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International Journal of Molecular Sciences publishes Special Issues to create collections of papers on specific topics, with the aim of building a community of authors and readers to discuss the latest research and develop new ideas and research directions. Special Issues are led by Guest Editors, who are experts on the topic and all Special Issue submissions follow MDPI's standard editorial process. The journal’s Editor-in-Chief and/or designated Editorial Board Member will oversee Guest Editor appointments and Special Issue proposals, checking their content for relevance and ensuring the suitability of the material for the journal. The papers published in a Special Issue will be collected and displayed on a dedicated page of the journal’s website. Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies and Guest Editor responsibilities can be found here. For any inquiries related to a Special Issue, please contact the Editorial Office.

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The Environment, Human Stress, and Gut Microbiome: A Triad in Disease Development

edited by

Natalia Kurhaluk

and Halina Tkaczenko

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 5588 | Submission Open

Keywords: gut microbiome stress interactions; environmental microbiome disease linkages; stress-driven microbiome dysbiosis; microbiome environment disease pathways; human microbiome stress responses; environmental stress disease mechanisms; gut microbiome oxidative stress interactions; environmental oxidative stress impacts; stress-driven microbiome oxidative imbalance; oxidative stress microbiome diseases; human oxidative stress pathways; oxidative stress disease mechanisms

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Microbiology)

Transforming in Cancer Therapy: Advances in Immunotherapy and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

edited by

Walid Shalata

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 5578 | Submission Open

Keywords: tyrosine kinase inhibitors; immunotherapy; monoclonal antibodies; CAR-T cells

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Oncology)

P53 and Tumours: Strategies to Overcome Chemoresistance in a p53-Dependent Way

edited by

Mariano Francesco Caratozzolo

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 5210 | Submission Open

Keywords: P53; chemoresistant tumours; drug design; regulatory RNAs; drugs targeting; NGS; transcriptional regulation; molecular networks

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)

Drugs Targeting Cancer Signaling Pathways: Dissecting Mechanisms to Unlock New Therapeutic Targets

edited by Souleymane Abdoul-Azize

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 3 articles | Viewed by 5199 | Submission Open

Keywords: small-molecule drugs; signal transduction; therapeutic targets; therapeutic resistance; oncogenic signaling; novel biomarkers; cancer therapy; cancer signaling pathways; immunotherapy

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Oncology)

Molecular Research in Orofacial Pain and Headache

edited by

Adriana Elena Bulboaca

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 4 articles | Viewed by 5162 | Submission Open

Keywords: neuropathic pain; trigeminal neuralgia; temporomandibular joint disorders; headache; migraine; neuroplasticity

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)

Lipopolysaccharide in the Health and Disease

edited by

Gen-Ichiro Soma

and Hiroyuki Inagawa

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 4495 | Submission Open

Keywords: usefulness of LPS; oral and/or dermal administration of LPS; lifestyle disease; cognitive dysfunction; allergy; autoimmune disorder; wound healing; cancer

(This special issue belongs to the Section Biochemistry)

Biomechanics and Molecular Research on Glioblastoma: 2nd Edition

edited by

Lorenzo Corsi

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 4 articles | Viewed by 4349 | Submission Open

Keywords: GBM; molecular pathways; biomechanics; oncogene; cancer; microenvironment; drug targeting; diagnostic; immunotherapy

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Oncology)

Circumventing Resistance to Channel-Targeting Insecticides: A Challenge for Global Health and Food Security

edited by

Bruno Lapied

and David Barry Sattelle

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 4131 | Submission Open

Keywords: pest insects and resistance; resistance in insect vectors of human and livestock diseases; mechanisms of resistance; circumventing resistance; ion channels and resistance; integrated approaches to resistance management; alternating insecticide classes; minimizing risk to beneficial insects; novel control strategies

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Biology)

Advances in Plant Molecular Breeding and Molecular Diagnostics

edited by

Jiří Sedlák

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 4 articles | Viewed by 4066 | Submission Open

Keywords: plant molecular breeding; molecular diagnostics; pathogen detection; disease symptomatology; genetic resources, genetic diversity; phenology; genotype–phenotype integration; genome editing; omics; bioinformatics

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Genetics and Genomics)

Abiotic Stress in Plants, 2nd Edition

edited by

Xiujun Zhang

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 5 articles | Viewed by 3966 | Submission Open

Keywords: abiotic stress; ROS; redox; antioxidants; phytohormones; ethylene; plant stress eco-physiology

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Plant Sciences)

Gene Function, Molecular Mechanisms, and Crop Breeding

edited by Hongwei Lu

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 3842 | Submission Open

Keywords: molecular biology; gene function; molecular mechanism; crop breeding; molecular biology; agronomic traits; gene discovery; genomics; bioinfomatics; gene regulation

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Plant Sciences)

Immunity in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Systemic Immune Imbalance, Neuroinflammation, and Beyond—2nd Edition

edited by

Ivana Munitic

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 3 articles | Viewed by 3733 | Submission Open

Keywords: neurodegeneration; CNS immunosurveillance; neuroinflammation; neuroimmune axis; glia; T cells; phagocytosis; immunomodulation; autoimmunity; immunodeficiency

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Neurobiology)

Advances in Next-Generation Sequencing for Aging and Cancer Research

edited by Hyunsoo Kim

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 3 articles | Viewed by 3140 | Submission Open

Keywords: next-generation sequencing; aging; cancer genomics; cellular senescence; single-cell sequencing; epigenomics; transcriptomics; tumor evolution; biomarkers; precision medicine

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Informatics)

Molecular Advances in Brain Plasticity

edited by

Beatrice Uguagliati

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 2984 | Submission Open

Keywords: neurophysiology; neurobiology; synapses; synaptic plasticity; microglia; astrocytes; dendritic spines; neurodevelopment; neurodevelopmental disease; learning and memory; neuropharmacology

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)

Metabolomics as a Window into Human Disease Mechanisms

edited by

Paolo Iadarola

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 3 articles | Viewed by 2603 | Submission Open

Keywords: biomarker discovery; metabolomics; disease mechanisms

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Informatics)

Purine Signaling as a Therapeutic Target in Human Diseases

edited by

Aránzazu Mediero

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 2530 | Submission Open

Keywords: disease; adenosine; ATP; receptors; transporters; therapeutics; molecular mechanisms

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Biology)

Bioactive Compounds: Innovative Technologies for Extraction, Synthesis, and Functional Evaluation

edited by

Parisa Abbasi Parizad

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 3 articles | Viewed by 2449 | Submission Open

Keywords: bioactive compounds; extraction; synthesis; functional evaluation; molecular aspects; mechanism of action

(This special issue belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)

Skin Cancer: Molecular Drivers, Biomarkers, Non-Invasive Diagnostics and Therapeutic Strategies

edited by

Federico Venturi

Emi Dika

and Giulia Veronesi

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 2382 | Submission Open

Keywords: melanoma; skin cancers; immunotherapy; targeted therapy; liquid biopsy; non-invasive diagnostics techniques; miRNA; genomic

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Oncology)

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Plant-Sourced Compounds: 2nd Edition

edited by Johana Rondevaldova

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 2113 | Submission Open

Keywords: antibacterial effect; antioxidants; medicinal plants; anti-infective agents; phytochemicals

(This special issue belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)

Neurodegenerative Disease: From Molecular Basis to Therapy, 5th Edition

edited by

Claudia Ricci

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 2100 | Submission Open

Keywords: neurodegenerative diseases; molecular biology; neurogenetics; pathogenesis; therapy; personalized medicine

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Neurobiology)

Fiber Plants: Genetics and Genomics, Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Applications—Novel Materials, Functional Foods and Beyond

edited by

Jian Zhang

and

Michael Deyholos

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 2094 | Submission Open

Keywords: fiber plant; genetics; genomics; bioactive products; natural fibers; fatty acids; medical products; environmental and ecological effects of fiber plants

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Plant Sciences)

Novel Immunotherapies for Reshaping the Tumor Immune Microenvironment

edited by

Alessandro Canella

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 2069 | Submission Open

Keywords: TIME; TME; immunosuppression; inflammation; immune cells; immunotherapy; cancer immune evasion

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Oncology)

Exploring Molecular Insights in Oral Health and Disease

edited by

Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu

and

Tudor Claudiu Spînu

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 3 articles | Viewed by 2041 | Submission Open

Keywords: oral health; saliva; oral diseases; molecular insights; molecular targets; oral cavity physiology; wound healing; oral microbiome; oral biocompatibility; material interactions

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)

Molecular Mechanisms of Nephrotoxicity: From Environmental Toxins to Therapeutic Agents

edited by

Chih-Kang Chiang

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 1993 | Submission Open

Keywords: pesticides; emerging pollutants; environmental toxicants; therapeutic strategies; nephrology; toxicology; public health

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Toxicology)

Pharmacological Approaches in Inflammation, Aging, and Cardiovascular Diseases

edited by

Omer Dzemali

and

Era Gorica

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1975 | Submission Open

Keywords: inflammation; aging; cardiovascular diseases; approaches; translational research; therapeutic targets

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pharmacology)

The Role of Micronutrients in Cancer Prevention

edited by Jacek Baj

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1957 | Submission Open

Keywords: micronutrient; metallomics; metallomic analysis; nutrient; ICP-MS; ICP-OES; prevention; carcinogenesis

(This special issue belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)

Exosomes in the Processes of Tumorigenesis, Cancer Progression, Metastasis, and Treatment

edited by

Foteinos-Ioannis Dimitrakopoulos

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1794 | Submission Open

Keywords: exosomes; extracellular vesicles; metastasis; cancer; prognosis; prediction; biomarker; cancer treatment

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Oncology)

Investigating Gut Axes: Pathophysiological Functions and Therapeutic Strategies

edited by

Alessio Ardizzone

and

Sarah Adriana Scuderi

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1739 | Submission Open

Keywords: gut–brain axis; gut–heart axis; gut–liver axis; neurological diseases; cancer; novel and alternative therapies; biomarkers

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)

Advanced Research in Cancer Pharmacotherapy

edited by

Yavuz Silig

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 3 articles | Viewed by 1726 | Submission Open

Keywords: cancer pharmacotherapy; molecular oncology; biomarker discovery; tumour microenvironment; signalling pathways; drug resistance; multi-omics; translational research; targeted therapy; preclinical models

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Oncology)

Recent Molecular Research in Colitis

edited by

Pablo García-Miranda

and

María Vázquez-Carretero

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1705 | Submission Open

Keywords: colitis; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); gut-brain axis; intestinal barrier; molecular mechanisms

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)

Molecular Insights into Medicinal Fungi and Plants: From Bioactive Compounds to Therapeutic Mechanisms

edited by

Jasmina Glamočlija

and

Ana Ćirić

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 1692 | Submission Open

Keywords: medicinal fungi; medicinal plants; molecular mechanisms; bioactive compounds; metabolomics; phytochemistry; natural products; network pharmacology; molecular docking; functional foods; therapeutic development

(This special issue belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)

Molecular Regulation and Mechanisms of Nitric Oxide in Endothelial Cells and Beyond

edited by

Roberto Berra-Romani

and

Francesco Moccia

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1682 | Submission Open

Keywords: nitric oxide (NO); endothelial cells; endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS); vascular homeostasis; vasodilation; endothelial dysfunction; molecular signaling; vascular diseases; reactive oxygen species (ROS); nitric oxide regulation

(This special issue belongs to the Section Biochemistry)

Molecular Insights into Cerebrovascular Diseases

edited by

Mariagiovanna Cantone

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1629 | Submission Open

Keywords: cerebrovascular diseases; stroke; vascular dementia; molecular mechanisms; biomarkers; omics; therapeutic targets; translational medicine

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Neurobiology)

Advances in Surfactant Systems: Thermodynamics, Molecular Interactions, and Applications

edited by

Mihalj Poša

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1583 | Submission Open

Keywords: micelles; mixed micelles; thermodynamic functions of micellization; micellar solubilization; enthalpy–entropy compensation; boundary surface; Langmuir isotherm; theoretical models

(This special issue belongs to the Section Biochemistry)

Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses: Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms

edited by

Viviana Maresca

and

Alessia Postiglione

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 1532 | Submission Open

Keywords: plant stress; abiotic stress; biotic stress; oxidative stress; antioxidant enzymes; reactive oxygen species (ROS); phytoremediation; biomonitoring; secondary metabolites; molecular mechanisms; omics approaches; bryophytes; heavy metals; plant–microbe interactions

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Plant Sciences)

The Role of Dietary Fibre, Nutrition in Gastrointestinal Diseases

edited by

Sara Jarmakiewicz-Czaja

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1452 | Submission Open

Keywords: dietary fibre; gut microbiome; gastrointestinal disease; inflammatory bowel disease; nutrients; nutrition

(This special issue belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)

Relationships Between Diabetic Retinal Neuropathies and Vascular Pathologies in Diabetic Retinopathy

edited by

Steven Abcouwer

and David A. Antonetti

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 1425 | Submission Open

Keywords: retinal neurons; retinal vasculature; diabetic retinopathy; diabetic macular edema (DME); neurovascular coupling; neurovascular unit (NVU); diabetic vascular pathology; diabetic retinal neuropathy; diabetic retinal neurodegeneration; retinal thinning in diabetes; photoreceptor pathology in diabetes

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)

Functional (Pharmaco) Genomics and Genetics in Atrial Fibrillation Associated with Sudden Cardiac Death Syndromes

edited by

Hector Barajas-Martinez

and

Anthony Ashton

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1418 | Submission Open

Keywords: atrial fibrillation; sudden cardiac death syndromes; channelopathies

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Genetics and Genomics)

Molecular Mechanisms and Pathophysiology of Nerve Regeneration

edited by Fabian Szepanowski and Mark Stettner

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1341 | Submission Open

Keywords: nerve injury; nerve inflammation; autoimmune neuropathies; immune-mediated neuropathies; polyneuropathies; peripheral neuroinflammation; nerve regeneration; Schwann cell; Schwann cell differentiation; repair Schwann cell

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Neurobiology)

Advanced Composite Materials: Innovative Molecular Design, Cross-Scale Materials Characterization and Integrated Engineering Applications

edited by

Zhengzhi Mu

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1336 | Submission Open

Keywords: composite materials; molecular design; cross-scale characterization; advanced synthesis; integrated applications

(This special issue belongs to the Section Materials Science)

Design, Synthesis, Application and Mechanism of Functional Polymers

edited by Jingyuan Liu

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1335 | Submission Open

Keywords: functional polymers; polymer synthesis; structure–property relationship; molecular mode of actions; interfacial interaction; molecular design; smart materials; functional coatings; biomedical applications; energy storage

(This special issue belongs to the Section Materials Science)

Recent Advances in Rheumatic Diseases and Rheumatoid Arthritis

edited by

Ilaria Mormile

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 1332 | Submission Open

Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis; systemic lupus erythematous; systemic sclerosis; Sjögren’s syndrome; psoriatic arthritis; rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases; vasculitis; biological therapies

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Immunology)

Advances in Drug Discovery: Emerging Radiotracers and Small Molecule Inhibitors for Cancer and Neurological Disorders

edited by

Ramya Tokala

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1324 | Submission Open

Keywords: radiotracers; cytotoxic agents; drug discovery; molecular imaging; cancer therapy; neurological disorders; radiochemistry; medicinal chemistry; theranostics; drug development; molecular diagnostics

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pharmacology)

The Role of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) in Infection and Inflammation: 4th Edition

edited by

Ralf Kircheis

and

Oliver Planz

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 2 articles | Viewed by 1260 | Submission Open

Keywords: toll-like receptors (TLR); pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs); sepsis; bacterial infections; viral infections; Myd88; TRIF; NF-kappaB; COVID-19; coagulopathies

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Immunology)

Polymer Biocomposites: Synthesis, Applications and End-Life

edited by

Maria Chiara Mistretta

and

Manuela Ceraulo

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1202 | Submission Open

Keywords: polymer biocomposites; biodegradable polymers; molecular design and synthesis; functional modifications; biodegradation

(This special issue belongs to the Section Materials Science)

Lung Cancer: Molecular Basis and Treatment Strategies

edited by

Hamada A.A. Noreldeen

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | Viewed by 1132 | Submission Open

Keywords: adenocarcinoma; oncogenic drivers; precision oncology; signal transduction; tumor microenvironment; targeted therapy; resistance mechanisms; epigenetics; biomarker discovery; immunotherapy

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Oncology)

Neural Stem Cells as Tools for Therapies: Challenges and Future Perspectives

edited by

Daniele Bottai

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 1040 | Submission Open

Keywords: spinal cord injury; spinal muscular atrophy; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; neurological diseases; neural stem cell differentiation; cellular models; transplantation; trophic factor release

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)

Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Adhesion

edited by

Surajit Bhattacharjya

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | Viewed by 1009 | Submission Open

Keywords: cell adhesion; cell–cell communication; structures; drug discovery; integrins; cadherins; selectins

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Biophysics)

Amyloid-β: An Antimicrobial Defense Peptide

edited by

Anna Lia Asti

submission deadline 20 Oct 2026 | 1 articles | Viewed by 916 | Submission Open

Keywords: amyloid (Aß); aggregation prone regions (ARPs); lipopolysaccharide (LPS); amphipathic molecules; LL-37 peptide; neurodegeneration; aggregation inhibition; Alzheimer's disease (AD)

(This special issue belongs to the Section Molecular Biology)

Advanced Research in Crops: From Physiology to Breeding

edited by