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Toxins, Volume 13, Issue 5

May 2021 - 72 articles

Cover Story: Colibactin, encoded by the pks biosynthetic gene cluster, is a genotoxin primarily produced by B2 phylogroup Escherichia coli strains prevalent in the human intestine. The pks island has attracted significant scientific interest owing to its demonstrable tumorigenic effect in preclinical models coupled with limited structural delineation of colibactin. Recently, colibactin’s structural identification has helped shed light on its oncogenic mode-of-action as a mutagenic alkylating agent, capable of promoting driver mutations observed in colon cancer. Further research has elucidated how colibactin production and functionality are regulated within the host intestinal tract, clarifying colibactin’s mutagenic influence in physiologic conditions. In this review, we summarize these findings and consider the open questions related to colibactin’s potential as a microbially derived carcinogen. View this paper
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Articles (72)

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,905 Views
15 Pages

Different Biological Activities of Histidine-Rich Peptides Are Favored by Variations in Their Design

  • Morane Lointier,
  • Candice Dussouillez,
  • Elise Glattard,
  • Antoine Kichler and
  • Burkhard Bechinger

20 May 2021

The protein transduction and antimicrobial activities of histidine-rich designer peptides were investigated as a function of their sequence and compared to gene transfection, lentivirus transduction and calcein release activities. In membrane environ...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,053 Views
8 Pages

20 May 2021

Laboratory selection for resistance of field populations is a well-known and useful tool to understand the potential of insect populations to evolve resistance to insecticides. It provides us with estimates of the frequency of resistance alleles and...

  • Review
  • Open Access
22 Citations
7,444 Views
15 Pages

The Role of Ultrasound for the Personalized Botulinum Toxin Treatment of Cervical Dystonia

  • Urban M. Fietzek,
  • Devavrat Nene,
  • Axel Schramm,
  • Silke Appel-Cresswell,
  • Zuzana Košutzká,
  • Uwe Walter,
  • Jörg Wissel,
  • Steffen Berweck,
  • Sylvain Chouinard and
  • Tobias Bäumer

20 May 2021

The visualization of the human body has frequently been groundbreaking in medicine. In the last few years, the use of ultrasound (US) imaging has become a well-established procedure for botulinum toxin therapy in people with cervical dystonia (CD). I...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,797 Views
5 Pages

Equations to Predict Growth Performance Changes by Dietary Deoxynivalenol in Pigs

  • Jongkeon Kim,
  • Jin Young Jeong,
  • Jung Yeol Sung and
  • Beob Gyun Kim

19 May 2021

The objectives of the present work were to assess the accuracy of previously published equations for predicting effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) on the growth performance changes of pigs and to update equations based on recently published data. A tota...

  • Review
  • Open Access
26 Citations
6,398 Views
16 Pages

19 May 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health concern that affects approximately 10% of the global population. CKD is associated with poor outcomes due to high frequencies of comorbidities such as heart failure and cardiovascular disease. Uremic to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,217 Views
10 Pages

19 May 2021

Although female dysfunctional voiding (DV) is common in urological practice, it is difficult to treat. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of urethral botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) on non-neurogenic female DV. Based on the videourodynamic stud...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,878 Views
17 Pages

18 May 2021

The high toxic abrin from the plant Abrus precatorius is a type II ribosome-inactivating protein toxin with a human lethal dose of 0.1–1.0 µg/kg body weight. Due to its high toxicity and the potential misuse as a biothreat agent, it is of great impor...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,616 Views
8 Pages

18 May 2021

Although intravesical botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection for functional bladder disorders is effective, the injection-related problems—such as bladder pain and urinary tract infection—make the procedure invasive and inconvenient. Several vehic...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,293 Views
16 Pages

17 May 2021

Botulinum toxin-A (BoNT-A) blocks acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and is widely used for neuromuscular disorders (involuntary spasms, dystonic disorders and spasticity). However, its therapeutic effects are usually measured...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,785 Views
18 Pages

17 May 2021

The primary studies have shown that scorpion analgesic peptide N58A has a significant effect on voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and plays an important role in neuropathic pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the analgesic effect o...

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Toxins - ISSN 2072-6651Creative Common CC BY license