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Purine Signaling as a Therapeutic Target in Human Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2026 | Viewed by 1426

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Bone and Joint Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
Interests: adenosine; receptors; rheumatoid arthritis; sarcopenia; bone biology; molecular mechanisms; osteoporosis; osteoarthritis; orthopedic surgery; eyes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is well known that adenosine and ATP play a dual role within the purinergic system. They mediate both energy storage and release through ATP and its phosphate hydrolysis to ADP and AMP, thereby meeting cellular energy demands and facilitating nucleotide assembly. Additionally, they serve as signaling molecules. Purine molecules bind to extracellular purinergic receptors, stimulate signaling pathways, and exert specific functions. Purinergic signaling interacts with other signal molecules in a complex network, regulating a wide variety of cellular processes. The pathological dysregulation of purinergic signaling has been observed in aging, as well as in the development of different diseases, including inflammation, neurodegeneration, and tumors. A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind purinergic signaling could lead to new and exciting perspectives on the treatment of human diseases. In launching this Special Issue, we hope to highlight recent advances in this field, with a focus on less-known areas, if only to allow them to be explored in greater depth. We invite the submission of original papers on purinergic signaling in human diseases, as well as narrative reviews, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews, for this Special Issue.

Dr. Aránzazu Mediero
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • disease
  • adenosine
  • ATP
  • receptors
  • transporters
  • therapeutics
  • molecular mechanisms

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

34 pages, 6385 KB  
Article
Antisense Dipeptide Repeat Proteins Drive Widescale Purine Metabolism Aberration in C9orf72 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis via ADA
by Benjamin Hall, Lydia Castelli, Adrian Higginbottom, Jingxuan He, Ling-Nan Zou, Heather Walker, Miriam Yagüe-Capilla, Kari E. Wong, David J. Burrows, Jonathan George, Keaton Hamer, Jenny M. Tanner, Ergita Kyrgiou-Balli, Rees Ross, Herbie Garland, Erin Tonkiss, Rachel George, Christopher P. Webster, Emma F. Smith, Hannah O. Timmons, Jess Allsop, Nikolas Stefanidis, Billie D. Ward, Ya-Hui Lin, J. Robin Highley, Mimoun Azzouz, Ryan J. H. West, Sean G. Rudd, Kurt J. De Vos, Pamela J. Shaw, Guillaume M. Hautbergue and Scott P. Allenadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(4), 1953; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27041953 - 18 Feb 2026
Viewed by 989
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by the death of motor neurons leading to paralysis and death, generally 3–5 years post-symptom onset. The most frequent genetic cause of ALS is a hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) in the chromosome 9 open [...] Read more.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by the death of motor neurons leading to paralysis and death, generally 3–5 years post-symptom onset. The most frequent genetic cause of ALS is a hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) in the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) gene, that has three major hypothesised pathological mechanisms including the production of dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). Our laboratory has previously identified purine metabolism dysfunction in induced neural progenitor cell-derived astrocytes (iAstrocytes) from C9orf72 ALS (C9-ALS) cases (C9-iAstrocytes), driven by loss of the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). Here, we have demonstrated that loss of ADA along with changes to ecto-5′-nucleotidase and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase led to disruption in purine metabolite levels including purine dNTP output. These changes were recapitulated in patient CSF, whilst loss of ADA was recapitulated in patient white matter. Immunofluorescence also demonstrated purinosome formation dysfunction in C9-iAstrocytes. These changes are likely driven by DPRs as ADA loss was recapitulated in in vitro and in vivo DPR models. Finally, ADA levels could be recovered by reducing DPR levels either by inhibiting serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 or overexpressing RuvB-like 2. Our data demonstrate that DPR production negatively affects purine function in C9-ALS suggesting a potentially pivotal role for purine metabolism dysfunction in C9-ALS pathology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Purine Signaling as a Therapeutic Target in Human Diseases)
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