Bioengineering, Volume 11, Issue 10

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold immense therapeutic potential due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. However, to utilize this potential, it is crucial to optimize their in vitro cultivation conditions. Three-dimensional (3D) cu...

Early diagnosis and treatment of surgical wound infection can be challenging. This is especially relevant in the management of periprosthetic joint infection: early detection is key to success and reducing morbidity, mortality and resource use. &lsqu...

This paper presents a real-time wearable system designed to assist Parkinson’s disease patients experiencing freezing of gait episodes. The system utilizes advanced machine learning models, including convolutional and recurrent neural networks,...

Accurate segmentation of thyroid nodules in ultrasound images is crucial for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer and preoperative planning. However, the segmentation of thyroid nodules is challenging due to their irregular shape, blurred boundary, and un...

Microbially influenced corrosion represents a critical challenge to the integrity and durability of carbon steel infrastructure, particularly in environments conducive to biofilm formation by nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB). This study investigated t...

Nocturnal sympathetic overdrive is an early indicator of cardiovascular (CV) disease, emphasizing the importance of reliable remote patient monitoring (RPM) for autonomic function during sleep. To be effective, RPM systems must be accurate, non-intru...

Infertility affects a significant number of humans. A supported reproduction technology was verified to ease infertility problems. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is one of the best choices, and its success relies on the preference for a higher-quality...

The integration of deep learning into radiology has the potential to enhance diagnostic processes, yet its acceptance in clinical practice remains limited due to various challenges. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a fine-tuned large language...

Kinesiology, as an interdisciplinary field, emphasizes the study of human physical activity, with a particular focus on biomechanics and sports science [...]

Lower back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent health losses in adults worldwide. Historically, heat has been successfully used for treating pain and relieving tight muscles. Given the effective contact with the occupant’s back and proximit...

This study aimed to evaluate the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) spheroids combined with the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in a mouse femur fracture model. To begin, MSC spheroids were generated, and the expression of k...

Background: Ensemble tree-based models such as Xgboost are highly prognostic in cardiovascular medicine, as measured by the Clinical Effectiveness Metric (CEM). However, their ability to handle correlated data, such as hospital-level effects, is limi...

Stem cell fate decisions, including proliferation, differentiation, morphological changes, and viability, are impacted by microenvironmental cues such as physical and biochemical signals. However, the specific impact of matrix elasticity on kidney ce...

Walking, a basic physical movement of the human body, is a resource for observers in forming interpersonal impressions. We have previously investigated the expression and perception of the attractiveness of female gaits. In this paper, drawing on our...

Diagnosing atypical pigmented facial lesions (aPFLs) is a challenging topic for dermatologists. Accurate diagnosis of these lesions is crucial for effective patient management, especially in dermatology, where visual assessment plays a central role....

In the present study, a customized device (Epi-ExPer) was designed and fabricated to facilitate an epithelial organ culture, allowing for controlled exposure to exogenous chemical stimuli and accommodating the evaluation of permeation of the tissue a...

Medical image segmentation plays a critical role in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning, enabling precise analysis across a wide range of clinical tasks. This review begins by offering a comprehensive overview of traditional segmentation techni...

Atherosclerosis, as the main root cause, makes cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) a substantial worldwide health concern. Inflammation and disrupted cholesterol metabolism are the primary clinical risk elements contributing to the onset of atherosclerosi...

This paper presents a deep-learning architecture for segmenting retinal fluids in patients with Diabetic Macular Oedema (DME) and Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Accurate segmentation of multiple fluid types is critical for diagnosis and trea...

Spinal medical image segmentation is critical for diagnosing and treating spinal disorders. However, ambiguity in anatomical boundaries and interfering factors in medical images often cause segmentation errors. Current deep learning models cannot ful...

As an essential thrombolytic agent, the tissue plasminogen activator receives increasing attention due to its longer half-life, lower immunogenicity, and easier administration, which are superior to other thrombolytic agents. In this study, the isola...

Targeted drug delivery has emerged as a transformative approach in the treatment of periorbital skin malignancies, offering the potential for enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects compared to traditional therapies. This review provides a compreh...

Harnessing thermal technology has opened up new possibilities in biomedicine in areas such as cancer treatment, biopreservation, and assisted reproduction [...]

The authors regret to pinpoint two editorial errors in [...]

Estimating human joint angles is a crucial task in motion analysis, gesture recognition, and motion intention prediction. This paper presents a novel model-based approach for generating reliable and accurate human joint angle estimation using a dual-...

Two of the greatest challenges in breast reconstruction are mastectomy skin flap necrosis (MSFN) and autologous flap failure. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the usage of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in breast reconstruction...

Polyaxial locking systems are widely used for strategic surgical placement, particularly in cases of osteoporotic bones, comminuted fractures, or when avoiding pre-existing prosthetics. However, studies suggest that polyaxiality negatively impacts sy...

In many cases, the etiopathogenesis of oral cavity diseases depends on the presence of variants in some genes. Being able to identify these variants defines the possibilities and limits of therapies. This multidisciplinary case describes several path...

This study evaluates the thermal impact of a one-drill protocol for osteotomy preparation in dental implant surgery. Our findings demonstrate a significant reduction in heat generation compared to traditional sequential drilling, suggesting potential...

Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common cause of low back pain, especially in the elderly, and accurate diagnosis is critical for effective treatment. However, manual diagnosis using MRI images is time consuming and subjective, leading t...

This study used epigenomic methylation differential expression analysis to identify primary biomarkers in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We combined electronic medical record datasets from MIMIC-IV (United States) and NHIRD (Taiwa...

Tendons enable movement through their highly aligned extracellular matrix (ECM), predominantly composed of collagen I. Tendinopathies disrupt the structural integrity of tendons by causing fragmentation of collagen fibers, disorganization of fiber bu...

Ocular artifacts, including blinks and saccades, pose significant challenges in the analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) data, often obscuring crucial neural signals. This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide to the most effective methods for...

Wound healing is a complex and precisely regulated process that encompasses multiple stages, including inflammation, anti-inflammation, and tissue repair. It involves various cells and signaling molecules, with macrophages demonstrating a significant...

Ensemble Learning (EL) has been used for almost ten years to classify heart diseases, but it is still difficult to grasp how the “black boxes”, or non-interpretable models, behave inside. Predicting heart disease is crucial to healthcare,...

Unmet needs in the treatment of chronic otitis media and Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) triggered the development of stents for the Eustachian tube (ET). In this study, for the first time, stents were placed in an artificially blocked ET to evalua...

The segmentation of teeth in 3D dental scans is difficult due to variations in teeth shapes, misalignments, occlusions, or the present dental appliances. Existing methods consistently adhere to geometric representations, omitting the perceptual aspec...

Background: Brain biopsy is required for the accurate specification and further diagnosis of intracranial findings. The conventional stereotactic frames are used clinically for biopsies and offer the highest possible precision. Unfortunately, they co...

The clinical manifestations of ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) bear resemblance to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), yet their treatments and prognoses are quite different. Early differentiation between these conditions yields positive outcomes, but the go...

Within the healthy human body, cells reside within the physiological environment of a tissue compound. Here, they are subject to constant low levels of mechanical stress that can influence the growth and differentiation of the cells. The liposuction...

Ocular surface disease (OSD) is a frequent disabling challenge among patients with glaucoma who use benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-containing topical glaucoma medications for prolonged periods. In this comprehensive review, we evaluated the prevalence o...

In reconstructive surgery following partial mandibulectomy, the biomechanical integrity of the fibula free flap applied to the remaining mandibular region directly influences the prognosis of the surgery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the...

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are tiny materials with special features such as high electric conductivity, catalytic activity, antimicrobial activity, and optical activity. Published reports demonstrate their utilization in various fields, including b...

Microfluidic systems offer controlled microenvironments for cell-to-cell and cell-to-stroma interactions, which have precise physiological, biochemical, and mechanical features. The optimization of their conditions to best resemble tumor microenviron...

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men and a leading cause of death worldwide. Early detection is vital, as it often presents with vague symptoms such as nocturia and poor urinary stream. Diagnostic tools like PSA tests, ultrasound,...

Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a major cause of visual impairment, particularly in Asia. Although effective screening tools are necessary, the current gold standard is complex and time-consuming, requiring extensive expertise. Artificial in...

Objective: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a common and challenging complication following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), occurring in 2% to 46% of cases. Despite various pancreaticojejunostomy techniques, an effective method to prevent POP...

The purpose of this study was to compare the surface changes and shear bond strength between a resin composite and two zirconia ceramics subjected to sandblasting and forming gas (5% H₂ in N₂) plasma surface treatment. Two types of zirconia ceramic s...

The development of the finite element method (FEM) combined block polynomial interpolation with the concepts of finite difference formats and the variation principle. Because of this combination, the FEM overcomes the shortcomings of traditional vari...

Periapical radiographs are routinely used in dental practice for diagnosis and treatment planning purposes. However, they often suffer from artifacts, distortions, and superimpositions, which can lead to potential misinterpretations. Thus, an automat...