Thermal analyses using Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) play a crucial role in supporting the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), as small thermal fibers are the first to be affected in such cases. This study presents the development...
Apoptosis plays an important role in sepsis-associated immune dysfunction, particularly through lymphocyte depletion and the development of persistent immunosuppression. This review examines apoptosis-associated biomarkers in sepsis, distinguishing r...
Circulating bile pigments are routinely measured in human and veterinary medicine, toxicology, pharmacology, and biomedical studies, as they are consolidated biomarkers of liver dysfunction and hemolysis and emerging biomarkers of biological response...
Measuring bite force is essential for assessing the masticatory system and diagnosing oral disease. Existing measurement devices have low spatial resolution and susceptibility to electromagnetic interference. This paper presents a machine learning (M...
Dielectrophoretic (DEP) enrichment is a powerful strategy to enhance bacterial capture efficiency and accelerate the response of electrochemical biosensors by actively concentrating target bioparticles at the sensing interface. In this study, a combi...
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with chlorin-based photosensitizers requires real-time monitoring of photosensitizer distribution and photobleaching to guide treatment, yet existing endoscopic fluorescence systems rely on short-wavelength (375–450 n...
For the diagnosis of diabetes, glycemic control, treatment modification, and the avoidance of both acute and long-term consequences, accurate glucose monitoring is crucial. This study examines the development of glucose-monitoring systems, from tradi...
Sweat electrolytes, including Na+, K+, and Cl−, provide dynamic information on exercise-induced fluid and electrolyte regulation. Wearable ion-selective electrode (ISE) platforms now enable continuous, in situ monitoring of these ions, but perf...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. For accurate diagnosis, pathologists use immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for biomarkers such as human epidermal growth factor recep...
Given the prevalent use of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as an enzyme label in immunoassays, the practical importance of point-of-care testing for the portable identification of HRP-related biomarkers is evident. Accordingly, this study devised a port...
Background: Wearable sweat biosensors have emerged as a promising non-invasive approach for monitoring inflammatory biomarkers, offering an alternative to repeated blood sampling. This systematic review evaluated the current evidence on the detection...
Conventional migraine treatments often come with undesirable side effects. One alternative approach uses a wearable neuromodulation device that stimulates nerves in the forehead. However, clinical studies have reported modest effectiveness, and some...
Gallium nitride (GaN) high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) biosensors have recently emerged as promising platforms for highly sensitive and label-free detection of biomolecules. Their exceptional electrical properties, including high carrier mobi...
A point-of-care pathogen-microscopy readout must signal when a sample falls outside what its detector was trained on. PathoSafe is an 816-byte int8-projection low-rank Mahalanobis out-of-distribution (OOD) head reading a frozen detector’s penul...
Acoustofluidics has emerged as a powerful technique for the precise generation, sorting, manipulation, and stimulation of cell-laden droplets within emerging droplet microfluidic studies. Droplet acoustofluidics leverages various mechanisms, includin...
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of cells located between retinal photoreceptors and the choroid, playing a critical role in maintaining visual function by protecting the retina and supporting photoreceptor metabolism. Damage to RP...
Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature, and microbial activities are closely intertwined with the entire life cycle system and human life. Developing novel technologies for the detection, characterization and manipulation of microorganisms promotes...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia worldwide, characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory impairment, and functional deterioration. With the rapid growth of the a...
Depressive symptoms are prevalent in university students, yet scalable screening is constrained by self-report and intermittent assessment. Wearable monitoring of motion and light offers an objective alternative, though their combined screening chara...
A biosensing system relying on asymmetric PCR (aPCR) and PAM-independent recognition of single-stranded DNA amplicons by a Cas12a/gRNA complex is adapted for on-site nucleic acid testing (NAT). aPCR was performed on a low-cost, portable, smartphone-c...
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as a powerful analytical platform for breast cancer (BC) detection, offering ultrasensitive, multiplexed, and label-free molecular recognition. However, despite the rapid expansion of the field,...
Efficient evaluation of aptamer candidates after systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) remains limited by the time and cost required for direct kinetic characterization. We developed a centrifugal microspin filtration (MSF...
Mulberry mosaic dwarf-associated virus (MMDaV), a member of the genus Mulcrilevirus in the family Geminiviridae, poses a serious threat to mulberry cultivation and growth in China. Early and accurate diagnosis is a prerequisite for the effective prev...
Salvianolic acid B is an important bioactive biomarker in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Current methods for its quantitation are time- and cost-consuming; a rapid and reliable method is urgently needed. In this work, we have developed a simpl...
Closed-loop insulin delivery, or the artificial pancreas, has evolved from an ambitious engineering concept into one of the most consequential advances in diabetes technology. By integrating continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pumps, and control a...
Drug-resistant tuberculosis remains a major challenge to tuberculosis control, particularly in settings with limited access to conventional molecular testing. This study developed and preliminarily evaluated RR-TB GoldDx and Hr-TB GoldDx, rapid visua...
Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation is an important hemorheological property that influences blood viscosity, microcirculation, and stored-blood quality. However, conventional measurements commonly require repeated flow cessation or flow-rate modulation...
A decline in olfactory ability represents one of the earliest signs of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can be valuable information for early diagnosis at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Nevertheless, the underlying neurophysiological...
In this study, we used the SERS method for the first time to measure the spectra of four polysaccharide markers of fungal infections: linear β-(1→3)- and β-(1→6)-linked D-glucans, branched mannan of Candida albicans and galactoman...
Monitoring bacterial contamination on surfaces is critical for hygiene and safety assurance in food, healthcare, and pharmaceutical settings, although routine methods still remain slow and laboratory dependent. Here, we report a portable respirometri...
Sensitive detection of treatment-associated Raman spectral alterations in tumor tissues remains challenging, particularly when such changes are not readily apparent from conventional morphological evaluation. Here, we developed a label-free Raman bio...
Accurate classification of lymphoma cell subtypes is essential for disease diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making, yet conventional approaches often rely on fluorescence labeling, labor-intensive sample preparation, and specialized instrumentation...
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat driven in part by inappropriate and unnecessary antibiotic use resulting from diagnostic uncertainty at the point of care. In outpatient and acute-care settings, clinicians are often un...
Versatile nanostructured materials based on electrochemically etched porous silicon (pSi) are being developed, which have tuneable pore morphology and unique optical and electrochemical properties that enable their effective biosensing applications....
Liver disease represents a significant global health burden, and its effective management relies on early, accurate diagnosis. Established assessments for liver diseases, ranging from invasive biopsies to conventional noninvasive imaging (e.g., ultra...
Wearable inertial sensors have become tools for objectively assessing mobility in older people. This study analyzed whether wearable inertial sensors could detect exercise-induced mobility changes and compared the effects of multicomponent training (...
Nanoneedle arrays provide a promising interface for intracellular delivery, yet scalable control of array geometry and membrane penetration mechanics remains insufficiently understood. Here, we developed a rapid and scalable strategy for fabricating...
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) may be illegally added to milk to delay visible spoilage, producing concentration-dependent changes in its refractive index. This study numerically evaluates the optical response of a B-sil/Al/Al2O3/WS2 surface plasmon resona...
Rapid identification of free thiols is essential in pharmaceutical quality control and food safety. Herein, we demonstrate the sensing concept of “two signals from one event” by exploiting the intrinsic dual functionality of selenium (Se)...
Precise quantification of respiratory pathogen transmission is urgently needed to underpin disease surveillance and support diagnostic decision-making in indoor healthcare settings. Although numerical simulations are widely used to study macro-scale...
A miniature label-free biosensor based on a chemically etched single-mode optical fiber (SMF) is reported for the detection of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), a salivary biomarker of active periodontitis with a clinical decision threshold of 20 n...
Background: Rapid screening of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is essential for monitoring exposure to organophosphate compounds, particularly in field settings where access to laboratory infrastructure is limited. This study aimed to develop...
Saxitoxin (STX) is a highly potent marine biotoxin, and trace contamination in aquatic environments can pose serious risks to human health. Therefore, reliable detection of low-concentration STX is crucial for water safety monitoring. Here, we develo...
Microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery enables painless and efficient drug administration but is limited by insufficient mechanical strength and high insertion forces. Inspired by the efficient penetration capability of cactus spines, this study...
Fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) provides direct non-invasive assessment of fetal cardiac electrophysiology, enabling detailed evaluation of cardiac rhythm, conduction, and repolarization. However, the clinical adoption of conventional fMCG has been...
Continuous physiological monitoring can support pilot-state assessment, but routine cockpit use requires sensing approaches that are both unobtrusive and physiologically reliable. Wearable ECG (wECG) provides stable cardiac recordings through skin-co...
Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) is challenging in low-resource settings because access to colonoscopy and centralized laboratory testing is limited. Urine-based metabolite biomarkers offer a non-invasive alternative for CRC triage, but tra...
Monitoring prognostic biomarkers is essential for evaluating cancer treatment efficacy in real time. Here, we present a rapid, proof-of-concept microfluidic assay for cancer biomarker quantification and functional therapy evaluation. The assay requir...
Marine ecosystems face escalating threats from heavy metals, harmful algal bloom toxins, pathogens, and antibiotic resistance genes, yet conventional detection methods remain laboratory-dependent and incapable of real-time, multiplexed field monitori...
Nanostructured carbon materials are low-dimensional systems relevant to oncology biosensing, with their utility arising from an electronic structure coupled to defect and edge states, a charge-transfer behavior and optical response that report molecu...
