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In recent decades, significant advancements in pharmacological, catheter-based, and surgical reperfusion technologies have markedly improved outcomes for individuals undergoing acute myocardial infarction. Despite these remarkable progressions, a seg...

In cardiac surgery, poststernotomy pain is a significant issue, peaking within 48 h and requiring proper analgesia for both acute relief and avoidance of chronicization. Opioids are commonly used for pain management postsurgery but pose risks such as...

Catheter ablation (CA) was found to outperform antiarrhythmic drug therapy (AAD), and it is a key treatment for rhythm control for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). Nevertheless, the procedure’s effectiveness is limited by rec...

The benefits of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) have been demonstrated in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD); however, the optimal training intensity is not yet fully clarified. The purpose of this study was to review the impact of IMT int...

Six patients in our clinical program who were diagnosed with high burden (>10%) premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and concomitant significant upper GI disease with no other significant cardiac history demonstrated a significant reduction i...

Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a life-threatening disorder that involves a complex interplay between the two organs. Managing this multifaceted syndrome is challenging in the hospital and requires a multidisciplinary approach to tackle the many manife...

There is emerging evidence to suggest that diet and dietary interventions can have an impact on heart failure (HF) outcomes. Currently, the restriction of salt intake is the only dietary advice that is consistently guideline-recommended for the manag...

Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an ominous cardiovascular sequel to chronic hypertension, marked by structural and functional alterations in the heart. Identified as a significant risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes, LV...

Cardiac arrest remains a leading cause of death worldwide and is a global health crisis. First described in the medical literature in the 18th century, modern cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with closed chest compressions has remained the standar...

Cardiac iron overload is a rare but important adverse consequence of systemic iron overload, marked by the abnormal accumulation of iron in the myocardium. It is most typically caused by hereditary hemochromatosis (mutations in the HFE gene) or secon...

Artificial intelligence, specifically advanced language models such as ChatGPT, have the potential to revolutionize various aspects of healthcare, medical education, and research. In this review, we evaluate the myriad applications of artificial inte...

Recent advancements in disease modeling for myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary artery disease (CAD) have significantly enhanced our understanding of cardiovascular pathology and therapeutic development. This review comprehensively reviews the in...

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality in the United States. The increasing number of cancer patients experiencing cardiovascular side effects from chemotherapeutic drugs is a cause for concern. Trastuzumab is a highly effective tar...

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is responsible for one of the worst pandemics in human history. The causative virus, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can invade host cells in multiple organs by binding the angiotens...

Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini are being increasingly adopted in medicine; however, their reliability in cardiology remains underexplored. Purpose of the study: To compare the performance of three general...

Germline mutations in Breast cancer susceptibility genes 1 and 2 (BRCA1 and BRCA2) cause breast, ovarian, and other cancers, and the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used to treat these cancers. However, Dox use is limited by the lat...

Endocarditis is a severe infection affecting the heart’s inner layer, the endocardium. Its pathophysiology may involve heart valve damage, bacteria adhesion and biofilm formation, potentially leading to fatal complications. Bacteria from variou...

Background: Even though beta-blockers had been used as a first-line therapy for hypertension, since the late 1960s, the Eighth Joint National Committee, JNC 8, decided to recommend them no longer. This decision was based on relatively weak evidence f...

Background/Objectives: Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD), with various non-invasive imaging modalities also available. Machine learning (ML) methods are increasingly applied to...

Background: Patients with chronic heart failure often experience repeated acute exacerbations leading to high rates of rehospitalization. Therefore, the management of patients to prevent rehospitalization and retain their physical function is importa...

(1) Background: Arrhythmias, or irregular heart rhythms, are a prevalent cardiovascular condition and are diagnosed using electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Advances in deep learning have enabled automated analysis of these signals. However, the effect...

Cardiac angiosarcoma is the most common malignant tumor of the heart. The typical clinical profile is a young male with 30–50 years of age. Due to varied clinical presentation, it can disguise common cardiovascular disorders, such as pericardit...

The mortality of patients with MI has significantly decreased in recent decades, mainly due to early reperfusion therapy with a probability of surviving of more than 90% if the patient reaches the hospital [...]

Background/Objectives: Heart failure (HF) often develops from a prolonged asymptomatic phase where early detection could prevent progression. Pre-heart failure (pre-HF) populations—those with risk factors (Stage A) or subclinical myocardial cha...

Background/Objectives: Heart failure presents a significant public health challenge, affecting millions in the US, with projections of increasing prevalence and economic burdens. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent among HF patients. Th...

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death worldwide, and they still have dramatic consequences on the patients’ lives. Murine models are often used to study the anatomical and microstructural changes caused by the diseases. Con...

Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), originally developed for type II diabetes mellitus, have recently been approved for the treatment of heart failure in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients due to their significant cardiovascular...

The epicardium is a very dynamic cardiac layer with pivotal contributions during cardiogenesis, acting in the postnatal period as an apparently dormant single-cell layer. In mammalian embryos, the epicardium, which originates form the proepicardium,...

Background/Objectives: The complexity of Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery (MIMVS) could cause a slow learning curve and potentially patient harm. We thus investigated if a novice mitral valve center encountered difficulties implementing MIMVS....

Background: Both valvular heart disease (VHD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently coexist. AF is an important cause of arrhythmias with a definitive cardiovascular morbidity. The use of either vitamin K antagonists (VKAs/warfarin) or direct oral...

The field of cardio-oncology is an expanding frontier within cardiovascular medicine, and the need for evidence-based guidelines is apparent. One of the emerging focuses within cardio-oncology is the concomitant use of medications for cardioprotectio...

Background: Infected aortic aneurysms pose significant therapeutic challenges, given the fragility of infected aneurysmal tissue. Mycotic aneurysms caused by Streptococcus agalactiae are rare and may progress in the absence of classical systemic infe...

Atrial fibrillation is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia influenced by multifactorial mechanisms, including the emerging role of epicardial adipose tissue. Left atrial epicardial adipose tissue, through its endocrine and paracrine activities, contribute...

A mature Caucasian patient, an endurance-trained triathlete (age group), had a routine ECG. The patient was immediately referred to Emergency based on supposed ECG abnormalities indicating a heart attack. This diagnosis was quickly dismissed based on...

Background: Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI)-dependent atrial flutter (AFL) is the most common atrial macro-reentrant tachycardia, characterized by a typical ECG pattern (type I ECG). Often, tachycardia terminates before it can be confirmed by an electrop...

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart malformation in adults, but it can also cause childhood-onset complications. The presentation and clinical course of young adults who present due to BAV complications are relatively unch...

Cardiomyopathies are major causes of heart failure. Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and it is endemic in Central and South America. Thirty percent of cases evolve into chronic chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), which has wo...

Background: Left ventricular myocardial work (MW) derived from non-invasive pressure–strain loops has emerged as a load-adjusted index of contractile performance. Its value for risk stratification in advanced heart failure (HF) remains uncertai...

A 67-year-old man started treatment due to frequent asymptomatic premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) accidentally being registered during a preventive examination by a specialist, because of which he was referred to cardiologist. During the initia...

Heart failure, a common clinical syndrome caused by functional and structural abnormalities of the heart, affects 64 million people worldwide. Long-term mechanical circulatory support can offer lifesaving treatment for end-stage systolic heart failur...

Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (TTR-CA) is a pathological condition characterized by the accumulation of misfolded transthyretin (TTR) protein in the heart, leading to restrictive cardiomyopathy. TTR-CA has gained increasing recognition in recent...

Tricuspid atresia (TA) is a cyanotic congenital heart defect defined by agenesis of the tricuspid valve and resultant right ventricular hypoplasia, representing 1.4–2.9% of congenital heart disease. Survival depends on interatrial and intervent...

Background/objectives: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major global health issue primarily caused by the rupture or erosion of vulnerable coronary plaques. Non-invasive identification of these plaques through coronary computed tomography angiograp...

In the thrombolytic care era, myocardial infarction in cigarette smokers was associated with better six-month outcomes compared to non-smokers. Aims: We tested the hypothesis that in patients with anterior myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevat...

Chronic heart failure (HF) is the 21st-century cardiovascular epidemic, marked by recurrent hospitalizations and high mortality rates, and represents a considerable burden on Western societies. The complex care demands of HF patients require multidis...

Despite its significant impact on patients’ lives and the healthcare system, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has long been overshadowed by other cardiovascular diseases [...]

Background: Balloon aortic valvuloplasty is a procedure for treating aortic stenosis, as well as being a preliminary step before transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Balloon aortic valvuloplasty requires inserting a balloon catheter into the aort...

Background: Recent studies have suggested an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) following daylight saving time (DST) transitions in cohorts of American and European patients. We aim to validate this finding in a Canadian population....

Background: Coronary microvascular disease is associated with adverse prognosis in a range of cardiovascular diseases, but its prognostic role in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) is unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to...

Background: This study aims to evaluate the impact of critical illness, defined as the need for preoperative intensive care unit (ICU) admission for invasive monitoring or organ support, on cardiac surgery outcomes for patients with acute infective e...