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Volume 14, July
 
 

Biology, Volume 14, Issue 8 (August 2025) – 2 articles

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20 pages, 1443 KiB  
Article
Synergistic Role of Selenium and Boron in Enhancing Salinity Tolerance and Secondary Metabolite Accumulation in Oregano
by Mahmut Camlica
Biology 2025, 14(8), 906; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology14080906 (registering DOI) - 22 Jul 2025
Abstract
The present work was performed in greenhouse conditions, and 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm B, and 100 mM salinity treatments were used. The results showed significant variations in the agronomic traits of oregano among the treatments and harvests. The 10 ppm Se×10 ppm [...] Read more.
The present work was performed in greenhouse conditions, and 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm B, and 100 mM salinity treatments were used. The results showed significant variations in the agronomic traits of oregano among the treatments and harvests. The 10 ppm Se×10 ppm B treatment showed improvements over other properties for morphological and yield properties with protein, essential oil, and Zn contents, and B×salinity outperformed other treatments, with variations in branch number enhancement. The analysis revealed that salinity treatment could effectively enhance Na and Ca contents. B treatment significantly improved Mn (12,443.51–18,739.77 ppm), Mg (406.85–632.79 ppm), Fe (61.43–885.06 ppm), Cu (5.02–9.32 ppm), and B (37.67–114.28 ppm) element contents. The highest K content was found from Se treatment. The effects of the Se, B, and salinity treatments showed effectively after second and third harvests of the oregano for the many examined properties. Fresh and dry weight values showed variability between 1.60–6.00 g/plant and 0.54–2.42 g/plant, respectively. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that most of the properties took place in the groups 1 (1st harvests of plant height and protein content, 2nd harvests of protein content and fresh and dry weight, 3rd harvest of fresh weight and total fresh and dry weight values) and 2 (branch number and essential oil contents, Na, and Zn). The heat-map analysis divided into two main clusters as A and B. A2, A4, and A5 treatments took place in the B group. Treatment of 10 ppm Se×10 ppm B showed better values compared to other treatments. Thus, this treatment may be beneficial for oregano cultivation under non-saline conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Plant Science)
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18 pages, 1947 KiB  
Article
Whole-Genome Sequencing and Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Analysis of Novel Entomopathogenic Bacteria Xenorhabdus thailandensis ALN 7.1 and ALN 11.5
by Wipanee Meesil, Jiranun Ardpairin, Liam K. R. Sharkey, Sacha J. Pidot, Apichat Vitta and Aunchalee Thanwisai
Biology 2025, 14(8), 905; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology14080905 (registering DOI) - 22 Jul 2025
Abstract
Xenorhabdus species are entomopathogenic bacteria that live in symbiosis with Steinernema nematodes and produce a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites. This study aimed to characterize the complete genomes and biosynthetic potential of two novel Xenorhabdus isolates, ALN7.1 and ALN11.5, recovered from Steinernema [...] Read more.
Xenorhabdus species are entomopathogenic bacteria that live in symbiosis with Steinernema nematodes and produce a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites. This study aimed to characterize the complete genomes and biosynthetic potential of two novel Xenorhabdus isolates, ALN7.1 and ALN11.5, recovered from Steinernema lamjungense collected in Northern Thailand. High-quality genome assemblies were generated, and phylogenomic comparisons confirmed that both isolates belonged to the recently described species Xenorhabdus thailandensis. The assembled genomes were approximately 4.02 Mb in size, each comprising a single circular chromosome with a GC content of 44.6% and encoding ~3800 protein-coding sequences, consistent with the features observed in other members of the genus. Biosynthetic gene cluster (BGCs) prediction using antiSMASH identified 19 BGCs in ALN7.1 and 18 in ALN11.5, including known clusters for holomycin, pyrrolizixenamide, hydrogen cyanide, and gamexpeptide C, along with several uncharacterized clusters, suggesting unexplored metabolic potential. Comparative analyses highlighted conserved yet strain-specific BGC profiles, indicating possible diversification within the species. These results provide genomic insights into X. thailandensis ALN7.1 and ALN11.5 and support their potential as valuable sources for the discovery of novel natural products and for future biotechnological applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Microbiology)
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