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Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses: Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2026 | Viewed by 891

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
Interests: plant stress; biomonitoring; protection against environmental stresses; phytoremediation; essentials oils; biological activity of secondary metabolites
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants face numerous environmental stresses, both abiotic (e.g., drought, salinity, temperature extremes, heavy metals, pollutants, UV radiation) and biotic (e.g., pathogens, herbivores), which strongly affect their growth, development, and productivity. These challenges threaten agricultural yields, food security, and ecosystem stability. To survive, plants have evolved complex physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms involving stress perception, signaling pathways, gene expression reprogramming, osmoprotectant accumulation, secondary metabolite synthesis, and antioxidant defenses. Understanding these adaptive mechanisms is essential for developing stress-tolerant crops and improving strategies for biomonitoring and phytoremediation. In the context of accelerating climate change, unraveling how plants sense and respond to multiple stressors has become an urgent research priority with significant ecological and socio-economic implications.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) aims to collect high-quality original research articles and reviews that provide new insights into the molecular and physiological bases of plant responses to environmental stresses. Consistent with IJMS’s mission to advance molecular biology through interdisciplinary research, the contributions will enhance understanding of stress perception, signaling, and adaptation processes. This Special Issue welcomes original articles, short communications, and reviews addressing topics such as plant physiological and biochemical responses to abiotic stress; signaling pathways involving hormones and transcription factors; reactive oxygen species and antioxidant systems; metabolic and secondary metabolite adjustments; omics-based stress studies; plant–microbe interactions; non-model plant ecophysiology; and applications in phytoremediation, biomonitoring, and crop improvement.

Dr. Viviana Maresca
Dr. Alessia Postiglione
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • plant stress
  • abiotic stress
  • biotic stress
  • oxidative stress
  • antioxidant enzymes
  • reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • phytoremediation
  • biomonitoring
  • secondary metabolites
  • molecular mechanisms
  • omics approaches
  • bryophytes
  • heavy metals
  • plant–microbe interactions

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 6417 KB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Salt Tolerance Analysis of the SKS Gene Family in Soybean
by Fanglei He, Qiulian Lu, Weijie Hu, Weiliang Chen, Jianping Zhai, Jingyu Wu, Shuhan Chen, Ting Liao, Ziqi Zhu, Sisi Zheng, Chao Fang and Lingshuang Wang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(6), 2522; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062522 - 10 Mar 2026
Viewed by 528
Abstract
The Skewed5 Similar (SKS) genes play a crucial role in plant growth and development, as well as in responding to abiotic stress, by regulating cell wall remodeling and maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. The SKS gene family has not yet [...] Read more.
The Skewed5 Similar (SKS) genes play a crucial role in plant growth and development, as well as in responding to abiotic stress, by regulating cell wall remodeling and maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. The SKS gene family has not yet been thoroughly studied in soybean. We conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of 88 GmSKS genes, systematically elucidating their gene structures, conserved protein domains, collinearity relationships, and phylogenetic relationships, to identify potential candidate genes associated with soybean tolerance to salt stress. The GmSKS genes are distributed across 18 chromosomes, and the expansion of this gene family is primarily attributed to the combined effects of tandem duplications and segmental duplications. Different tissue-specific expression patterns among GmSKS members were identified using expression profiling. Analysis of cis-regulatory elements further revealed that the promoter region may be involved in plant hormone signaling pathways and responses to abiotic stress. Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that 21 of the 22 examined GmSKS genes were significantly upregulated under salt stress, while one was significantly downregulated. This expression pattern may be linked to salt tolerance mechanisms in soybean under stress conditions. Haplotype and selection trend analyses of GmSKSs revealed that varieties carrying GmSKS51123G, GmSKS221727G, GmSKS4350T and GmSKS711213T are highly enriched in cultivated soybeans and have undergone artificial selection. This study provides basic information for the identification of salt stress-responsive gene resources of GmSKS family genes, and provides novel theoretical insights for the functional identification and cloning of soybean salt tolerance-related genes. Full article
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