Ultrafast Laser Micro-Nano Welding: From Principles to Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanophotonics Materials and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2026 | Viewed by 1083

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Interests: ultrafast laser micro/nano processing; nanomaterials; laser welding; laser ablation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Interests: ultrafast laser micro/nanofabrication; multiscale modeling of ultrafast laser-material interactions; novel micro/nanophotonic materials, structures, and devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Interests: ultrafast laser micro/nano processing; intelligent monitoring; nanomaterials; laser welding
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ultrafast laser–matter interactions are being explored in order to introduce new pioneering principles and technologies into the realms of fundamental science and industrial production. The local thermal melting and connection properties of ultrafast laser micro-/nanowelding technologies offer a novel method for the welding of diverse transparent materials, thus providing a wide range of potential applications in aerospace, optomechanical systems, sensors, microfluidic, optics, etc.

In this Special Issue, we seek to present the current state of the art in ultrafast laser micro-/nanowelding technology from principles to applications. We aim to show that tuning transient electron activation processes, high-rate laser energy deposition, and the dynamic evolution of plasma morphology at the nanoscale via temporal/spatial shaping methods is able to facilitate the transition from conventional homogeneous transparent material welding to the more intricate realm of transparent/metal heterogeneous material welding. Moreover, the implementation of novel, real-time, in situ monitoring techniques and the prompt diagnosis of welding defects can further be used to improve the strength and stability of welds at the micron scale.

We welcome a wide range of topics, such as the principles of ultrafast laser micro-/nanowelding, bottleneck problems in the welding process, novel welding methods, advances in welding performance, in situ monitoring and diagnosis, image processing and machine learning, and various other applications, to be discussed and presented in this Special Issue.

We hope to offer a forward-looking perspective on the fundamental challenges within the field of ultrafast laser micro-/nanowelding and identify key areas for future research, underscoring the imperative need for ongoing innovation and exploration.

Dr. Xianshi Jia
Prof. Dr. Cong Wang
Dr. Li Kai
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • ultrafast laser micro-/nanoprocessing
  • nanomaterials
  • laser welding
  • intelligent monitoring
  • transparent materials

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 17722 KiB  
Article
Direct Glass-to-Metal Welding by Femtosecond Laser Pulse Bursts: II, Enhancing the Weld Between Glass and Polished Metal Surfaces
by Qingfeng Li, Fei Luo, Gabor Matthäus, David Sohr and Stefan Nolte
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(16), 1215; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15161215 - 8 Aug 2025
Viewed by 238
Abstract
We present a comprehensive study on the femtosecond laser direct welding of glass and metal, focusing on optimizing processing parameters and understanding the influence of material properties and beam shaping on welding quality. Using microscopy, we identified optimal pulse energy, focal position, and [...] Read more.
We present a comprehensive study on the femtosecond laser direct welding of glass and metal, focusing on optimizing processing parameters and understanding the influence of material properties and beam shaping on welding quality. Using microscopy, we identified optimal pulse energy, focal position, and line-spacing for achieving high-quality welds. We further investigated the effects of laser beam shaping and material property differences in various glass-to-metal pairs, including borosilicate, fused silica, and Zerodur glasses welded with mirror-polished metals such as Cu, Mo, Al, Ti, and AISI316 steel. Our results show that Ti and AISI316 steel exhibit the lowest adhesion to borosilicate and fused silica glasses, while Zerodur glass achieves good adhesion with all tested metals. To understand the weldability differences among material pairs, we employed a time-dependent finite-element method to analyze the laser heating-induced thermal stress. Our findings indicate that the welding quality is significantly influenced by the choice of materials and beam shaping, with the vortex beam showing potential for improved welding outcomes. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing glass-to-metal welding processes for various industrial applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafast Laser Micro-Nano Welding: From Principles to Applications)
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12 pages, 12870 KiB  
Article
Direct Glass-to-Metal Welding by Femtosecond Laser Pulse Bursts: I, Conditions for Successful Welding with a Gap
by Qingfeng Li, Gabor Matthäus, David Sohr and Stefan Nolte
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(15), 1202; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15151202 - 6 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 322
Abstract
We report on the welding of optical borosilicate glass to an unpolished copper substrate (surface Ra of 0.27 µm and Rz of 1.89 µm) using bursts of femtosecond laser pulses. The present paper puts forth the hypothesis that glass–metal welding with a gap [...] Read more.
We report on the welding of optical borosilicate glass to an unpolished copper substrate (surface Ra of 0.27 µm and Rz of 1.89 µm) using bursts of femtosecond laser pulses. The present paper puts forth the hypothesis that glass–metal welding with a gap is contingent upon the ejection of molten jets of glass. We have ascertained the impact of pulse energy and focal position on weldability. This finding serves to substantiate our initial hypothesis and provides a framework for understanding the conditions under which this hypothesis is applicable. Under optimal conditions, but without the assistance of any clamping system, our welded samples maintained a breaking resistance of up to 10.9 MPa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafast Laser Micro-Nano Welding: From Principles to Applications)
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