Cancers, Volume 17, Issue 10

Introduction: Prostate cancer has been generally resistant to immunotherapy approaches. Radiation can be immunostimulatory, but the extent to which standard prostate cancer treatments induce immune activation has not been well described. The bone-tar...

Background/Objectives: Local and systemic factors, including nutritional status, influence the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) loss is a poor prognostic factor in older patients and those with cancer. Here...

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among UK men, yet the lack of a national screening program creates disparities in early detection. PSA testing during primary care is inconsistent, limiting timely diagnosis. The Graham Fulfor...

Background: A previous published Phase 2 trial using 2–4 doses of neoadjuvant cemiplimab in stage II–IV resectable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) demonstrated that a complete pathological (pCR) rate of 51% and major pathological...

Background/Objectives: Recently, many researchers have evaluated various viruses, including polyomaviruses (JCV, BKV) and EBV, as potential factors playing a role in the development and/or progression of prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most common...

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive and fatal malignancies worldwide, posing a significant global health challenge due to its high mortality rates, late-stage diagnosis, and limited therapeutic efficacy [...]

Background/Objectives: The SU2C-SARC032 randomized controlled trial (RCT) tested pembrolizumab combined with preoperative normofractionated radiotherapy as an intensified treatment for high-risk stage III resectable soft tissue sarcoma (STS), demonst...

Cancer immunotherapy, encompassing neoadjuvant and adjuvant interventions, has transformed treatment paradigms in multiple malignancies by leveraging the host immune system to combat tumour cells. While immunotherapies have demonstrated remarkable ef...

Despite substantial improvement in the definitive management of primary prostate cancer, a significant number of patients experience biochemical recurrence—a clinical state in which serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels rise prior to the...

Background: Rare cancers, defined as those with an incidence rate of fewer than 6 cases per 100,000 individuals, contribute to a substantial portion of the global cancer burden. Despite their impact, they receive less attention than more common malig...

Background: The Italian Score for Organ Allocation (ISO), a transplant benefit oriented allocation system, was introduced in Italy in 2016. The main objective of this study is to identify risk factors for Drop-Out in hepatocellular (HCC) patients enl...

The gut microbiota significantly impacts the development and progression of upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including esophageal and gastric cancers. Microbial dysbiosis contributes to carcinogenesis through mechanisms such as inflammation, immu...

Background/Objectives: Several histopathological risk factors have been examined in vulvar cancer (VC) so far. However, the prognostic relevance of morphological biomarkers such as tumor budding (TB) and poorly defined clusters (PDCs) remains to be d...

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a serious problem following abdominal surgery due to gynecologic malignancies leading to increased hospitalization, high costs, and delays in adjuvant treatments; thus, SSIs affect overall survival....

Background/objective: Mucinous borderline tumors of the ovary (MBOTs) are characterized by their unique histological features and intermediate malignant potential; however, the factors underlying their molecular carcinogenesis and tumor biology remai...

Introduction: The treatment of MBC patients is guided by receptor status, with re-biopsy at relapse recommended to reassess hormone receptor (HR) status. Various treatment options are available for HER2-veMBC, including CDK4/6 inhibitors, PARP inhibi...

Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer globally, with most cases classified as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). While transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) remains the gold-standard treatment, its complications, high...

Background/objectives: Brain cancer remains difficult to treat, with survival statistics stagnant for decades. The resistance of glioblastoma brain tumours can greatly challenge the effectiveness of conventional cancer radiotherapy. However, high dos...

Background/Objectives: The PACIFIC trial showed that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) administered after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) significantly improve survival in stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the o...

Background/Objectives: Financial distress from the direct and indirect costs of cancer treatment is a critical issue for many patients with breast cancer, particularly those from underserved populations who may be more vulnerable to financial hardshi...

Introduction: The introduction of biologic therapies and small molecule drugs has revolutionized the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), providing targeted control of inflammation. However, concerns remain regarding their long-term safety...

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) encompass a diverse group of neoplasms arising from the clonal proliferation of B-cell progenitors, T-cell progenitors, mature B-cells, mature T-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. These malignancies account for over 90...

Background: The treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has advanced considerably in recent years. Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) and B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitors (BCL2is) such as venetoclax have largely supplanted chemoimmunothe...

Background: Focal therapy has emerged as a viable alternative to radical prostate cancer treatment, offering oncologic control while minimizing morbidity. EchoLaser focal laser ablation (FLA) is a minimally invasive technique that utilizes high-preci...

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical heterogeneity of sarcomas by examining associations between histological subtypes, metastatic patterns, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes. Methods: We analyzed data from 97,062 adult patients diagnosed w...

Background: Approximately 25.0% of metastatic prostate cancer patients harbour DNA damage repair mutations, including BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are actionable targets for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Accurate detection of BRCA1/2 mutat...

Background/Objective: Survival prediction in the advanced cancer care setting plays a vital role in treatment planning and patients’ arrangements. The aim of this study was to examine the association of the global Edmonton Symptom Assessment Sy...

ADAM (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase) family members are multifunctional transmembrane proteases that govern tumorigenesis and metastasis by cleaving membrane-bound substrates such as growth factors, cytokines, and cell adhesion molecules. Sever...

The increasing incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), together with the ominous risks of metastasis and recurrence, underscores the importance of identifying novel therapies and validated biomarkers to augment patient management, part...

Purpose: Pulsed low dose rate radiotherapy (PLDR) is a radiotherapy approach expected to reduce normal tissue toxicity while maintaining equivalent tumor control as conventional radiotherapy (CRT). This preliminary study evaluates the effectiveness o...

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of lung cancer in patients with a peripheral pulmonary nodule referred for navigation bronchoscopy (NB) is high. Combining NB with a systematic EBUS for staging is common practice. We investigated the added value...

Background/Objectives: The National Cancer Institute introduced the intensified R-da-EPOCH regimen in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMLBCL) to improve outcomes while minimizing radiotherapy use. However, there is no randomized comparison...

Quality of life is a multidimensional construct that encompasses how an individual’s social, emotional, and physical traits influence everyday life [...]

Background/Objectives: This systematic review describes a largely descriptive synthesis of studies investigating the diagnostic performance of quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating benign from malignant peripheral pulmon...

Background/Objectives: Lung cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in the general population and the third most prevalent among women. STAS (Spread Through Air Spaces) is a term used in pathology, particularly in lung cancer. It refers to the spr...

Benign neoplasms and tumor-like lesions of the tongue are relatively rare entities, encompassing a heterogeneous spectrum of morphological alterations. The recent literature focusing on benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of the tongue is relatively...

Background/Objectives: Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, such as resolvins derived from omega-3 fatty acids, play a key role in resolving inflammation and restoring homeostasis. Resolvin D1 and D2, derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), ha...

Background/Objectives: Wilms tumors, the most common pediatric renal tumors, are heterogeneous and consist of varying amounts of three components: blastema, epithelium, and stroma. Postoperative chemotherapy is tailored based on risk group classifica...

Background/Objectives: Cryotherapy involves the insertion of cryoprobes into tumors to induce cell destruction through exposure to extremely low temperatures over several minutes. This localized treatment modality may enhance the efficacy of establis...

Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, often diagnosed at advanced stages due to the lack of effective early diagnostic procedures. To reduce the high mortality rates in OC, reliable biomarkers are urgentl...

Background/Objectives: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is subclassified into small and large duct types. Although these subclassifications may help determine the appropriate treatment strategy, subclassification diagnosis currently depends on p...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal forms of cancer, characterized by a highly desmoplastic tumor microenvironment. One main risk factor is chronic pancreatitis (CP). Progression of CP to PDAC is greatly i...

Background: Flow cytometric detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is complex, time-consuming, and subject to inter-operator variability. Deep neural networks (DNNs) offer potential for standardization and e...

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested an additional increased risk for types of malignancies other than breast and ovarian cancer for female BRCA1/2 GPV carriers, but risk estimates vary widely. The aim of this study was to investigate if fem...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to impart a significant mortality burden in the United States, with a growing number of cases affecting younger individuals. In this study, we set out to characterize predictors of missed colorectal cancer screening...

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Effective screening strategies for early diagnosis that could improve disease prognosis are lacking. Non-invasive breath analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC...

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer chemotherapy patients and survivors face cognitive side effects that are not fully understood. Neuroimaging can provide a unique way to study these effects; however, it can be difficult to recruit large numbers of...

Pain is a complex and burdensome symptom frequently experienced by oncological patients. Despite increased attention from healthcare providers and novel approaches, pain remains undertreated and prevalent in this patient population. Programs of patie...

Purpose: Marker placement in a pathological node improves extirpation rates in breast cancer cases with limited axillary involvement. Our goal was to assess the current indications for seed-marked axillary lymph node dissection (SMALND). Methods: We...

Background/Objectives: We aimed to discover genes with bimodal expression linked to patient outcomes, to reveal underlying oncogenotypes and identify new therapeutic insights in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods: We performed meta-analysis to scree...