Administrative Sciences

27 pages, 1556 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Beyond the Hype: A Systematic Exploration of Emerging Thematic Trends and Persistent Challenges in Combating Greenwashing Across Global Supply Chains

by Vivian Cherono, Md. Tota Miah, Ildikó Rudnák and Szűcs Csaba

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 173; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050173 - 3 May 2025

Viewed by 77

Abstract

This study aimed to determine how research has highlighted greenwashing in supply chains by identifying emerging themes and pinpointing gaps that must be addressed in combating greenwashing in global supply chains. Using the PRISMA framework, 58 papers published up to 2024 were critically [...] Read more.

This study aimed to determine how research has highlighted greenwashing in supply chains by identifying emerging themes and pinpointing gaps that must be addressed in combating greenwashing in global supply chains. Using the PRISMA framework, 58 papers published up to 2024 were critically examined. Through this review, five key emerging themes are presented: standardization of regulatory policies, technological innovations for transparency, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria, the role of NGOs in monitoring greenwashing incidences, and industry-specific case studies. The study also identified a dearth of research on industry-specific cases, regional disparities, the implementation of technological innovations for supply chain transparency, and the role of supply chain stakeholders in reducing greenwashing, with only a few papers highlighting NGOs and government. We propose a conceptual framework for combating greenwashing and to promote sustainability in global supply chain operations, paving the way for further academic exploration. We also suggest solutions as well as a guide for future researchers to explore areas that are still underdeveloped and offer recommendations to supply chain policymakers on addressing greenwashing. Full article

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25 pages, 786 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Leading Through Uncertainty: How Transformational and Transactional Leadership Shape Employee Satisfaction and Performance in Lebanese NGOs

by Madonna Salameh-Ayanian, Pauline Lakkis, Nada Jabbour Al Maalouf and Mohammad Makki

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 172; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050172 - 2 May 2025

Viewed by 210

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of transactional and transformational leadership on job satisfaction and employee performance during crises, focusing on the non-governmental organization (NGO) sector. The paper adopts a quantitative research methodology using an online structured questionnaire. Data from 425 NGO employees in [...] Read more.

This paper examines the impact of transactional and transformational leadership on job satisfaction and employee performance during crises, focusing on the non-governmental organization (NGO) sector. The paper adopts a quantitative research methodology using an online structured questionnaire. Data from 425 NGO employees in Lebanon were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling to test the proposed hypotheses. Transactional leadership came to have a modest positive effect on job satisfaction, aligning with previous research that highlights the importance of contingent rewards and supportive supervision. However, it did not significantly influence employee performance, suggesting that its effectiveness may be constrained by the challenges of a volatile crisis environment. In contrast, transformational leadership emerged as a key driver of both job satisfaction and employee performance, emphasizing its critical role in fostering motivation, resilience, and adaptability during turbulent periods. Notably, job satisfaction did not have a significant impact on employee performance, challenging conventional assumptions and underscoring the need for further exploration of context-specific factors in high-stress organizational settings. The findings of the paper contribute to leadership theory and provide actionable insights for enhancing NGO performance in crises. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue HRM and Employee Performance Improvement: Strategies for Employee Development in a Constantly Changing Workplace)

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20 pages, 639 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Toxic Leadership and Job Satisfaction in the Middle Eastern Education Sector: The Influence of Organizational Culture and Trust

by Fida Ragheb Hassanein, Samaneh Mohammadi and Pouya Zargar

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050171 - 30 Apr 2025

Viewed by 172

Abstract

Toxic leadership has profound implications for employees’ psychological wellbeing, particularly in academia, as a supportive workplace is crucial for intellectual prosperity and growth. In various parts of the Middle East, toxic leadership has been a major element in suppressing academic freedom, low levels [...] Read more.

Toxic leadership has profound implications for employees’ psychological wellbeing, particularly in academia, as a supportive workplace is crucial for intellectual prosperity and growth. In various parts of the Middle East, toxic leadership has been a major element in suppressing academic freedom, low levels of creativity, and innovation backed with favoritism, nepotism, and lack of support. This study examines the detrimental effects of toxic leaders on academic staff’s job satisfaction among academic staff in Middle Eastern universities. Grounded in the social learning theory, leader–member exchange theory, and conservation of resources theory, this research examines the mediating effect of organizational culture and trust in leaders. A quantitative approach using partial least squares—structural equation modeling with Smart-PLS software Version 3—was deployed on survey data from 236 faculty members and academic administrators across 11 universities in the region. The results show that toxic leadership significantly reduces job satisfaction, which is better explained by key mediating elements of organizational culture and trust in leaders. The findings highlight the need for fostering a culture of trust, leadership development, and transparent strategies to enhance the academic workplace for the staff and improve the dynamic and performance of the educational environment in the region. This study provides practical recommendations for mitigating toxic leadership in the education sector of the Middle East through empirically validating its detrimental effects on the psychological wellbeing of academic staff, which is a major element that barriers significant academic achievements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Innovative Learning Environments and Entrepreneurial Learning)

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20 pages, 735 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impression Management by Information Technology Professionals When Reporting Flow at Work: A Study at the Individual and Team Levels of Occupational Culture

by Pedro Jácome de Moura, Jr., Carlo G. Porto-Bellini and Eusebio Scornavacca

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 170; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050170 - 30 Apr 2025

Viewed by 167

Abstract

Information technology (IT) professionals have been depicted as good examples of in-flow individuals and teams. Accordingly, their workplace is acknowledged as ludic and relaxed, while also immersive and productive. The present study discusses evidence of actions effected by IT professionals to institutionalize and [...] Read more.

Information technology (IT) professionals have been depicted as good examples of in-flow individuals and teams. Accordingly, their workplace is acknowledged as ludic and relaxed, while also immersive and productive. The present study discusses evidence of actions effected by IT professionals to institutionalize and reinforce this mostly positive image when they report perceptions about themselves, their cohorts, and their routines at work. The study involves the processing of two datasets of responses given by IT professionals to questionnaires on the state of flow at work concurrently with other phenomena of positive psychology at both the individual and team levels. The datasets included contrasting (positive and negative) attitudinal measures that enabled a statistical discussion on whether IT professionals overestimate the positive aspects of their profession. This study concludes that cognitive dissonance and practices of impression management are likely involved in how IT professionals address flow-related questions to reinforce a positive image at work. Recommendations for scholars and industry researchers involve better questionnaire-crafting techniques to minimize measurement and inference biases, as well as contrasting self-reports with actual behaviors to build stronger indicators of the work climate, the routines, and the mood of IT personnel. Full article

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27 pages, 837 KiB

Open AccessArticle

User Experience Dimensions in Digital Peer-to-Peer Platforms: A Grounded Theory Study of Airbnb Online Experiences

by Elena Cerdá-Mansilla, Raquel Lozano-Blasco and Natalia Rubio

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 169; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050169 - 30 Apr 2025

Viewed by 182

Abstract

The current context underscores the growing importance of online formats, prompting managers to focus on creating positive online experiences. This qualitative study examines seven types of online Airbnb experiences using a grounded theory approach and data triangulation. Our findings extend the six-dimensional brand [...] Read more.

The current context underscores the growing importance of online formats, prompting managers to focus on creating positive online experiences. This qualitative study examines seven types of online Airbnb experiences using a grounded theory approach and data triangulation. Our findings extend the six-dimensional brand experience scale, including sensory, affective, behavioral, and intellectual, as well as the additions of interactive and social dimensions, by identifying three new dimensions in Airbnb’s online experiences: mystical, spatio-temporal, and physical. The results suggest that, while these dimensions are present across different types of positive online Airbnb experiences, there are variations depending on the type of experience. Certain experiences, such as entertainment-focused ones, may ensure higher satisfaction and engagement by incorporating a broader range of these dimensions. Full article

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21 pages, 1094 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring Principals’ Perceptions of Market Orientation in Modern Schools

by Eleftheria Palla, Panagiotis Serdaris, Ioannis Antoniadis and Konstantinos Spinthiropoulos

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050168 - 29 Apr 2025

Viewed by 216

Abstract

Background/Purpose: In an increasingly competitive educational landscape, the school principal’s role has expanded beyond instructional leadership to include strategic marketing responsibilities. Yet the role of marketing in school leadership remains underexplored. Our objective was to investigate how Greek secondary school principals perceive marketing’s [...] Read more.

Background/Purpose: In an increasingly competitive educational landscape, the school principal’s role has expanded beyond instructional leadership to include strategic marketing responsibilities. Yet the role of marketing in school leadership remains underexplored. Our objective was to investigate how Greek secondary school principals perceive marketing’s key dimensions (Customer Orientation, Competitor Orientation, and Inter-Functional Coordination) within schools, in comparison to other school staff members. Design/Methodology: A cross-sectional survey design was employed, collecting data using a structured questionnaire adapted from Oplatka and Hemsley-Brown. The sample comprised 350 respondents, including school principals and teaching staff. One-way ANOVA, supplemented by Games–Howell and Kruscall–Wallis tests, was employed to examine group differences across the three dimensions of market orientation. Results: Our findings indicate that principals demonstrate a higher level of Customer Orientation than other staff. However, no significant differences were found in Competitor Orientation or Inter-Functional Coordination across roles. Conclusions/Novelty: The findings suggest that while principals play a key role in aligning school functions and engaging with internal stakeholders, their sensitivity to external competition remains limited. The study highlights the evolving nature of school leadership while showing that marketing strategies in Greek schools are insufficiently implemented, calling for research into how leadership training can enhance market responsiveness. Full article

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21 pages, 342 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Gender Diversity on Boards: A Myth or a Missed Opportunity for Financial Performance?

by Daniel Amo, María-José García-López and Hamid Hamoudi

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 167; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050167 - 29 Apr 2025

Viewed by 171

Abstract

This study examines the influence of gender composition on corporate financial performance, measured by the Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratio and Tobin’s Q, considering both male and female directors. Using an econometric panel data analysis, a dual fixed effects model and the Generalized Method of [...] Read more.

This study examines the influence of gender composition on corporate financial performance, measured by the Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratio and Tobin’s Q, considering both male and female directors. Using an econometric panel data analysis, a dual fixed effects model and the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) were applied to all Spanish listed companies from 2017 to 2022. The findings reveal no statistically significant correlation between gender diversity in the boards of directors (hereinafter, the board) and the financial performance indicators analyzed. However, a significant association was observed between gender diversity in non-board managerial positions and improved firm economic performance. This challenges the traditional focus on female representation in boards by highlighting the broader impact of gender composition across corporate structures. This study underscores the need for a comprehensive theoretical framework that considers both male and female directors to better understand gender diversity dynamics in governance. From a practical perspective, the results emphasize the importance of promoting gender diversity not only at the board level but also across all managerial positions. Policymakers and corporations should implement strategies to foster balanced gender representation throughout management levels to enhance economic performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability in Corporate Governance: Strategy, Practice and Prospect)

11 pages, 260 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring Work Engagement and Cynicism in Industry: A Preliminary Investigation in a Central Italian Engineering Company

by Luca Di Giampaolo, Teresa Galanti, Michela Cortini, Simone De Sio, Claudia Giurgola, Federica Marino, Piergiorgio Astolfi, Rossella Martelli, Daria Ziccardi, Paola Borrelli, Laura Forcella, Maria Elisa Maiolo and Luca Coppeta

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 166; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050166 - 29 Apr 2025

Viewed by 314

Abstract

Background: Work engagement is defined as a positive and fulfilling work-related state of mind, characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption. High levels of engagement are associated with improved organizational functioning and a stronger sense of belonging among employees. Objective: This study, conducted in [...] Read more.

Background: Work engagement is defined as a positive and fulfilling work-related state of mind, characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption. High levels of engagement are associated with improved organizational functioning and a stronger sense of belonging among employees. Objective: This study, conducted in collaboration with a large metalworking company in central Italy, aimed to explore the relationship between work engagement and organizational cynicism among Maintenance Team Leaders. Specifically, the goals were to assess the levels of engagement and emotional involvement and to examine how these dimensions vary according to socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, educational background, and seniority. The ultimate aim was to support occupational physicians and workplace safety officers in identifying the best practices for preventing psychosocial risks, work-related stress, and burnout. Methods: A total of 99 Maintenance Leaders participated in the study. The Italian version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) was used to assess the three core dimensions of engagement: vigor, dedication, and absorption. Additionally, the Cynicism scale development by Naus, Van Iterson, and Roe was administered. Results: While the sample size limits generalizability, the findings offer preliminary insight into engagement levels within this population. The results emphasize the need to expand the sample and to conduct comparative analyses across different teams within the company better understand engagement patterns and inform targeted interventions. Conclusions: Although work engagement has been extensively studied in the healthcare sector, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, limited research has addressed its role in the industrial context, and even less within the metalworking sector. This study contributes to filling that gap by providing an initial profile of engagement among maintenance leaders and by highlighting the interplay between engagement, cynicism, and individual characteristics in a high-demand industrial environment. Full article

19 pages, 738 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Can Strategic Agility Help Retain Public Sector Employees in Times of Uncertainty? A Longitudinal Study

by Iveta Ludviga and Agita Kalvina

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 165; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050165 - 28 Apr 2025

Viewed by 277

Abstract

The world is undergoing significant transformations that compel leaders to embrace more resilient and agile approaches to sustain positive organizational performance. While research concerning organizational strategic agility is growing, its value and application in the public sector are under-researched. This paper aims to [...] Read more.

The world is undergoing significant transformations that compel leaders to embrace more resilient and agile approaches to sustain positive organizational performance. While research concerning organizational strategic agility is growing, its value and application in the public sector are under-researched. This paper aims to explore the role of organizational strategic agility (OSA) in public sector organizations, how perceived OSA contributes to employee intentions to stay, and identify whether this effect is sustained over times of uncertainty. We use a longitudinal study and panel data from the public sector annual engagement survey before, during, and after the COVID-19 crisis, and perform a fixed-effect OLS regression to empirically analyze the impact of the employee perception of trust in leadership, supervisor support, and organizational strategic agility on employee intention to stay (ITS). The findings provide evidence of the value of organizational strategic agility for employees of the organization as a factor positively contributing to intentions to stay in times of uncertainty and identify trust in leadership as an essential contributor to developing OSA in the public sector. It contributes to understanding the value of organizational strategic agility for employees inside the organization in times of uncertainty. It captures the positive effect on employees over organizational and time effects, thus providing evidence of sustained impact. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Organizational Behavior)

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20 pages, 299 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Gender Equality and Sustainability in Vietnamese Higher Education: Educators’ Perspectives

by Muhammad Qasim Rana, Angela Lee, Tran Van Ty and Dao Phong Lam

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 164; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050164 - 28 Apr 2025

Viewed by 265

Abstract

Gender inequality remains a critical challenge in Vietnamese higher education, particularly regarding how academic roles and advancement opportunities are distributed. Despite existing policies promoting gender equality, gaps persist in leadership and career development, potentially limiting women’s representation and growth. This study examines Vietnamese [...] Read more.

Gender inequality remains a critical challenge in Vietnamese higher education, particularly regarding how academic roles and advancement opportunities are distributed. Despite existing policies promoting gender equality, gaps persist in leadership and career development, potentially limiting women’s representation and growth. This study examines Vietnamese educators’ perspectives on gender equality in higher education, focusing on academic rank awareness and attitudes toward gender-related issues. A quantitative research design was employed, using a structured survey distributed among faculty members across different academic ranks, including lecturers, senior lecturers, associate professors, and professors. Data were analysed through statistical measures, including frequencies and percentages, mean scores, standard deviations, the Mann–Whitney U test, the Kruskal–Wallis H-test, and post hoc analysis to assess variations in perspectives on gender equality based on academic positions. The findings reveal significant differences in gender equality awareness across academic ranks. Educators in senior positions reported greater recognition of gender disparities, especially in leadership roles and promotion processes, than those in junior roles, who exhibited less awareness of such issues. This study’s practical implications suggest that Vietnamese higher education institutions should adopt targeted interventions, such as gender awareness programs and transparent promotion processes, to foster a more inclusive environment. Additionally, mentorship programs for female academics could enhance their career advancement opportunities. This research contributes original insights into how the academic hierarchy affects gender equality perceptions within Vietnamese higher education, offering a basis for the development of policies that support equitable career pathways. Full article

19 pages, 888 KiB

Open AccessArticle

AI-Based Anomaly Detection and Optimization Framework for Blockchain Smart Contracts

by Hassen Louati, Ali Louati, Elham Kariri and Abdulla Almekhlafi

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050163 - 27 Apr 2025

Viewed by 219

Abstract

Blockchain technology has transformed modern digital ecosystems by enabling secure, transparent, and automated transactions through smart contracts. However, the increasing complexity of these contracts introduces significant challenges, including high computational costs, scalability limitations, and difficulties in detecting anomalous behavior. In this study, we [...] Read more.

Blockchain technology has transformed modern digital ecosystems by enabling secure, transparent, and automated transactions through smart contracts. However, the increasing complexity of these contracts introduces significant challenges, including high computational costs, scalability limitations, and difficulties in detecting anomalous behavior. In this study, we propose an AI-based optimization framework that enhances the efficiency and security of blockchain smart contracts. The framework integrates Neural Architecture Search (NAS) to automatically design optimal Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures tailored to blockchain data, enabling effective anomaly detection. To address the challenge of limited labeled data, transfer learning is employed to adapt pre-trained CNN models to smart contract patterns, improving model generalization and reducing training time. Furthermore, Model Compression techniques, including filter pruning and quantization, are applied to minimize the computational load, making the framework suitable for deployment in resource-constrained blockchain environments. Experimental results on Ethereum transaction datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant improvements in anomaly detection accuracy and computational efficiency compared to conventional approaches, offering a practical and scalable solution for smart contract monitoring and optimization. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Blockchain Technology and Business Process Design)

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24 pages, 1210 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Outside CEOs’ Hesitancy Toward Environmental Responsibility and the Governance Role of Board Social Capital: Evidence from Pollution-Intensive Firms in China

by Hailiang Zou and Simei Huang

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050162 - 27 Apr 2025

Viewed by 259

Abstract

While outside chief executive officers (CEOs) are often viewed as catalysts for strategic change compared to their inside counterparts, this study reveals their potential to undermine firms’ environmental responsibility. Integrating agency theory with social capital theory, we investigate whether and how board-level social [...] Read more.

While outside chief executive officers (CEOs) are often viewed as catalysts for strategic change compared to their inside counterparts, this study reveals their potential to undermine firms’ environmental responsibility. Integrating agency theory with social capital theory, we investigate whether and how board-level social capital can moderate the sustainability risks associated with outside CEO succession. Using a panel dataset of 989 pollution-intensive Chinese firms from 2010 to 2022, we apply propensity score matching (PSM) to reduce endogeneity in CEO succession decisions, followed by fixed-effects regressions. The empirical results show that outside CEOs, particularly during their early tenure, are more likely to prioritize short-term financial performance over environmental goals—due to limited firm-specific knowledge and heightened external pressure. However, external board social capital (e.g., ties to government and industry associations) enhances resource access and post-appointment accountability, while internal social capital (e.g., co-working experience among directors) establishes common norms that facilitate strategic continuity. This study positions board social capital as a relational governance mechanism that complements formal oversight. The findings contribute to succession and environmental research by linking executive origin to sustainability outcomes and provide practical guidance on leveraging board networks to support leadership transitions. Full article

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33 pages, 872 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An In-Depth Analysis of Barriers to Corporate Sustainability

by Kennedy Mutua, Julieanna Powell-Turner, Melissa Spiers and Jess Callaghan

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 161; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050161 - 27 Apr 2025

Viewed by 369

Abstract

Recent decades have witnessed an unprecedented demand for corporate sustainability. Driven by a desire to remain competitive amidst economic turmoil and climate change, organisations are embedding sustainable measures into their long-term goals and strategies. Despite such progress, corporate sustainability is taking longer than [...] Read more.

Recent decades have witnessed an unprecedented demand for corporate sustainability. Driven by a desire to remain competitive amidst economic turmoil and climate change, organisations are embedding sustainable measures into their long-term goals and strategies. Despite such progress, corporate sustainability is taking longer than anticipated, and to understand the reasons behind the delay, this research employs a systematic literature review to identify and categorise the key barriers to the adoption of corporate sustainability. A collection of barriers from 56 articles is established, totalling 90 unique barriers grouped into six main categories. The findings reveal that corporate sustainability is highly complex, emphasising the need for a transdisciplinary approach that incorporates various theoretical frameworks. The findings will be a general guide for any organisation to prepare itself for tackling sustainability barriers while equipping policymakers in developing policies aimed at reducing their magnitude. Equally, it will provide insights to institutions of higher learning on the significance of cross-industry cooperation to ensure skill gaps are addressed at earlier stages and aligned with organisational needs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leadership and Sustainability: Building a Better Future)

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13 pages, 593 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Utilisation of Artificial Intelligence in the Export Performance of MNCs: The Role of Cultural Distance

by Syed Khusro Chishty, Sonia Sayari, Amani Hamza Mohamed, Mohammed Faishal Mallick, Nusrat Khan and Asra Inkesar

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 160; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050160 - 27 Apr 2025

Viewed by 284

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the internationalisation activities of multinational corporations (MNCs) through enhanced operational efficiencies and optimised decision-making; though the moderating factors influencing its impact on export-led internationalisation remain underexplored. This research adopts a Resource-Based View (RBV) approach to examine the complex [...] Read more.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the internationalisation activities of multinational corporations (MNCs) through enhanced operational efficiencies and optimised decision-making; though the moderating factors influencing its impact on export-led internationalisation remain underexplored. This research adopts a Resource-Based View (RBV) approach to examine the complex relationship between AI capabilities and the export performance of Indian MNCs, with cultural distance serving as a moderating factor, analysing how AI adoption influences export intensity, trade expansion, and market penetration strategies. Data from a 2024 survey of 449 Indian exporters across various industries, analysed using Structural Equation Modelling, reveal that AI capabilities positively impact export performance particularly in markets characterised by high institutional uncertainty and complex regulatory environments. Moreover, cultural distance acts as a significant moderator, amplifying the role of AI in navigating consumer preferences, language barriers, and localised business practices. AI-powered analytics help firms better understand foreign markets, adapt to cultural differences, and optimise international operations. This study advances the scholarly understanding and contributes to internationalisation theory by integrating AI-driven trade strategies with institutional and cultural moderating factors and offers a structured framework for corporate managers and policymakers to formulate AI-based strategic decisions that leverage AI to mitigate trade-related uncertainties, improve their compliance with international regulations, and strengthen global trade competitiveness in emerging economies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Administrative Efficiency and Effectiveness)

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19 pages, 491 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Corporate Social Responsibility from the Aspect of Sustainability—Evidence from the Hungarian HR Sector

by Júlia Szőke and Dóra Lakosy

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050159 - 27 Apr 2025

Viewed by 279

Abstract

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been long examined since every company affects its natural and social environments. This study presents research on CSR practices and their relationship with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the aim to find out about CSR from the aspect [...] Read more.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been long examined since every company affects its natural and social environments. This study presents research on CSR practices and their relationship with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the aim to find out about CSR from the aspect of sustainability in practice. The study reviews the theoretical framework for sustainability and CSR, and by conducting qualitative research focusing on the CSR activities of the Hungarian HR service industry, it presents the relation of these CSR practices to sustainability. This regional focus combined with the industry-specific focus provides the novelty of the study. Results show that the Hungarian HR sector has made a significant contribution to sustainable development in the areas of equality and inclusiveness in the responsible workplace and environmental/ecological responsibility. It was also found that the CSR practices of the examined HR companies greatly overlap, although differences were identified. It concludes that HR companies operating in Hungary can contribute to sustainable development and that the examined companies’ CSR practices are aligned with the SDGs, since sustainability is an integral part of their CSR strategy, though in various degrees. Full article

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20 pages, 1116 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dynamic Effects of Economic Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization on the Export Performance of Ethiopian Privatized Manufacturing Firms

by Mohammed Ahmed Endris, Abebe Ejigu Alemu and Abiot Tsegaye Kibret

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050158 - 25 Apr 2025

Viewed by 276

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamic effect of economic liberalization, privatization, and globalization on the export performance of Ethiopian manufacturing firms. We use structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the direct and indirect influences between these macroeconomic reforms and export performance, which are mediated [...] Read more.

This study investigates the dynamic effect of economic liberalization, privatization, and globalization on the export performance of Ethiopian manufacturing firms. We use structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the direct and indirect influences between these macroeconomic reforms and export performance, which are mediated by firms’ competitive priorities in the global market, using cross-sectional data from 114 manufacturing privatized manufacturing firms by using key informant techniques. The study looks into how firms’ export competitiveness and export performance are affected by economic liberalization, privatization, and global market integration since 1991 national economic reform. This model identified liberalization, privatization, and globalization as independent variables that mediated export performance under competitive priority. The findings of the proposed framework showed that all of the predictive variables (LPG) were significant at p < 0.05, indicating that liberalization, privatization, and economic globalization influence export performance across all competitive priorities. The result further revealed that by expanding access to international markets and promoting competitive efficiency, economic globalization/integration, privatization incentives, and economic liberalization changes all significantly improve export performance. The results also infer that LPG provides an intervening role in boosting export performance under firms’ competitive priorities (cost, flexibility, and quality). However, resolving issues, including inefficient regulations and inconsistent incentives, is important to realize these advantages. To optimize the advantages of these dynamics, policymakers must concentrate on establishing a business environment that encourages firms to partake in export, innovation, and competition. The study contributes to the literature by offering sector-specific insights for policymakers aiming to optimize privatization strategies and trade reforms to boost Ethiopia’s manufacturing exports. The results underscore the need for targeted policy interventions to mitigate short-term disruptions while maximizing long-term export gains in a liberalized economy. Full article

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29 pages, 1255 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors Influencing AI Chatbot Adoption in Government Administration: A Case Study of Sri Lanka’s Digital Government

by Arjuna Srilal Rathnayake, Truong Dang Hoang Nhat Nguyen and Yonghan Ahn

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 157; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050157 - 25 Apr 2025

Viewed by 597

Abstract

This study investigates the factors in acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbot application in Sri Lanka’s government administration services, which can be applied to developing countries, using an extended technology acceptance model (extended TAM) as a new research framework by adding external constructs [...] Read more.

This study investigates the factors in acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbot application in Sri Lanka’s government administration services, which can be applied to developing countries, using an extended technology acceptance model (extended TAM) as a new research framework by adding external constructs such as trust, application design/appearance, and social influence to the technology acceptance model (TAM). Considering the sustainable implementation of AI, it is critical to understand user perspectives given the expanding and intricate integration of AI technology in government operations. Based on previous research, this study provides a structured survey to find out respondents’ thoughts on using AI chatbots to enhance government service delivery. With a valid sample size of 207 responses obtained from Sri Lanka, the data were analyzed using a covariance-based structural equation model (CB-SEM) to test the hypothesized relationships. The findings revealed that social influence (SI) has a positive and significant impact on trust (TR). Also, trust and application design (AD) have a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use (PE), which in turn positively influenced perceived usefulness (PU) and then PE positively influenced attitude (AT) toward behavioral intention (BI) to accept AI chatbot applications in government administrative services. Therefore, this new model proved the effect of new external factors and highlights the importance of those factors in policy implementations for future AI-driven digital government initiatives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Future Trends in Digital Government)

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27 pages, 828 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Being Pushed or Pulled? The Role of (In)voluntariness of Solo Self-Employed Individuals’ Career Path in Self-Fulfillment or Precariousness

by Maria Undine Kottwitz, Nathalie Daibel and Kathleen Otto

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 156; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050156 - 24 Apr 2025

Viewed by 305

Abstract

The rise of solo self-employment in Germany calls for an examination of its consequences for well-being and psychological factors. This study examines the role of voluntariness in self-employment with the aim of shedding light on its influence on self-fulfillment and precariousness amidst the [...] Read more.

The rise of solo self-employment in Germany calls for an examination of its consequences for well-being and psychological factors. This study examines the role of voluntariness in self-employment with the aim of shedding light on its influence on self-fulfillment and precariousness amidst the diverse research findings. Using a quota sampling strategy based on a preliminary typology of the solo self-employed derived from a large-scale survey, we analyzed 29 small business owners. The thematic analysis revealed nuanced patterns that led to a model that illustrated the interaction among voluntarism, insecurity, and self-fulfillment. A high degree of insecurity often forces the individual to be independent and stands in contrast to the pull of self-actualization. Partial voluntariness increases the opportunities for self-fulfillment. This study also identified the influence of the scope of action factors and social support. These results provide a basis for future quantitative research and enable the formulation of concrete hypotheses. By emphasizing the central role of voluntariness, the study argues for tailored interventions such as career counseling to support individuals who are coerced into entrepreneurship. Such efforts aim to cultivate healthier, sustainable pathways to self-employment that benefit individuals and society. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section International Entrepreneurship)

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26 pages, 1915 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Virtuous Leadership for Social Sustainability: Integrating Psychological Well-Being and Attitudes Towards People with Disabilities in the Workplace

by María-José Rodríguez-Araneda and Pablo Livacic-Rojas

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 155; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050155 - 24 Apr 2025

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Abstract

Social sustainability that starts from the workplace is a relevant factor for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Based on this need, this study analyzes the role of virtuous leadership as facilitator of health and inclusive work environments that integrate followers’ psychological [...] Read more.

Social sustainability that starts from the workplace is a relevant factor for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Based on this need, this study analyzes the role of virtuous leadership as facilitator of health and inclusive work environments that integrate followers’ psychological well-being and their attitudes towards people with disabilities. An exploratory design was used with latent variables to assess the proposed virtue-based ethical leadership adjustment model for social sustainability, which presented efficient absolute, comparative, and parsimonious adjustments for its operationalization. In conclusion, virtuous leadership plays a relevant role in the development of followers’ psychological well-being, and attitudes towards people with disabilities in the workplace, contributing to the social sustainability criteria from the work environment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leadership and Sustainability: Building a Better Future)

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23 pages, 3056 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Why Are Labour-Intensive Factories Surviving in Japan? A Case Study of Apparel Sewing SMEs in the North Iwate

by Fusanori Iwasaki, Asuka Chokyu and Yasushi Ueki

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 154; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050154 - 23 Apr 2025

Viewed by 300

Abstract

The choice between domestic and foreign production is one of the most important decisions not only for international business management but also for economic diplomacy and industrial policy. The reality is not a binary choice, but some firms use both. Why do companies [...] Read more.

The choice between domestic and foreign production is one of the most important decisions not only for international business management but also for economic diplomacy and industrial policy. The reality is not a binary choice, but some firms use both. Why do companies maintain labour-intensive production in developed countries in the globalised world? To understand business challenges and strategies, this study examines small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the garment factory agglomeration in the North (Kenpoku) area of Iwate Prefecture, Japan. The in-depth case study, with a special focus on the six competitiveness factors of Japanese apparel firms, recognises that the ‘Made in Japan’ branding strategy is one of the effective ways to attract Japanese customers. This marketing strategy may motivate some firms to consider international market development. However, most Japanese SME apparel manufacturers play the role of original equipment manufacturer (OEM) for specific domestic market-oriented apparel companies. To meet customers’ strict delivery requirements, our case SMEs are developing multi-skilled workers to cope with high-mix small-lot production and fast delivery simultaneously. This management innovation is essential for building long-term business relationships and trust with corporate apparel buyers and surviving competition from products made in China and other developing countries. Full article

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29 pages, 705 KiB

Open AccessReview

Optimizing Employee Attraction and Retention in Hospitality and Tourism: A Systematic Review of Employer Branding Research

by Gabriel Almeida Kilson

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 153; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15050153 - 23 Apr 2025

Viewed by 396

Abstract

The hospitality and tourism (H&T) sector, marked by intense employee–customer interactions, dynamic labor shifts, and high physical and emotional labor demands, faces chronic talent acquisition and retention. Therefore, tailored employer branding (EB) strategies that address the unique characteristics of the H&T sector are [...] Read more.

The hospitality and tourism (H&T) sector, marked by intense employee–customer interactions, dynamic labor shifts, and high physical and emotional labor demands, faces chronic talent acquisition and retention. Therefore, tailored employer branding (EB) strategies that address the unique characteristics of the H&T sector are essential for improving the current situation. Despite the critical need for tailored solutions, a clear and unified approach for H&T companies to effectively manage their EB strategies, including the development of a compelling employee value proposition (EVP) that resonates with targeted professionals, has yet to be established. Following the PRISMA reporting guidelines, a systematic literature review of 30 peer-reviewed articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted to synthesize existing research on EB practices in the H&T sector. The results reveal a fragmented literature that lacks a cohesive framework for categorizing and measuring EVP. The use of varied and inconsistent EVP models and scales across studies hampers comparative analysis and limits the development of generalizable insights. Furthermore, the review highlights a concentration of research within the hotel industry, leaving other important H&T industries, such as the restaurant and cruise industries, underexplored. This SLR emphasizes the urgent need for a unified approach to EB in H&T. Based on these results, promising research avenues are suggested to further advance EB research in H&T, along with managerial implications for enhancing talent attraction and retention in the sector. Full article

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Adm. Sci., Volume 15, Issue 5 (May 2025) – 21 articles

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