Geosciences, Volume 14, Issue 9

In paleobiology and macroevolution research, the spatial aggregation of fossil data can be influenced by the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP), wherein the selection of different grid-cell sizes for data aggregation can lead to variations in stati...

Fine-grained sediments in debris flows refer to Quaternary sediments with grain sizes smaller than 2 mm. Their stability is closely related to the initial water threshold that triggers the debris flows and thus controls the density, scale, and damage...

Two ichnofacies have been named to encompass inland eolian depositional systems, the Octopodichnus and the Entradichnus ichnofacies, and are often combined into a single, Octopodichnus–Entradichnus ichnofacies. In contrast, coastal dune fields...

The present study is devoted to the analysis of extreme sea level oscillations of the Laptev Sea using the ADCIRC model. The numerical modeling is performed on a high-resolution grid and verified for sea level observations from three tide gauges. We...

This study explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in revolutionizing earthquake risk mitigation across six key areas. Unlike traditional approaches, this paper examines how AI-driven innovations can uniquely enhance ear...

The Penacova-Régua-Verin (PRV) and the Manteigas-Vilariça-Bragança (MVB) are two of the longest faults of the Iberian Peninsula. These faults striking NNE–SSW, over lengths of >200 km, were developed during late-Variscan...

Since prehistoric times, indigenous residents of southwest British Columbia, Canada, collected water-worn nephrite specimens from the gravel bars along the Fraser River, using the stone for the manufacture of tools that were widely traded with other...

High-silica adakites exhibit specific compositions, as follows: SiO₂ ≥ 56 wt.%, Al₂O₃ ≥ 15 wt.%, Y ≤ 18 ppm, Yb ≤ 1.9 ppm, K₂O/Na₂O ≥ 1, MgO < 3 wt.%, high Sr/Y (≥10), and La/Yb (>10). Devonian I-type adakitic granitoids in th...

Ferromanganese formations are widespread in the Earth’s aquatic environment. Of all the mechanisms of their formation, the biogenic one is the most debatable. Here, we studied the Fe-Mn crusts of hydrothermal fields near the underwater volcano...

The trend in partial pressure of atmospheric CO₂, P(CO₂), across the 66 MYr of the Cenozoic requires elucidation and explanation. The Null Hypothesis sets sea surface temperature (SST) as the baseline driver for Cenozoic P(CO₂). The crystallization a...

We report on the geologically youngest occurrence of the softshell turtle family Trionychidae in Europe, from middle Calabrian (Emilian) strata cropping out at Montalto, Pisa Province (Tuscany, central Italy). This record indicates that the softshell...

In the Balkhash region of Kazakhstan, there are numerous copper and copper–molybdenum deposits, including superlarge Aktogay, Aidarly, Kounrad, and large Sayak deposits. Despite the proximity to these ore districts, the Arganaty district of the...

The geoconservation policies assumed by the Sicilian Region (Italy) induced to classify as geosites all the geodiversity preserved in the Sicilian natural reserves. In particular, two of these geosites present in the oriented natural reserve of the c...

Virtual mineralogical museums can help visitors construct and enhance their personal scientific mineral models through the information they incorporate. For this to be possible, they must contain a series of key aspects related to minerals’ pro...

Extreme variations in weather patterns have become increasingly common across the Southern Great Plains of the United States. The soil layer in the active zone above the groundwater table is often subjected to moisture variations due to seasonal weat...

Levee failure due to nappe flow and subsequent erosion presents a significant challenge to flood protection infrastructure. This study evaluates the effectiveness of horizontal drainage layers, a common seepage control method, in mitigating these ris...

Carbonate muds are essential sedimentary components in geological carbon cycles. Model carbonate muds are prepared from crushed, sieved carbonate rock. The carbonate rock particles are primarily smaller than 62.5 µm. Steady-state shear viscosit...

Groundwater is a critical resource in the Upper Chao Phraya basin, providing consistent water supplies for agricultural, domestic, and industrial activities, especially during the dry season. This study utilized tritium and carbon-14 dating technique...

A detailed analysis of high-resolution (3.5 kHz) chirp seismic profiles acquired in the Gunsan Basin of the central Yellow Sea revealed that hydrocarbon gases are actively seeping via the formation of many plumes. The uppermost sedimentary layer was...

This paper presents the reconstruction of the architecture of the lithospheric mantle, including its thermal state and thickness, as well as the scale and efficiency of its sampling by four kimberlites from the Arkhangelsk diamondiferous province: Ar...

In many cases, the lateral extension of economically valuable mineral deposits is linked to fractures. Knowing the characteristics of these tectonic structures is crucial for determining the continuity of mineralization in the subsoil and, consequent...

Shear wave velocity is an important parameter for estimating soil properties used in analyzing the dynamic response of soil to seismic loading. This paper focuses on developing a model for predicting shear wave velocity in unsaturated soils. The mode...

To estimate the expected damage due to rockfalls and debris flows for buildings and people, it is essential to assess the response of brick walls to boulder impacts. There are scarce physical tests of the impact of boulders on brick walls, which are...