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218 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
2,273 Views
25 Pages

10 December 2023

Based on the “Production-Living-Ecological Space” evaluation system, we hereby form its functional index and take the results of corresponding functional measurement to analyze the spatial pattern, functional evolution, and coupling chara...

  • Article
  • Open Access
56 Citations
4,352 Views
20 Pages

9 December 2021

Referencing the land use classification system of the “production-living-ecological” space and using 1 km × 1 km grids, this study examines the spatial pattern changes of “production-living-ecological” space in Guangdong...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,227 Views
22 Pages

31 August 2022

To understand the changing pattern of urban carbon metabolism from the perspective of urban “production–living–ecological” (PLE) space, taking Suzhou City as an example, this study constructed a carbon metabolic network model...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
2,790 Views
21 Pages

2 November 2022

The function evaluation and coordination analysis of production–living–ecological space is of great significance for guiding the high-quality development of territorial space. Considering the complexity of territorial space, this study co...

  • Review
  • Open Access
90 Citations
5,894 Views
15 Pages

25 February 2022

The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the optimization of territorial space development patterns as the primary measure of ecological civilization construction, and put forward the goal of “promoting intensive a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Citations
3,896 Views
17 Pages

23 September 2021

With rapid urbanization and industrialization, China’s metropolises have undergone a huge shift in land use, which has had a profound impact on the ecological environment. Accordingly, the contradictions between regional production, living, and ecolo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,974 Views
15 Pages

21 August 2023

The identification, evaluation, and spatial distribution of “Production–Living–Ecological” space (PLEs) have been widely studied, but there is still little attention paid to whether their distribution characteristics will vary...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,530 Views
19 Pages

15 July 2024

Based on five periods of Landsat remote sensing data from 1980 to 2020, this study constructs a landscape ecological risk-ecosystem service value evaluation model and integrates it with a geodetector model to analyse the environmental benefits of the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,404 Views
21 Pages

15 January 2023

Effective production, living, and ecological space allocation is essential for advancing territorial policy optimization and improving the sustainability of land resource use. Based on the theory of the “production-living-ecological” spac...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,443 Views
19 Pages

Evolution of Land Use and Its Hydrological Effects in the Fenhe River Basin Under the Production–Living–Ecological Space Perspective

  • Junzhe Zhang,
  • Azhar Ali Laghari,
  • Qingxia Guo,
  • Jiyao Liang,
  • Akash Kumar,
  • Zhenghao Liu,
  • Yongheng Shen and
  • Yuehan Wei

20 December 2024

Analysing the patterns and impacts of land-use changes in the production–living–ecological space (PLES) of the Fenhe River Basin (FRB 39,721 km2), China, is necessary to support sustainable development. Based on remote sensing images from...

  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
3,322 Views
26 Pages

Spatio-Temporal Variation and Influencing Factors of the Coupling Coordination Degree of Production-Living-Ecological Space in China

  • Xinghua Cui,
  • Ning Xu,
  • Wanxu Chen,
  • Guanzheng Wang,
  • Jiale Liang,
  • Sipei Pan and
  • Binqiao Duan

Territorial space is a multi-functional complex. The coordinated production-living-ecological space (PLES) effectively coordinates the man-land relationship, promotes regional sustainable development, and maximizes territorial space. How to build a h...

  • Article
  • Open Access
870 Views
17 Pages

11 August 2025

To explore new methods for the conservation and utilization of traditional villages, a research path of “spatial distribution analysis–traditional village classification–pattern language identification” was constructed. First,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
82 Citations
6,327 Views
18 Pages

5 March 2020

Production–living–ecological (PLE) space is the basic site of all human activities. The coordinated development of these three spaces is an important prerequisite for achieving sustainable development goals. However, a quantitative assess...

  • Article
  • Open Access
45 Citations
3,097 Views
13 Pages

4 August 2022

Rapid urbanization and land-use change cause risk in regional ecological security. It is very significance to explore the evolutionary trend of land-use change and landscape ecological risk (LER) in an ecologically fragile area, especially in terms o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Citations
4,122 Views
27 Pages

With the acceleration of economic and social development and the increasing competition between multi-functional spaces, the coordination and stability of land space have been seriously affected. In order to simulate the conflict pattern of “pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,020 Views
15 Pages

3 July 2023

The rapid development of industrialization and urbanization aggravates the tension of human–land relationships, leading to increasingly prominent contradictions and a serious imbalance in the relationship among production–living–eco...

  • Article
  • Open Access
38 Citations
3,656 Views
22 Pages

Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Conflict Identification of Production–Living–Ecological Space in the Yellow River Basin

  • Furui Xi,
  • Runping Wang,
  • Jusong Shi,
  • Jinde Zhang,
  • Yang Yu,
  • Na Wang and
  • Zhiyi Wang

18 May 2022

Production–living–ecological space (PLES) is the main body of the optimization of the development and protection pattern of territorial space, and the spatial conflict in PLES reflects a struggle for ecological protection and socio-econom...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,852 Views
21 Pages

14 December 2024

Ecological zoning is essential for optimizing regional ecological management and improving environmental protection efficiency. While previous studies have primarily focused on the independent analysis of land use intensity (LUI) and landscape ecolog...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
3,516 Views
19 Pages

The main function zone (MFZ) is the major strategy of China’s economic development and ecological environment protection. Clarifying the logical relationship between “MFZ strategy” and “territorial spatial layout” is vit...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,410 Views
15 Pages

16 November 2022

The internal trade-off of land space is caused by the competition of land use for multiple functions, such as agricultural production, economic development and ecological protection. In response to this common problem, this study uses a positive and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
4,654 Views
13 Pages

10 January 2021

(1) Background: Clarify the coordinated development level of production, living, and ecological spaces in the underdeveloped areas of China and their relationship with the intensity of human activity. Explore and address the problems that are likely...

  • Article
  • Open Access
156 Views
27 Pages

1 January 2026

The evolution of “Production–Living–Ecological” spaces (PLESs) in mountainous rural areas is shaped by complex interactions between terrain gradients and socio-economic factors. However, existing research lacks a targeted expl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,614 Views
24 Pages

22 January 2025

Effective production, living, and ecological space allocation is essential for improving and optimizing urban space development. In this study, we proposed a production–living–ecological space (PLES) identification method based on Point o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,659 Views
23 Pages

11 November 2024

Since the introduction of the rural revitalization strategy by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2017, there have been significant transformations in the production–living–ecological space (PLES) within village...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,115 Views
23 Pages

5 August 2024

The rational allocation of land resources is crucial to ensuring human well-being, livelihood, and survival. The study of Production-Living-Ecological Space (PLES) provides new perspectives on land resource allocation. However, few studies have asses...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,216 Views
30 Pages

15 May 2025

Sustainable land-use planning in peri-urban areas relies on informed decision-making guided by the examination of various development strategies. This study demonstrates a policy-based multi-scenario simulation which can serve as an aid to decision-m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
3,071 Views
26 Pages

6 July 2022

The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) is a major “river source” and “ecological source” in China, as well as South Asia and Southeast Asia, and is a typical plateau region. Studying the evolution characteristics and ecological...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
2,950 Views
19 Pages

The urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, which is the second largest urban agglomeration in China, represents a typical land space range of ecological vulnerability in China. Large differences occur in economic development...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,431 Views
21 Pages

9 June 2022

United Nations Sustainable Development Goal SDG11.3.1—the ratio of land consumption rate (LCR) to population growth rate (PGR) (LCRPGR)—aims to measure the efficiency and sustainability of urban land use. In recent years, SDG11.3.1 has be...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,012 Views
25 Pages

Study on the Coupling Coordination Degree and Driving Mechanism of “Production-Living-Ecological” Space in Ecologically Fragile Areas: A Case Study of the Turpan–Hami Basin

  • Yue Gao,
  • Linyan Bai,
  • Kefa Zhou,
  • Yanfei Kou,
  • Weiting Yuan,
  • Xiaozhen Zhou,
  • Ziyun Qiu,
  • Dequan Zhao,
  • Zhihong Lv and
  • Qiulan Wu
  • + 2 authors

19 October 2024

One of the key conditions for achieving superior regional growth is ensuring the harmonious development of both the layout and functions of territorial space. Territorial space, which includes production space, living space, and ecological space, ser...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
3,240 Views
23 Pages

The linkage mechanisms and optimization strategies between land use transition and eco-environmental effects that occur in the production-living-ecological space of karst mountain areas remain under-explored in the current literature. Based on county...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
2,933 Views
18 Pages

20 July 2022

Production-living-ecological space (PLES) constitutes territorial space, and how to scientifically optimize PLES has become the core issue of territorial spatial planning in China. This paper constructs a spatial classification system for PLES based...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
3,732 Views
22 Pages

The division of the territorial space functional area is the primary method to study the rational exploitation and use of land space. The research on the Production–Living–Ecological Space (PLES) change and its motivating factors has majo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,075 Views
39 Pages

5 November 2025

The coordinated development of Production-Living-Ecological (PLE) spaces has emerged as a core challenge for regional sustainability amid rapid urbanization processes. This study examines the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration (2001–2021) usin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
766 Views
22 Pages

18 July 2025

In the stage of high-quality development, the functional coordination between transportation systems and territorial space is a key issue for improving urban spatial efficiency. This paper breaks through the traditional volume-to-capacity ratio analy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
3,445 Views
23 Pages

1 April 2022

Frequent human activities have led to different types of land use conflicts which seriously restricted the multi-functional land use and the optimal allocation of resources. Optimizing the development and utilization pattern of land space, carrying o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,657 Views
22 Pages

31 March 2024

Territorial spatial planning requires thoughtful consideration of the scientific layout and synergistic control of production, living, and ecological spaces (PLESs). However, research in this field often neglects the human perspective and fails to ac...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,004 Views
25 Pages

31 August 2022

Located in China’s Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, the Daqing River Basin has a high economic development level. The natural and social conditions within the basin vary greatly, and the spatial configuration of the Production–Li...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,966 Views
21 Pages

Spatiotemporal Variations of Production–Living–Ecological Space under Various, Changing Climate and Land Use Scenarios in the Upper Reaches of Hanjiang River Basin, China

  • Pengtao Wang,
  • Xupu Li,
  • Liwei Zhang,
  • Zhuangzhuang Wang,
  • Jiangtao Bai,
  • Yongyong Song,
  • Hongzhu Han,
  • Ting Zhao,
  • Guan Huang and
  • Junping Yan

13 September 2023

Land is an important resource that supports the production, life, and ecological development of human society. The current research on production–living–ecological space (PLES) is mainly focusing on the identification of single and domina...

  • Article
  • Open Access
44 Citations
3,896 Views
24 Pages

29 November 2021

The coordinated development of the territorial spatial pattern and its function is an important prerequisite for the realization of regional high-quality development. This paper aims to reveal the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial–tem...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
953 Views
25 Pages

18 February 2025

China’s rapid economic growth has increased tensions between production, living, and ecological spaces (PLES), making sustainable land-use planning difficult. Therefore, PLES evolution and processes are a focus of current research. Remote sensi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
3,403 Views
20 Pages

8 May 2022

Accurately identifying the rural production-living-ecological space (PLES) of different islands can help reveal their distinct natural resources and land-use situations, which is significant for the sorted management, subarea utilization, and protect...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,467 Views
15 Pages

14 July 2022

We investigate the eco-environmental effects and the driving factors of transforming the production–living–ecological space (PLES) land use function and offer a scientific foundation for developing regional territorial area and environmen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,452 Views
15 Pages

18 February 2025

The Yellow River Basin (YRB) serves as a critical ecological functional and economic zone in China. However, due to the rapid economic and social development, the YRB has encountered dual pressure from the anthropogenic disturbances and climate chang...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,206 Views
17 Pages

Spatial Identification and Interactive Analysis of Urban Production—Living—Ecological Spaces Using Point of Interest Data and a Two-Level Scoring Evaluation Model

  • Ying Yang,
  • Yawen Liu,
  • Congmou Zhu,
  • Xinming Chen,
  • Yi Rong,
  • Jing Zhang,
  • Bingbing Huang,
  • Longlong Bai,
  • Qi Chen and
  • Yue Su
  • + 1 author

16 October 2022

Identifying urban production–living–ecological spaces and their interactive relationships is conducive to better understanding and optimizing urban space development. This paper took the main urban area of Hangzhou city as an example, and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,252 Views
19 Pages

31 January 2023

The transition of land use function and its effects on ecosystem services is a key issue in eco-environmental protection and is the basis of territorial space governance and optimization. Previous studies have typically selected land use types to eva...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
4,302 Views
24 Pages

13 June 2022

With industrialization and urbanization, the competition among land production, living, and ecological (PLE) spaces has intensified. Particularly in ecological reserves, competition among various types of land use restricts the coordinated developmen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,860 Views
18 Pages

28 August 2022

With the rapid population growth and accelerating urbanization process, people compete for the scarce land resources to pursue their incompatible interests. Thus, a series of land-use conflicts (LUCs) problems are caused. Scientifically identifying t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,238 Views
18 Pages

7 March 2024

The comprehensive evaluation of China’s major function-oriented zoning, grounded in scientific principles, has evolved into a nationwide initiative aimed at promoting regional coordinated sustainable development. A pivotal focus during this tra...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,515 Views
17 Pages

14 October 2022

Land use conflicts induced by human activities cause accelerated soil erosion. The response of soil erosion to spatial conflict in production-living-ecological space (PLES) is not clearly understood. In this research, models such as PLES spatial conf...

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