Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery (NMDD) for active targeting of diseases is a primary goal of nanomedicine. NPs have much to offer in overcoming the limitations of traditional drug delivery approaches, including off-target drug toxicity and t...
Targeting nanoparticle (NP) carriers to sites of disease is critical for their successful use as drug delivery systems. Along with optimization of physicochemical properties, researchers have focused on surface modification of NPs with biological lig...
Drug nanocrystals, which are comprised of active pharmaceutical ingredients and only a small amount of essential stabilizers, have the ability to improve the solubility, dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs; in turn, drug nan...
Over the past few decades, finding more efficient and selective administration routes has gained significant attention due to its crucial role in the bioavailability, absorption rate and pharmacokinetics of therapeutic substances. The pulmonary deliv...
Cancer is a complex disease affecting millions of people worldwide, with over a hundred clinically approved drugs available. In order to improve therapy, treatment, and response, it is essential to draw better maps of the targets of cancer drugs and...
The tumor-specific targeting of chemotherapeutic agents for specific necrosis of cancer cells without affecting the normal cells poses a great challenge for researchers and scientists. Though extensive research has been carried out to investigate che...
Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide and its treatment remains very challenging. The effectiveness of cancer therapy significantly depends upon tumour-specific delivery of the drug. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have been develop...
In drug development, it is not uncommon that an active substance exhibits efficacy in vitro but lacks the ability to specifically reach its target in vivo. As a result, targeted drug delivery has become a primary focus in the pharmaceutical sciences....
Antibodies are not only an important class of biotherapeutic drugs, but also are targeting moieties for achieving active targeting drug delivery. Meanwhile, the rapidly increasing application of antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins has inspired the emer...
The discovery and development of new pharmaceutical drugs is a costly, time-consuming, and highly manual process, with significant challenges in ensuring drug bioavailability at target sites. Computational techniques are highly employed in drug desig...
The journey of chemotherapeutic drugs from the site of administration to the site of action is confronted by several factors including low bioavailability, uneven distribution in major organs, limited accessibility of drug molecules to the distant tu...
Nanoparticle carriers offer the possibility of enhanced delivery of therapeutic payloads in tumor tissues due to tumor-selective accumulation through the enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR). Gold nanoparticles (AuNP), in particular, poss...
Liposomes are intensively used as nanocarriers for biology, biochemistry, medicine, and in the cosmetics industry and their non-toxic and biocompatible nature makes these vesicles attractive systems for biomedical applications. Moreover, the conjugat...
Chemotherapy has been the predominant treatment modality for cancer patients, but its overall performance is still modest. Difficulty in penetration of tumor tissues, a toxic profile in high doses, multidrug resistance in an array of tumor types, and...
The human gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH-I) and its sea lamprey analogue GnRH-III specifically bind to GnRH receptors on cancer cells and can be used as targeting moieties for targeted tumor therapy. Considering that the selective release of dr...
Among various homing devices, gonadotropin-releasing hormone-III (GnRH-III) peptide represents a suitable targeting moiety for drug delivery systems. The anti-tumor activity of the previously developed GnRH-III-[4Lys(Bu),8Lys(Dau=Aoa)] conjugate and...
Oxidative stress (OS), generated by the overrun of reactive species of oxygen and nitrogen (RONS), is the key cause of several human diseases. With inflammation, OS is responsible for the onset and development of clinical signs and the pathological h...
Malignant tumors are characterized by structural and molecular peculiarities providing a possibility to directionally deliver antitumor drugs with minimal impact on healthy tissues and reduced side effects. Newly formed blood vessels in malignant les...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents a great challenge to the successful delivery of the anticancer drugs. The intrinsic characteristics of the PDAC microenvironment and drugs resistance make it suitable for therapeutic approaches with...
Although selective tumor delivery of anticancer drugs has been sought by exploiting either passive targeting or by ligand-mediated targeting, a selective anticancer therapy remains an unmet medical need. Despite the advances which have been achieved...
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed tumors and the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The use of nanosystems specifically targeted to tumor cells (active targeting) can be an excellent therapeutic tool to impro...
The field of nanotechnology has exploded in recent years with diverse arrays of applications. Cancer therapeutics have recently seen benefit from nanotechnology with the approval of some early nanoscale drug delivery systems. A diversity of novel del...
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have attracted great attention in many biomedical fields and are used in preclinical/experimental drug delivery, hyperthermia and medical imaging. In this study, biocompatible magnetite drug carrier...
Background. To date, a number of human pathogenic viruses are still unaddressed by the current repertoire of approved antiviral drugs. In order to widen this spectrum of preventive measures against virus infections, we have focused on additional host...
Plant-derived proteins have emerged as leading candidates in several drug and food delivery applications in diverse pharmaceutical designs. Zein is considered one of the primary plant proteins obtained from maize, and is well known for its biocompati...
The increased research activity aiming at improved delivery of pharmaceutical molecules indicates the expansion of the field. An efficient therapeutic delivery approach is based on the optimal choice of drug-carrying vehicle, successful targeting, an...
Targetable alterations in cancer offer novel opportunities to the drug discovery process. However, pre-clinical testing often requires solubilization of these drugs in cosolvents like dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Using a panel of cell lines commonly us...
On a global scale, lung cancer is acknowledged to be the major driver of cancer death attributable to treatment challenges and poor prognosis. Classical cancer treatment regimens, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, can be used to treat lung cancer...
Active targeting can improve the retention of drugs and drug delivery systems in tumors, thereby enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. In this context, vitamin receptors that are overexpressed in many cancers are promising targets. In the last decade...
Tumorous metastasis is a difficult challenge to resolve for researchers and for clinicians. Targeted delivery of antitumor drugs towards tumor cells’ nuclei can be a practical approach to resolving this issue. This work describes an efficient n...
The third most common cancer worldwide is colon cancer (CC). Every year, there more cases are reported, yet there are not enough effective treatments. This emphasizes the need for new drug delivery strategies to increase the success rate and reduce s...
Cancer continues to pose one of the most critical challenges in global healthcare. Despite the wide array of existing cancer drugs, the primary obstacle remains in selectively targeting and eliminating cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy...
Only a mere fraction of the huge variety of human pathogenic viruses can be targeted by the currently available spectrum of antiviral drugs. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak has highlighted the urgent need for...
Receptors for gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) are highly expressed in various human cancers including breast, ovarian, endometrial, prostate and colorectal cancer. Ligands like human GnRH-I or the sea lamprey analogue GnRH-III represent a promi...
Peptides of natural and synthetic sources are compounds operating in a wide range of biological interactions. They play a key role in biotechnological applications as both therapeutic and diagnostic tools. They are easily synthesized thanks to solid-...
Regardless of the presence or absence of specific diagnostic mutations, many cancer patients fail to respond to EGFR-targeted therapeutics, and a personalized approach is needed to identify putative (non)responders. We found previously that human per...
Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), like leishmaniasis, are major causes of mortality in resource-limited countries. The mortality associated with these diseases is largely due to fragile healthcare systems, lack of access to medicines, and resistanc...
Nanomedicine as a multimodality treatment of cancer utilizes the advantages of nanodelivery systems of drugs. They are superior to the clinical administration of different therapeutic agents in several aspects, including simultaneous delivery of drug...
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are molecules that selectively degrade a protein of interest (POI). The incorporation of ligands that recruit mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) into PROTACs, forming the so-called MDM2-based PROTACs, has shown prom...
Poor selectivity to tumor cells is a major drawback in the clinical application of the antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX). Peptide–drug conjugates (PDCs) constructed by modifying antitumor drugs with peptide ligands that have high affinity to cer...
Developing drug delivery systems to target cytotoxic drugs directly into tumor cells is still a compelling need with regard to reducing side effects and improving the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. In this work, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNs) ha...
Multifunctional nanomedicines with active targeting and stimuli-responsive drug release function utilizing pathophysiological features of the disease are regarded as an effective strategy for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Under the inflamma...
The ability to manipulate therapeutic agents in fluids is of interest to improve the efficiency of targeted drug delivery. Ultrasonic manipulation has great potential in the field of therapeutic applications as it can trap and manipulate micro-scale...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints and results in reduced patient quality of life due to its chronic nature and several comorbidities. RA is also associated with a high socioeconomic burden. Currently, several...
Fucoidan belongs to the family of marine sulfated, L-fucose-rich polysaccharides found in the cell wall matrix of various brown algae species. In the last few years, sulfated polysaccharides have attracted the attention of researchers due to their br...
Among respiratory infections, tuberculosis was the second deadliest infectious disease in 2020 behind COVID-19. Inhalable nanocarriers offer the possibility of actively targeting anti-tuberculosis drugs to the lungs, especially to alveolar macrophage...
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a semipermeable system, and, therefore, most of the active substances are poorly transported through this barrier, resulting in decreased therapeutic effects. Angiopep-2 (TFFYGGSRGKRNNFKTEEY) is a peptide ligand...
One of the main factors limiting the effectiveness of many drugs is the difficulty of their delivery to their target site in the cell and achieving the desired therapeutic dose. Moreover, the accumulation of the drug in healthy tissue can lead to ser...
Monoterpenoids are a structurally diverse class of natural products with a long-standing history of therapeutic use. Despite their promising bioactivities, their clinical development has been limited by dose-dependent toxicities, poor pharmacokinetic...
Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the only thrombolytic agent that has been approved by the FDA for treatment of ischemic stroke. However, a high dose intravenous infusion is required to maintain effective drug concentration, owing t...
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