensors
Nanomaterials in Green Analytical Chemistry
Topic Editors: George Zachariadis, Rosa Peñalver, Natalia ManousiDeadline: 15 August 2024
Topic in
Energies, J. Compos. Sci., Materials, Nanomaterials, Polymers
Advanced Polymeric Composites: Processing, Characterization and Mechanical Behavior
Topic Editors: Jude O. Iroh, Derrick Dean, Kirill Levine, Ramakrishnan RajagopalanDeadline: 31 August 2024
![loading...](https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/loading_circle.gif?9a82694213036313?1718274570)
Conferences
Special Issues
Special Issue in
Nanomaterials
Quantum Dot Materials and Optoelectronic Devices
Guest Editors: Guohua Wu, Yaohong ZhangDeadline: 20 June 2024
Special Issue in
Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials for Terahertz Technology Applications
Guest Editors: Ying Zhang, Xunjun HeDeadline: 30 June 2024
Special Issue in
Nanomaterials
Pulsed Laser Deposited Nanostructures
Guest Editor: Catalin ConstantinescuDeadline: 20 July 2024
Special Issue in
Nanomaterials
Lanthanide-Doped Luminescent Nanomaterials: Design, Synthesis, Optical Properties and Applications
Guest Editor: Sai XuDeadline: 25 July 2024
Topical Collections
Topical Collection in
Nanomaterials
Process Intensification, Process Design and Green Techniques for Nanomaterials Production and Applications
Collection Editors: Marco Stoller, Giorgio Vilardi
Topical Collection in
Nanomaterials
Magnetic Nanostructured Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Their Cutting-Edge Applications
Collection Editors: Georgia Basina, Vasileios Tzitzios
Topical Collection in
Nanomaterials
The Fourth State of Engineering: Nanoengineered Materials and Coatings Facilitated by Plasma Techniques
Collection Editors: Krasimir Vasilev, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Thomas Michl, Akash Bachhuka
Topical Collection in
Nanomaterials
Nanoarchitectonics of the Fourth Fundamental Electronic Component: Memristor, Meminductor and Memcapacitor
Collection Editors: Yao-Feng Chang, Sridhar Chandrasekaran, Firman Simanjuntak