Administrative Sciences

20 pages, 1369 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fostering Antifragility: What Policymakers Should Know About Individual Resilience in Romania

by Călin Vâlsan, Elena Druică and Paul Dragos Aligică

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060236 - 19 Jun 2025

Viewed by 491

Recent studies document a disappointingly low impact of resilience interventions and policies. This prompts us to revisit the formation of perceived individual resilience using a country-representative sample of 1500 adults. Our study explores how this perception is shaped by family resilience, community resilience, [...] Read more.

Recent studies document a disappointingly low impact of resilience interventions and policies. This prompts us to revisit the formation of perceived individual resilience using a country-representative sample of 1500 adults. Our study explores how this perception is shaped by family resilience, community resilience, and several control variables like age, gender, risk aversion, and the perception of immediate environmental safety. Unlike traditional methods, we employ the PLS-PM methodology and WarpPLS 7.0 software. Our key findings document non-linear dynamics with varying degrees of magnitude, significance, and effect sizes. The three dimensions of family resilience (social trust, shared beliefs and support, and family organization and interaction) are the most significant predictors of community resilience. These non-linear relationships might explain occasional declines in individual resilience, linking our findings to those of previous studies. We contend that resilience policies and interventions are not unlike risk management, and therefore policymakers should be aware of diminishing marginal returns. Full article

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20 pages, 790 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impacting Employee Performance by Supporting Intrapreneurial Activities

by Galit Klein and Batia Ben-Hador

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 235; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060235 - 19 Jun 2025

Viewed by 693

Abstract

Extensive empirical findings support the idea that intrapreneurial activity benefits employees, organizations, and society. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this paper analyzes the mediating role of intrapreneurial behaviors in the relationship between organizational support for intrapreneurship and employee performance and the moderating role [...] Read more.

Extensive empirical findings support the idea that intrapreneurial activity benefits employees, organizations, and society. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this paper analyzes the mediating role of intrapreneurial behaviors in the relationship between organizational support for intrapreneurship and employee performance and the moderating role of intra-organizational social capital (ISC) in the relationship between organizational support and intrapreneurial behaviors. Hypotheses were tested using regression analyses via Hayes’ PROCESS macro, allowing for the assessment of moderation–mediation effects. Data were collected from 617 employees across various Israeli organizations using a structured questionnaire. The results indicate that intrapreneurial behaviors are positively associated with employee performance. Additionally, organizational support is indirectly related to performance through intrapreneurial behaviors. This indirect effect is stronger when ISC levels are high, indicating that ISC amplifies the positive impact of organizational support on intrapreneurial behaviors. The findings highlight the importance of both organizational context and individual differences in fostering intrapreneurial activity and enhancing employee performance. Full article

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20 pages, 385 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Corporate Sustainability and Wealth Distribution: Evidence from Brazil’s Corporate Sustainability Index

by Paulo A. Lozano, Feni Agostinho, Arno P. Clasen, Cecília M. V. B. Almeida and Biagio F. Giannetti

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 234; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060234 - 18 Jun 2025

Viewed by 390

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable business practices has led to the development of corporate sustainability assessment tools, with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indicators becoming central to non-financial performance evaluation. These metrics increasingly influence investment decisions and corporate strategies. However, questions remain about [...] Read more.

The growing demand for sustainable business practices has led to the development of corporate sustainability assessment tools, with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indicators becoming central to non-financial performance evaluation. These metrics increasingly influence investment decisions and corporate strategies. However, questions remain about whether sustainability practices have a measurable impact on economic value creation and distribution. This study investigates the causal relationship between corporate sustainability measured by the ISE-B3 index and stakeholder-oriented economic performance, specifically focusing on Distributed Added Value (DAV) and its main components. The analysis uses financial data from Brazilian companies listed in the ISE-B3 portfolios for the years 2022, 2023, and 2024. To address potential endogeneity, this study employs a panel data econometric approach using Instrumental Variables with Two-Stage Least Squares (IV-2SLS) as the primary estimation strategy, complemented by fixed and random effects models for robustness checks. The results indicate no statistically significant causal relationship between the ISE-B3 index and DAV or its components. The coefficient of ISE-B3 on DAV is −0.0006 (p = 0.896) in the IV-2SLS estimation, with similar non-significant results for all components. The models exhibit strong temporal dependence, with lagged dependent variable coefficients ranging from 0.8295 to 1.3578, reflecting the persistence of financial dynamics. These findings suggest that, within the Brazilian context, participation in the ISE-B3 index does not directly influence how companies create or distribute financial value to stakeholders. This study contributes to the literature by providing robust econometric evidence on the economic effects of corporate sustainability, offering a stakeholder-oriented perspective beyond the traditional shareholder-centric view. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Accounting: Sustainability and the Sustainable Development Goals)

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20 pages, 628 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Can Public Housing Truly Be Innovative? Lessons from Vienna to Reimagine the Future of Local Governance

by Francisco Vergara-Perucich

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060233 - 17 Jun 2025

Viewed by 573

Abstract

This article examines Vienna’s public housing model as an exemplary case of institutional innovation in the public sector, defined by its regulatory stability, universalist orientation, and resistance to the commodification of urban land. Through a thematic analysis of scientific sources indexed in Scopus [...] Read more.

This article examines Vienna’s public housing model as an exemplary case of institutional innovation in the public sector, defined by its regulatory stability, universalist orientation, and resistance to the commodification of urban land. Through a thematic analysis of scientific sources indexed in Scopus and official documents from the City of Vienna and the Austrian legislative framework, the study identifies both the achievements and the structural tensions within the system. The findings reveal a form of slow innovation grounded in the capacity to integrate new agendas—such as social and environmental sustainability or collaborative modes of living—into an already consolidated regulatory framework. However, grey areas persist, particularly with regard to the exclusion of vulnerable groups, community fragmentation, and the limited replicability of alternative models. The study contributes to expanding the concept of innovation in public administration beyond technocratic approaches, highlighting the value of adaptive institutionalism. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Public Sector Innovation: Strategies and Best Practices)

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14 pages, 340 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of the E-Marketing Mix on Brand Equity in the Jordanian Banking Sector

by Tayseer Mohammad Afaishat, Mahmoud Alghizzawi and Sakher Faisal AlFraihat

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 232; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060232 - 16 Jun 2025

Viewed by 288

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the impact of the e-marketing mix on brand equity in the Jordanian banking sector. This study used a descriptive analysis approach. The study population consisted of all (13) commercial banks in Jordan listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. [...] Read more.

This study aimed to identify the impact of the e-marketing mix on brand equity in the Jordanian banking sector. This study used a descriptive analysis approach. The study population consisted of all (13) commercial banks in Jordan listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. A random sample of administrative personnel at commercial banks was selected, including administrators and department heads. It was distributed electronically via Google Forms, and 293 questionnaires (79.1%) from the total study sample were retrieved. The SPSS program version 26 was used to examine the collected data. The results showed that there is a statistically significant effect at the level (α ≥ 0.05) of e-marketing on brand equity in the Jordanian banking sector. It was found that there is a positive correlation between e-marketing and the three dimensions of brand equity (brand loyalty, perceived quality, and brand image). Moreover, a positive brand image should be maintained through the consistent delivery of promises, excellent customer service, and a strong online reputation. Cultivating brand loyalty among customers can be achieved through personalized services, exclusive rewards, and tailored promotions. By integrating these strategies into their e-marketing efforts, banks can effectively engage with customers, differentiate themselves from competitors, and build long-term relationships. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Marketing in the Strategic Organisational Transformation toward Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability)

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26 pages, 1267 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Organizational Commitment and Administrative Management in Public Service Delivery: Evidence from an Emerging Governance Context

by Fabricio Miguel Moreno-Menéndez, Uldarico Inocencio Aguado-Riveros, Mohamed Mehdi Hadi-Mohamed, Ruben Darío Tapia-Silguera, Manuel Silva-Infantes, José Francisco Vía y Rada-Vittes, Luis Ángel Huaynate-Espejo and Vicente González-Prida

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060231 - 16 Jun 2025

Viewed by 354

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between organizational commitment and administrative management within a public service institution operating in an emerging governance context. Grounded in the three-component model of organizational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative) and classical administrative theory (planning, organizing, directing, and controlling), [...] Read more.

This study examines the relationship between organizational commitment and administrative management within a public service institution operating in an emerging governance context. Grounded in the three-component model of organizational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative) and classical administrative theory (planning, organizing, directing, and controlling), the research investigates how internal psychological bonds among frontline personnel influence institutional performance. A quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental design was applied, surveying 30 operational police officers using validated Likert-scale instruments. The results reveal a strong and statistically significant positive correlation between organizational commitment and administrative management (Spearman’s ρ = 0.775, p < 0.01), with normative commitment displaying the highest effect size (ρ = 0.812). These findings underscore the critical role of ethical obligation, loyalty, and affective alignment in enhancing managerial coherence and institutional responsiveness. The study contributes to ongoing debates on public sector reform and strategic human capital management by emphasizing the need for emotionally engaged and ethically anchored personnel. It aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions) and 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), promoting inclusive, accountable governance and resilient administrative practices in resource-constrained environments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Developments in Public Administration and Governance)

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21 pages, 554 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Nexus Between a Supportive Workplace Environment, Employee Engagement, and Employee Performance in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

by Samma Faiz Rasool, Hana Mohelska, Fazal Ur Rehman, Hamid Raza and Muhammad Zaheer Asghar

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060230 - 16 Jun 2025

Viewed by 436

Abstract

Grounded in motivation theory, this study examines the direct relationship between a supportive workplace environment (SWE) and employee performance (EP). The SWE has been identified into three dimensions, i.e., work recognition (WR), work motivation (WM), and career development (CD). Moreover, we focused on [...] Read more.

Grounded in motivation theory, this study examines the direct relationship between a supportive workplace environment (SWE) and employee performance (EP). The SWE has been identified into three dimensions, i.e., work recognition (WR), work motivation (WM), and career development (CD). Moreover, we focused on the mediating effect of employee engagement (EE) on the relationship between SWE and EP. A quantitative research method was used, and data were collected through a questionnaire survey. Data were collected from 349 respondents. The target population were the senior managers, middle managers, and administrative staff working in the semi-government organizations based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) software version 4.0. The results indicate that in the direct relationship, workplace recognition, workplace motivation, and career development are positively connected with EP. Similarly, the findings show that employee engagement positively mediates between an SWE (work recognition, work motivation, and career development) and EP. This study suggests that managers can establish practices acknowledging and appreciating employee contributions, leading to increased motivation and improved performance. Creating a work environment that fosters work motivation by addressing employees’ physical and safety, social, and egoistic needs can further enhance employee engagement and performance. The study highlights the significant role of work recognition, work motivation, career development, and employee engagement in influencing employee performance. This study also recommends some practical implications for the semi-governmental organizations. First, it was suggested that organizations create a workplace environment in which employees feel appreciated, valued, and happy. Second, the organizations introduce the employee engagement culture at the department level as well as at the organizational level. Third, the organizations also introduce flexible work schedules for middle-level and administrative staff. Finally, Saudi organizations recognize the output of their employees and provide them with monetary incentives. Full article

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27 pages, 705 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Modelling Municipal Cost Inefficiencies in the Frances Baard District of South Africa and Their Impact on Service Delivery

by Brian Tavonga Mazorodze

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 229; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060229 - 13 Jun 2025

Viewed by 434

Abstract

Section 195(b) of South Africa’s Constitution calls for the efficient use of resources in public administration, while the White Paper on Local Government similarly emphasizes the efficient provision of basic services such as refuse collection and water. Despite these policy commitments, South African [...] Read more.

Section 195(b) of South Africa’s Constitution calls for the efficient use of resources in public administration, while the White Paper on Local Government similarly emphasizes the efficient provision of basic services such as refuse collection and water. Despite these policy commitments, South African municipalities continue to be characterized by financial mismanagement and poor service delivery. In light of the limited empirical evidence on this issue, this study pursues two objectives. First, it estimates the levels of cost inefficiency in four local municipalities within the Frances Baard District from 2006 to 2023. Second, it determines how cost inefficiencies affect service delivery, focusing on water and refuse collection. Using a stochastic frontier analysis, several key results are confirmed. First, on average, the four municipalities are found to have spent 17.23% above the minimum cost required to deliver existing services. Second, service delivery is found to have been 23% lower than its potential. Third, operating costs and contracted services are found to have been key drivers of wasteful expenditure. Lastly, cost inefficiencies are found to have culminated in poor service delivery. Against this background, municipalities are urged to consider cutting non-essential operational spending such as entertainment and travel allowances, coupled with improved accountability on contracted services. Full article

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25 pages, 816 KiB

Open AccessArticle

From Clicks to Trips: Examining Online Destination Brand Experience in Ecotourism Decision Making

by Adina-Nicoleta Candrea, Ioana-Simona Ivasciuc, Ana Ispas, Cristinel-Petrişor Constantin and Florin Nechita

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060228 - 13 Jun 2025

Viewed by 270

Abstract

Destination Management Organizations (DMO) increasingly harness social media to foster favorable online destination brand experiences (ODBEs) during travelers’ pre-trip planning. However, empirical knowledge about such experiences in ecotourism contexts remains limited. This study addresses the gap by proposing and validating an ODBE measurement [...] Read more.

Destination Management Organizations (DMO) increasingly harness social media to foster favorable online destination brand experiences (ODBEs) during travelers’ pre-trip planning. However, empirical knowledge about such experiences in ecotourism contexts remains limited. This study addresses the gap by proposing and validating an ODBE measurement scale adapted to ecotourism destinations. An online questionnaire was administered to Facebook users following seven certified Romanian ecotourism destinations, yielding 281 valid responses. Through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory composite analysis, the scale was refined into three components—hedonic, utilitarian, and spatio-temporal—capturing emotional immersion, rational evaluation, and destination-specific spatial perceptions. Structural equation modeling further demonstrated that ODBEs exert a strong, positive effect on two key behavioral intentions: visiting the destination (β = 0.913) and sharing destination information online (β = 0.875). This study advances theories on tech-mediated pre-travel experiences by emphasizing nature and local culture. The findings provide DMOs with practical guidance for creating effective social media content to enhance destination branding and support sustainable tourism. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Future Trends of Tourism Management)

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29 pages, 607 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cognitive Biases in Strategic Decision-Making

by Kenneth Midtgård and Marcus Selart

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 227; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060227 - 13 Jun 2025

Viewed by 505

Abstract

This article examines to what degree organizations use strategies that focus on maximizing shareholder value (Theory E) as opposed to strategies emphasizing the development of organizational capability (Theory O). Our main goal is to investigate the extent to which cognitive biases influenced strategic [...] Read more.

This article examines to what degree organizations use strategies that focus on maximizing shareholder value (Theory E) as opposed to strategies emphasizing the development of organizational capability (Theory O). Our main goal is to investigate the extent to which cognitive biases influenced strategic decision-making pertaining to organizational change. Strategic decision-making and organizational change both have a great impact on collaborative behavior. A survey was developed that measured different aspects of the cognitive perspective in strategic decision-making. It was distributed to managers of several medium-sized organizations in Scandinavia (n = 119). The results indicate that managers used mixed strategies (Theory E and O). The results also reveal that illusions of control together with beliefs about change processes skewed the application of strategies towards Theory E. The theoretical and practical implications of the results were finally discussed, expanding the cognitive perspective in strategic decision-making. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rethinking Strategic Alliances: Innovations, Challenges, and Insights)

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21 pages, 5059 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Measuring Created Value for Suppliers and Buyers: A Decision Matrix Approach—Evidence from Slovak Enterprises

by Dana Kusnirova, Oliver Bubeliny and Maria Durisova

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 226; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060226 - 12 Jun 2025

Viewed by 289

Abstract

This study introduces a structured approach for assessing value creation in supplier–buyer relationships by evaluating key value-creation indicators. Recognising strategic collaboration in B2B, the research focuses on identifying key indicators and determining their relevance based on Slovak manufacturing enterprises. Empirical data were collected [...] Read more.

This study introduces a structured approach for assessing value creation in supplier–buyer relationships by evaluating key value-creation indicators. Recognising strategic collaboration in B2B, the research focuses on identifying key indicators and determining their relevance based on Slovak manufacturing enterprises. Empirical data were collected via questionnaires distributed to manufacturing firms across Slovakia. Based on these data, a decision matrix was developed to quantify the value provided to suppliers and buyers. Results reveal that suppliers prioritise financial reliability and adherence to business terms, while buyers place higher value on service-related attributes such as maintenance and product quality updates. The proposed matrix serves as a practical tool for enterprises seeking to evaluate and enhance their stakeholder relationships. By offering quantifiable insights, the study supports more effective decision-making in supply chain and relationship management. Full article

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45 pages, 3032 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of Gender Perceptions Onboard Maritime Ships: Case Study on Cruise Lines Industry

by Catalin Popa, Sergiu Lupu, Filip Nistor and Andrei Bautu

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060225 - 11 Jun 2025

Viewed by 494

Abstract

This study explores gender perceptions and equity challenges within the maritime cruise industry, focusing specifically on crew experiences aboard European Union-flagged vessels. The research aims to evaluate the extent to which gender diversity, equality, and inclusion are perceived, practiced, and institutionalized onboard. A [...] Read more.

This study explores gender perceptions and equity challenges within the maritime cruise industry, focusing specifically on crew experiences aboard European Union-flagged vessels. The research aims to evaluate the extent to which gender diversity, equality, and inclusion are perceived, practiced, and institutionalized onboard. A structured Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) survey was administered to the crew members across various departments and ranks, investigating perceptions of discrimination, career advancement, workplace safety, and the implementation of gender-sensitive policies. Results indicate persistent gender disparities, particularly in areas such as promotion opportunities, emotional burden, and reporting of harassment. While overall attitudes toward diversity appeared positive, a significant proportion of female respondents reported experiencing bias, isolation, and unequal treatment despite possessing equivalent qualifications. Statistical analysis, including Chi-square tests and Exploratory Factor Analysis, identified three dominant perception dimensions: structural bias, emotional strain, and safety concerns. A notable gap emerged between institutional policies and actual behaviours or trust in enforcement mechanisms. The authors contribute to the field by designing a context-specific KAP instrument, applying robust statistical methodologies, and offering actionable recommendations to maritime organizations. These include enhancing reporting systems, improving mentorship opportunities, and institutionalizing training on unconscious bias. This study provides empirical evidence to support policy reforms and cultural shifts aimed at fostering gender-inclusive environments onboard maritime cruise vessels. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gender, Race and Diversity in Organizations)

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29 pages, 1139 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Evaluating the Framework of the Notion Entrepreneurial Intention and Resilience: A Prisma Approach

by Ayesha Yaseen, Raflis Bin Che Omar, Lokhman Hakim Osman and Roshayati Binti Abdul Hamid

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 224; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060224 - 10 Jun 2025

Viewed by 425

Abstract

This study reviews various academic discussions utilising distinct interpretations of entrepreneurship and resilience. The inadequacies of contemporary literature are explored and avenues for subsequent studies are offered in light of these discussions. Notable shifts in literature across themes, eras, and contexts have been [...] Read more.

This study reviews various academic discussions utilising distinct interpretations of entrepreneurship and resilience. The inadequacies of contemporary literature are explored and avenues for subsequent studies are offered in light of these discussions. Notable shifts in literature across themes, eras, and contexts have been documented. The body of literature has been steadily expanding over time, with a significant portion of research included in this SLR published from 2010 to 2024, which was not considered in earlier SLRs. A methodical, multidisciplinary evaluation of 44 publications divided into multiple academic dialogues was conducted to lay the groundwork for critical examination of each field of study. Resilience in the modern era encompasses not only the power to bounce back from stressful situations and adjust to a changed environment but also the dynamic process to improve learning capacity and foster personal development through continuous self-improvement, the acquisition of novel experiences and a forward-leaping framework. These findings contribute to the clarification and critical analysis of the current state of entrepreneurial resilience which will have several policies implications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entrepreneurship for Economic Growth)

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30 pages, 434 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Charisma Heuristic as Cognitive Bias: An Informal Category Theoretic Risk Analysis of the Leadership Influence Process

by James K. Hazy

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 223; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060223 - 9 Jun 2025

Viewed by 410

Abstract

The notion of charisma has been an important, albeit mysterious, aspect of leadership research for decades. Traditionally, its definition has centered on an individual who, by virtue of possessing certain traits, skills, or behaviors, is considered a natural leader. More recently, however, there [...] Read more.

The notion of charisma has been an important, albeit mysterious, aspect of leadership research for decades. Traditionally, its definition has centered on an individual who, by virtue of possessing certain traits, skills, or behaviors, is considered a natural leader. More recently, however, there has been increasing recognition that charisma is an experience that is actually felt by followers, and therefore perhaps the charisma experience could be better understood by taking a follower’s perspective. This theoretical article addresses this question. It takes the perspective of a follower who reports a charismatic experience and asks the following: What are the benefits and risks to the follower who, by assigning “charisma” to the influence of another, effectively surrenders a measure of individual autonomy by becoming a follower of a leader? This article uses ideas from mathematical category to explore and demystify the notion of charisma in leadership theory and practice. By doing so, it argues that the choice to follow what is considered to be a charismatic other is essentially a decision-making heuristic that carries benefits and risks. A benefit is decreased cognitive load. A risk is the possibility that the leader’s influence will push against a follower’s own interests. Thus, this paper argues that the charisma heuristic should be considered as cognitive bias about which both followers and leaders should be wary. Eight propositions are discussed to inform future research. Full article

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29 pages, 809 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Roles of Social Entrepreneur Competencies and Social Innovation in Sustainable Social Entrepreneurship in Thailand

by Nilubon Wirotthitiyawong, Natcha Limpasirisuwan, Atcharawan Thaodon, Warantorn Wimuttisuksuntorn and Thanapong Champahom

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060222 - 9 Jun 2025

Viewed by 432

Abstract

This research examines social entrepreneur competencies and the ability to create value through social innovation, which affect sustainability in Thai social enterprises. The study used questionnaires administered to 200 social enterprises registered with the Social Enterprise Promotion Office. The data were analyzed using [...] Read more.

This research examines social entrepreneur competencies and the ability to create value through social innovation, which affect sustainability in Thai social enterprises. The study used questionnaires administered to 200 social enterprises registered with the Social Enterprise Promotion Office. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that social entrepreneur competencies had the highest overall mean among causal factors, while sustainability in social entrepreneur groups had a high mean level. The study found that visionary leadership was the strongest indicator of social entrepreneur competencies, marketing innovation was the strongest indicator of innovation capability, and environmental performance was the strongest indicator of sustainability outcomes. Social entrepreneur competencies strongly influenced the ability to create value through social innovation (β = 0.972), which in turn significantly affected sustainability outcomes (β = 0.707). The study’s limitations include its cross-sectional nature and its focus solely on registered social enterprises. These findings can guide policy formulation to help enterprises create value through social innovation and achieve sustainable success. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fostering Social Entrepreneurs in Organizations: Nurturing of Social Intrapreneurial Behaviors While Addressing Employees' Concerns)

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22 pages, 2882 KiB

Open AccessReview

Clothing Brands’ Sustainability Practices: A Bibliometric Approach

by Md Abu Hasan, Saurav Chandra Talukder, Zoltán Lakner and Ágoston Temesi

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 221; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060221 - 6 Jun 2025

Viewed by 1365

Abstract

The clothing industry greatly impacts the global economy by producing billions of pieces of clothing and employing millions. However, it negatively impacts the environment, as it is one of the most polluting sectors in the world. This bibliometric review aims to identify influential [...] Read more.

The clothing industry greatly impacts the global economy by producing billions of pieces of clothing and employing millions. However, it negatively impacts the environment, as it is one of the most polluting sectors in the world. This bibliometric review aims to identify influential authors and affiliations, journals, productive and cited countries, emerging and recent themes, and future research directions focusing on the dynamics of clothing brands’ sustainability practices. A comprehensive dataset from Scopus and the Web of Science contains 612 articles, and Biblioshiny and VOSviewer were used to analyze the data. Findings reveal that sustainability is not just a concern for developed countries but is also gaining attention in emerging economies like India. This bibliometric analysis presents its relationship with sustainable development goals (SDGs), combines performance analysis and science mapping of clothing brands’ sustainability practices, and evaluates thematic clusters to highlight future research scopes to fill the literature gap for further concentration on behavioral aspects, advanced supply chains, effective communication, and promoting the usage of sustainable technologies, which can help to align with business models for sustainability and resilience. Therefore, clothing brands’ sustainability practices should focus on smart and functional clothing through eco-friendly manufacturing and designing long-lasting clothes to enrich clothing performance. They should adopt innovative technologies for resource utilization, recycling, waste management, supply chain, and also emphasize communication with the consumers to encourage them to purchase eco-friendly and long-lasting clothes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Strategies That Connect Insights from Business, Stakeholders and the Environment)

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27 pages, 1082 KiB

Open AccessReview

An Assessment of the Roles of the Government, Regulators, and Investors in ESG Implementation in South Africa: A Scoping Review

by Wilfreda Indira Chawarura, Mabutho Sibanda and Kuziva Mamvura

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 220; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060220 - 5 Jun 2025

Viewed by 524

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to detect from the literature the roles of the Government, investors, and regulators in ESG implementation in South Africa from 2002 to 2022. ESG implementation in South Africa ensures sustainable business practices are adopted by firms operating [...] Read more.

The purpose of this study was to detect from the literature the roles of the Government, investors, and regulators in ESG implementation in South Africa from 2002 to 2022. ESG implementation in South Africa ensures sustainable business practices are adopted by firms operating within the country. The study used a scoping review methodology, with only articles in the English language being considered. A pilot search was carried out to identify key search phrases to be included in the search strategy. A total of 208 articles were identified and only 34 articles were eligible for the study. The results show an increase in ESG implementation by institutional investors, although investor activism is still low in South Africa. The South African Government actively enacted laws and regulations that supported ESG implementation after the global financial crisis of 2007–8. However, in recent years, there has been a lack of hard laws to support the non-legislative ESG rules that dominate ESG reporting. The study shows that the South African Government should improve its ESG laws for effective ESG adoption and avoid relying on the JSE, which enforces the King Code as a mandatory listing requirement to monitor ESG implementation. Training, capacity building, and active Government participation are critical for effective ESG implementation in South Africa. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Strategic Management)

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31 pages, 4809 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Entrepreneurial Female Leadership: A Business Policy Approach to B Corp Management in Latin America

by Ángel Acevedo-Duque, Rina Alvarez-Becerra, Sandra Alcina De Fortoul, Orietta Barriga-Soto, Giovanna Cúneo-Álvarez, Mirtha Mercedes Fernández-Mantilla and Carla Valdez-Alvarez

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 219; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060219 - 4 Jun 2025

Viewed by 625

Abstract

This study aims to analyze how women’s empowerment in sustainable entrepreneurial leadership transforms social, environmental, and economic challenges into growth opportunities within B Corps-certified companies in Latin America. A total of 9536 companies were identified in the global B Corps registry, of which [...] Read more.

This study aims to analyze how women’s empowerment in sustainable entrepreneurial leadership transforms social, environmental, and economic challenges into growth opportunities within B Corps-certified companies in Latin America. A total of 9536 companies were identified in the global B Corps registry, of which more than 1000 belonged to the Latin America and Caribbean directory. Particular attention was given to 130 companies located in Chile, with a presence in countries such as Peru, Mexico, Colombia, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina. The methodology adopted a post-positivist approach with a hermeneutic analysis rooted in organizational studies, using the Straussian grounded theory method. Testimonies from 16 female entrepreneurs were explored, identified through the B Corps directory and the main social media networks of the B system in Latin America. This approach enabled a deeper understanding of the human complexity surrounding sustainability, equity, and gender equality. Findings show that female leadership promotes inclusive and strategic actions that challenge traditional structures and generate positive impacts. Five categories emerged: female entrepreneurial leadership; gender equality stakeholders; social contribution; women’s economic development; and sustainable decision-making. These converge in the central category of female empowerment in sustainable entrepreneurial leadership. In conclusion, the emerging theory expands the understanding of women-led leadership in Latin America, revealing socially responsible business models that promote sustainability, inclusion, and challenge dominant power structures in the business world. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effective Leadership and Management in the Sustainable Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises)

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32 pages, 1800 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Framework for Tacit Knowledge Loss Mitigation in South African Public Sector Enterprises

by Malefetjane Phineas Phaladi

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 218; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060218 - 4 Jun 2025

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Abstract

In order to mitigate the risks of losing key personnel and their innate tacit knowledge resources, this paper explored a framework for reducing knowledge loss in South African public sector enterprises (PSEs) through the integration of knowledge management (KM) and human resource management [...] Read more.

In order to mitigate the risks of losing key personnel and their innate tacit knowledge resources, this paper explored a framework for reducing knowledge loss in South African public sector enterprises (PSEs) through the integration of knowledge management (KM) and human resource management (HRM) strategies. The study used a quantitative research design, administering survey questionnaires to 585 randomly selected employees in three South African PSEs. The survey yielded a 25% response rate and was analysed using Statistical Analysis Software, resulting in a Cronbach alpha of 0.94. The findings of the exploratory factor analysis showed that a framework for reducing knowledge loss can be developed by integrating HRM practices and focusing on seven factors: knowledge loss recognition, knowledge management practices, human resource training, organisational culture, recruitment practices, employee retention, and organisational barriers. Three important components constitute the developed framework for knowledge loss minimization. Tacit knowledge loss was recognised as a critical strategic issue based on the results of the chi-square test for independence and logistic regression. This realisation, along with control and intervention variables, created the three main components of the framework. This paper explored the Knowledge Loss Reduction framework, focusing on South African PSEs as a case, to help organisations address the complex tacit knowledge loss prevalent in public and commercial firms worldwide. It contributes to the knowledge-based view, focusing on knowledge-absorptive and -retentive capacities and praxis in knowledge (risk) management and human resource management. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Talent Management Strategies for Sustainable Employee Retention)

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20 pages, 272 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Collaborative Governance for Social Change and Environmental Sustainability: A Case Study of Campania Region

by Zubair Ahmad and Paolo Esposito

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 217; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060217 - 3 Jun 2025

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Abstract

The emphasis on collaborative governance and effective leadership to bring any social change is gaining prominence among researchers. This study investigates how leadership and collaborative governance can drive social change in waste management in Campania, using a qualitative, multi-site case study approach. Interviews [...] Read more.

The emphasis on collaborative governance and effective leadership to bring any social change is gaining prominence among researchers. This study investigates how leadership and collaborative governance can drive social change in waste management in Campania, using a qualitative, multi-site case study approach. Interviews of relevant politicians, public managers, citizens, waste management organizations and academics were conducted (2023–2024). This research uses the lens of multiple theoretical frameworks such as collaborative governance, network agency, public value framework and transformational leadership to explore different dynamics of the research such as stakeholder engagement, public value creation and leadership effectiveness in waste management. Moreover, several obstacles in the way of achieving social change in Campania concerning waste management and environmental sustainability are identified. The findings of this study added to the theoretical understanding of collaborative governance and social change through the demonstration of how transformational leadership, stakeholder participation and trust-based relationships drive good waste management while identifying structural limitations such as corruption and organized crime that hindered governance. Practically, it highlights five interconnected themes from interviews of leadership that civic leaders and managers must establish to promote positive social change: Difficulties in leadership effectiveness, civic potential unused, media mobilization, hope for a miracle and stakeholder engagement diversification. The public value framework is used to analyze the potential role of leadership in bringing change in society. The research findings are replicable and can be applied to a similar set of circumstances. This study advances existing research by addressing the gap in understanding how collaborative governance and transformational leadership can be integrated to tackle waste management and environmental sustainability challenges. The findings can be applied to other regions facing similar governance challenges, making it relevant for global sustainability efforts. Italy’s government has green-lighted projects to make these activities more visible while downplaying their negative impacts on the environment and public health. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Leadership)

16 pages, 227 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Methodological Framework as a Decision-Support Tool in Addressing NFTs and Blockchain Projects in the Tourism Industry

by Raffaella Folgieri, Sergej Gričar and Tea Baldigara

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 216; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060216 - 3 Jun 2025

Viewed by 370

Abstract

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are an emerging application of blockchain technology, with the potential to transform various industries, including tourism. Despite conceptual discussions that have highlighted opportunities and challenges associated with using NFTs—such as in digital souvenirs, ticketing systems, loyalty programmes, and conservation initiatives—there [...] Read more.

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are an emerging application of blockchain technology, with the potential to transform various industries, including tourism. Despite conceptual discussions that have highlighted opportunities and challenges associated with using NFTs—such as in digital souvenirs, ticketing systems, loyalty programmes, and conservation initiatives—there is a critical gap in the literature consisting of the lack of a structured methodological framework to empirically evaluate the impact of real-world NFT implementations. This study addresses this gap by proposing a conceptual model and methodological framework designed to assess NFT projects in the tourism sector. The framework integrates diverse data collection methods, advanced analytical techniques (including econometric analysis, natural language processing, and machine learning), and a technological workbench for tracking key performance indicators (KPIs). To demonstrate its applicability, the framework is applied to the Dalmatia NFT project, an exploratory application in cultural tourism. The considered example highlights the potential of NFTs to enhance tourism experiences while addressing challenges such as scalability, sustainability, and user engagement. This study concludes with insights into the framework’s practical implications for stakeholders and outlines future research directions for empirical validation. By bridging the gap between theory and practice, this study aims to provide a robust foundation for effectively integrating NFTs into the tourism industry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations and Change in Service Industry Management)

23 pages, 3053 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Bibliometric Analysis of Service Quality in the Hospitality Industry (2014–2024)

by Olakunle Shakur Olawuyi and Carina Kleynhans

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060215 - 30 May 2025

Viewed by 781

Abstract

Service quality is important for the survival of all businesses, including the hospitality business. Service quality can be measured by a model referred to as SERVQUAL, which comprises five parameters, namely, tangibility, reliability, assurance, empathy, and responsiveness. It is very important to examine [...] Read more.

Service quality is important for the survival of all businesses, including the hospitality business. Service quality can be measured by a model referred to as SERVQUAL, which comprises five parameters, namely, tangibility, reliability, assurance, empathy, and responsiveness. It is very important to examine publications to ascertain trends in service quality in the hospitality industry during the previous decade (2014–2024). Data were collected from the Scopus database, the article search having yielded 876 documents. The eligibility criteria were as follows: papers had to be published between 2014 and 2024, had to be written in English, and were restricted to articles, conference papers, book chapters, and review papers. The collected data were analyzed with the biblioshiny package in RStudio. The results revealed that the journal with the highest number of articles published during the period under study was Sustainability (Switzerland). Hong Kong Polytechnic was the institution with the highest number of publications vis-à-vis service quality in the hospitality industry, followed by Bina Nusantara University and Eastern Mediterranean University. It is notable that customer satisfaction featured prominently in different clusters, which emphasizes the fact that service quality is targeted at satisfying customers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Rethinking Future Studies in Tourism and Hospitality: Critical Insights and Paradigm Shifts for a New Era)

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21 pages, 1079 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Emergence of a Cooperative Amidst Economic Disruption: A Historical Narrative of Amul Coop in India

by Abhijit Ghosh and Abhirup Chakrabarti

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060214 - 30 May 2025

Viewed by 575

Abstract

This study presents a process narrative of how cooperatives emerge during periods of economic disruption. Cooperative organizations are pluralistic and embedded in existing local economic contexts. Yet, the role that such organizations play can be pronounced when economic disruption occurs in the absence [...] Read more.

This study presents a process narrative of how cooperatives emerge during periods of economic disruption. Cooperative organizations are pluralistic and embedded in existing local economic contexts. Yet, the role that such organizations play can be pronounced when economic disruption occurs in the absence of well-established institutions to support cooperative ideology. This study uses the Structuration and Panarchy frameworks to examine the dynamics of Amul’s emergence, where individual producers organized against the existing structure of production in a period characterized by reorganization at the broader macro level. The study complements insights from economic and social perspectives while presenting a view of how individuals organize economically in the context of disruption. The narrative broadens the view of when collective action becomes possible and what explains sustained socio-economic value creation from such enterprises. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship in the Time of Societal Disruptions)

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41 pages, 1939 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Strategic Corporate Diversity Responsibility (CDR) as a Catalyst for Sustainable Governance: Integrating Equity, Climate Resilience, and Renewable Energy in the IMSD Framework

by Benja Stig Fagerland and Lincoln Bleveans

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 213; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060213 - 29 May 2025

Viewed by 518

Abstract

This paper introduces the Integrated Model for Sustainable Development (IMSD), a theory-driven governance framework that embeds Corporate Diversity Responsibility (CDR) into climate and energy policy to advance systemic equity, institutional resilience, and inclusive innovation. Grounded in Institutional Theory, the Resource-Based View (RBV), and [...] Read more.

This paper introduces the Integrated Model for Sustainable Development (IMSD), a theory-driven governance framework that embeds Corporate Diversity Responsibility (CDR) into climate and energy policy to advance systemic equity, institutional resilience, and inclusive innovation. Grounded in Institutional Theory, the Resource-Based View (RBV), and Intersectionality Theory, IMSD unifies fragmented sustainability efforts across five pillars: Climate Sustainability, Social Sustainability (CDR), Governance Integration, Collaborative Partnerships, and Implementation and Monitoring. Aligned with SDGs 7, 10, and 13, IMSD operationalizes inclusive leadership, anticipatory adaptation, and equity-centered decision-making. It addresses the compounded climate vulnerabilities faced by women and marginalized groups in the Global South, integrating insights from Indigenous resilience and intersectional adaptation strategies. Unlike conventional CSR or ESG models, IMSD institutionalizes diversity as a strategic asset and governance principle. It transforms DEIB from symbolic compliance into a catalyst for ethical leadership, legitimacy, and performance in turbulent environments. The model’s modular structure supports cross-sector scalability, making it a practical tool for organizations seeking to align ESG mandates with climate justice and inclusive innovation. Future empirical validation of the IMSD framework across diverse governance settings will further strengthen its applicability and global relevance. IMSD represents a paradigm shift in sustainability governance—bridging climate action and social equity through theory-based leadership and systemic institutional transformation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gender, Race and Diversity in Organizations)

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25 pages, 1418 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility on Organizational Resilience—An Exploratory Case Study Based on Tesla

by Xiaoping Liu and Yishu Zhou

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 212; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060212 - 29 May 2025

Viewed by 1074

Abstract

In today’s complex business environments, integrating strategic corporate social responsibility (SCSR) is essential for aligning business objectives with societal interests and strengthening organizational resilience. Using Tesla as a case study, we applied stakeholder theory, grounded theory, and the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model to construct [...] Read more.

In today’s complex business environments, integrating strategic corporate social responsibility (SCSR) is essential for aligning business objectives with societal interests and strengthening organizational resilience. Using Tesla as a case study, we applied stakeholder theory, grounded theory, and the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model to construct a theoretical framework on the impact of SCSR on organizational resilience and to examine the mechanisms underpinning this process. Through the implementation of SCSR, enterprises deeply engage with primary and public stakeholders, establish resilient relationships, and enhance organizational resilience through seven dimensions: development governance, strategic management, relationship, financial, product, cultural, and social. The theoretical framework developed in this study provides a reference for subsequent research on SCSR and organizational resilience, and offers management insights for enterprises to integrate SCSR, enhance organizational resilience, and improve long-term competitiveness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corporate Social Responsibility and Strategic Management: Integrating Ethical Practices with Sustainable Goals)

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21 pages, 438 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Understanding the Impact of Employee Investigations on Those Who Lead Them: A Case Study from NHS Wales

by Andrew Jonathan Cooper, Doris Anita Behrens, Sophie Elizabeth Jones, Adrian Neal, Aled Jones and Walter Hyll

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 211; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060211 - 29 May 2025

Viewed by 622

Abstract

In healthcare, there is growing awareness of the potential harm that disciplinary processes can have on employees, service delivery, and organizational culture. However, little attention has been given to the impact on those responsible for conducting these investigations. This study examines investigator harm [...] Read more.

In healthcare, there is growing awareness of the potential harm that disciplinary processes can have on employees, service delivery, and organizational culture. However, little attention has been given to the impact on those responsible for conducting these investigations. This study examines investigator harm through a cross-sectional survey, simultaneously collecting qualitative and quantitative data from 71 participants across 10 NHS Wales organizations. The findings indicate that investigators experience harm when conducting employee investigations. While those with more experience perceive themselves as better prepared to follow the formal steps of the disciplinary policy and process, their ability to prevent harm to themselves or others remains unchanged. Additionally, more experienced investigators are not more aware of their organization’s well-being priorities or strategies for mitigating harm. These findings highlight the need for greater support for investigators, including coaching and post-investigation debriefing. Training should raise awareness of the impact of employee investigations on all stakeholders and the importance of applying disciplinary policy and processes empathically. Finally, policies and processes should acknowledge the harm they may cause and explicitly provide strategies for harm reduction, such as treating formal investigations as a measure of ‘last resort’. Full article

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19 pages, 1334 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Situational Awareness in Leadership: Application of Methods in Business Organisations

by Virginija Ramašauskienė, Erika Župerkienė and Ligita Šimanskienė

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 210; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060210 - 29 May 2025

Viewed by 367

Abstract

This study analysed the leadership approaches that determine one of the components of organisational resilience: situational awareness in business organisations. A lack of situational awareness in leadership results in poor decision making and low organisational resilience, which undermines the continuity and sustainability of [...] Read more.

This study analysed the leadership approaches that determine one of the components of organisational resilience: situational awareness in business organisations. A lack of situational awareness in leadership results in poor decision making and low organisational resilience, which undermines the continuity and sustainability of the organisation’s activities. This observation prompts the following research question: which leadership methods enhance situational awareness and how are these methods effectively applied in business organisations? This study analysed the situational awareness requirements for leadership through leadership methods. With the help of mixed methods that integrate qualitative and quantitative approaches, an empirical study was conducted in eight European countries; in total, 30 leaders of business organisations were interviewed and 3370 employee questionnaires were analysed. The analysis identified the leadership methods that enhance situational awareness; it also presented the assumptions that determine the effectiveness of these methods. The relationship between leadership methods and situational awareness was found to be mediated by the interaction of the two elements of situational awareness with twelve leadership methods. These findings provide a structured approach to explaining how leadership methods affect situational awareness, thus complementing existing theoretical frameworks and encouraging the development of new theoretical models. Full article

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41 pages, 2521 KiB

Open AccessReview

Incentives for Accrual-Based Earnings Management in Emerging Economies—A Systematic Literature Review with Bibliometric Analysis

by Lonwabo Mlawu, Frank Ranganai Matenda and Mabutho Sibanda

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 209; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060209 - 28 May 2025

Viewed by 791

Abstract

In emerging economies, where the legislative and economic landscapes may significantly differ from those of advanced economies, accrual-based earnings management (AEM) is especially problematic for financial disclosure and investor trust. This paper conducts a systematic literature review and a bibliometric analysis to evaluate [...] Read more.

In emerging economies, where the legislative and economic landscapes may significantly differ from those of advanced economies, accrual-based earnings management (AEM) is especially problematic for financial disclosure and investor trust. This paper conducts a systematic literature review and a bibliometric analysis to evaluate the incentives for AEM in developing countries and to understand the evolution of the AEM domain within emerging countries. For this purpose, 312 journal articles from ResearchGate, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Google, and Scopus, covering the period from 2000 to 2024, were reviewed under various thematic areas. The findings highlighted multiple significant motivators for AEM within developing markets, encompassing financial distress, loss avoidance, profitability pressures, high leverage, weak corporate governance structures and processes, diverse ownership structures (such as concentrated ownership, family ownership, institutional ownership, government ownership, and insider ownership), market performance indicators, political ties, weak regulatory systems, as well as factors such as executive compensation, tenure, career retention, agency issues, investor expectations, audit quality, economic crises, and firm-specific characteristics like size, reputation, and age. This research contributes to existing knowledge by examining the motivations behind AEM in emerging economies, underscoring the need for tailored regulatory frameworks and strong governance structures and processes to address the unique challenges developing nations face. For regulators and policymakers, these findings emphasize the need for robust regulatory frameworks, more stringent auditing protocols, and improved corporate governance structures to discourage business executives from engaging in AEM practices. Full article

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22 pages, 535 KiB

Open AccessArticle

ESG Scores as Indicators of Green Business Strategies and Their Impact on Financial Performance in Tourism Services: Evidence from Worldwide Listed Firms

by Chrysoula Matsali, Michalis Skordoulis, Aristidis Papagrigoriou and Petros Kalantonis

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 208; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060208 - 28 May 2025

Viewed by 610

Abstract

The increasing integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices into corporate strategy has raised important questions about their financial implications. This study examines the relationship between ESG performance and financial outcomes in the tourism industry, an industry that is both highly visible [...] Read more.

The increasing integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices into corporate strategy has raised important questions about their financial implications. This study examines the relationship between ESG performance and financial outcomes in the tourism industry, an industry that is both highly visible and environmentally sensitive. To achieve this, this study analyzes the impact of the three ESG dimensions on financial performance, measured by Return on Assets (ROA). Using panel data econometric techniques, this study examines a balanced panel dataset of 154 listed tourism services firms between 2017 and 2021 to assess how each ESG pillar influences profitability. ESG data were sourced from Refinitiv Eikon, a widely validated provider in ESG-financial research. The analysis employs panel data econometric techniques with firm size and leverage as control variables. Our findings indicate that the Environmental, Social, and Governance scores each have a statistically significant negative effect on ROA, while the ESG controversies score is not statistically significant. These results suggest that despite the reputational value of ESG engagement, its short-term financial impact may be limited or negative in capital-intensive service sectors, such as tourism. This study contributes to the literature by providing sector-specific, post-crisis empirical evidence and highlights the need for a nuanced understanding of ESG–financial dynamics across industries. Full article

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19 pages, 289 KiB

Open AccessArticle

CSR-Mediating CO₂ Policy Effects on Environmental Kuznets Curve in Brazil: Case Study of an Airline Company

by Juliana Lovatte, Sarah da Silva Everton, Joshua Onome Imoniana and Funmi Alakija

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15060207 - 27 May 2025

Viewed by 419

Abstract

This study employs a critical perspective: aiming to provide a subjective and socially constructed view on the impact of corporate governance and the corporate social responsibility (CSR) choices on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in terms of CO₂ emissions in Brazil. This [...] Read more.

This study employs a critical perspective: aiming to provide a subjective and socially constructed view on the impact of corporate governance and the corporate social responsibility (CSR) choices on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in terms of CO₂ emissions in Brazil. This research paper bridges the gap in the literature on the EKC by toeing a qualitative approach to what has been presented using quantitative methods, and offers insights on how the trends shape organisational policies. Furthermore, it enumerates the relationship between CSR, CO₂ choices, and EKC in the Brazilian aviation industry using one particular airline as a case study. It aims to provoke further conversation on decarbonisation. It seeks to show how EKC has been treated and to contextualise the impact of the airline sector’s CSR and corporate governance on EKC. A combination of a content analysis of the narratives of sustainability reports and a semi-structured interview with a sustainability expert from the aviation sector was used in data gathering, while critical discourse analysis (CDA) was employed in demonstrating the ideological and social contexts that shape organisational narratives and decisions in practices and governance structures that are driving CO₂ reduction strategies. The findings not only confirmed the crucial role that corporate governance plays in the implementation and monitoring of CSR practices within the sector but also shows the impact of integrating sustainability goals into corporate strategies. The policies nurtured by CSR are supported by the company’s ESG and Social Responsibility Committees. In the context of the case study, the corporate decision to transit to biofuels is contributing not only to the reduction in CO₂ emissions but is also seen as an economically viable strategy with public policies and regulatory frameworks. This paper further explains the impact of geopolitical factors and the need for international cooperation because the traditional U-shaped EKC is not supported in the context of the Brazilian aviation sector. Finally, this spurs the need for collaboration among various stakeholder companies, policymakers, and nations in the global context for sustainable development to have a lasting impact. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance: A Future Research Agenda)

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Adm. Sci., Volume 15, Issue 6 (June 2025) – 44 articles

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