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  • Article
  • Open Access
104 Views
15 Pages

From Standards to Adoption: The Italian IT-Wallet as an Early Implementation of the European Digital Identity Wallet

  • Giuseppe De Marco,
  • Costanza Rosati,
  • Luigi Cestoni,
  • Fabio Di Loreto and
  • Paolo Donzelli

30 October 2026

The European Digital Identity Wallet (EUDI Wallet) is reshaping how citizens across Europe access, manage, and share verifiable credentials. Peer-reviewed work explains wallet protocols, trust frameworks, and adoption barriers, but it rarely links th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
133 Views
31 Pages

29 October 2026

God agents, i.e., agents that accumulate excessive responsibilities, have become an increasingly common problem in modern multi-agent systems and agent frameworks. As business logic grows, interaction scenarios become more complex, and agents are exp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
113 Views
23 Pages

Repairing Code Defects Through Multiple LLM Collaboration and Failure Information Capturing

  • Jiaxuan Han,
  • Zeyuan Zhou,
  • Gang Cao,
  • Qiucheng Ban and ,
  • Yongjin Cheng and
  • Binyuan Yan
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

29 October 2026

In recent years, the advent of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced automatic program repair (APR). However, due to a lack of domain-specific software engineering knowledge, base LLMs are prone to hallucinations during the repair p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
82 Views
21 Pages

Towards a Software Architecture Description for Tax Compliance

  • Michael Dorner,
  • Oliver Treidler,
  • Tom-Eric Kunz,
  • Ehsan Zabardast and ,
  • Daniel Mendez,
  • Darja Šmite,
  • Maximilian Capraro and
  • Krzysztof Wnuk
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

28 October 2026

The internal reuse of software components owned by organizational units in different countries constitutes an implicit form of licensing that may be taxable under international regulations, making tax authorities an often overlooked stakeholder in so...

  • Article
  • Open Access
146 Views
19 Pages

Measuring Hallucination in Large Language Models: A Probabilistic Study of Context Persistence Effects

  • Arhat Anil Dahiwale,
  • Mithunvisvesh Sureshkumar,
  • Sree Varun Manoj Kumar,
  • Meera K. Nagendra Rao and ,
  • Venkatesh Bajjareddy,
  • Rashmi Mogenahalli Ranganath and
  • Yuqing Lin
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

24 October 2026

In this paper, a semi-deterministic approach is introduced for evaluating the answer-and-reasoning reliability of large language models using propositional logic and Bernoulli random variables. We focus on an operational class of hallucination define...

  • Article
  • Open Access
239 Views
31 Pages

15 October 2026

Vibe coding uses repeated natural-language prompts and minimal code review in large language model (LLM)-based development. Development may end before sufficient client–LLM context co-construction occurs. We propose CO-constructed SPECification...

(This article belongs to the Topic Applications of NLP, AI, and ML in Software Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
281 Views
30 Pages

9 October 2026

Reproducible packet-level wireless experimentation requires more than access to a testbed or a traffic generator: the configuration, packet evidence, metric semantics, software state, and provenance of an execution must remain connected. Existing phy...

  • Review
  • Open Access
204 Views
33 Pages

7 October 2026

Requirements prioritization methods increasingly consider multiple quality dimensions simultaneously, but the way these dimensions are aggregated determines what information reaches decision-makers: methods that combine dimensions into a single score...

  • Perspective
  • Open Access
432 Views
17 Pages

22 September 2026

The introduction of AI coding assistants has significantly increased developer productivity by accelerating code generation at the developer level. However, this acceleration has shifted organizational bottlenecks downstream toward provisioning, secu...

(This article belongs to the Topic Recent Advances in AI-Enhanced Software Engineering and Web Services)
  • Article
  • Open Access
501 Views
20 Pages

Inclusion in Software Development Teams: An Empirical Study

  • Saiqa Aleem,
  • Faheem Ahmed,
  • Luiz Fernando Capretz and
  • Shayma Alkobaisi

11 September 2026

In a software development team, people work together in different roles to carry out the activities of the software development process. Human factors have always been critical in managing software teams. However, they have always been overshadowed b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
284 Views
27 Pages

From Ethical Values to Process Quality in Agile Software Engineering: The Quality Value Driver (QVD) Framework

  • Moshe Davidian,
  • Dikla Mazliah,
  • Grant Slovin,
  • Ben-Zion Joshua and ,
  • Yotam Lurie and
  • Shlomo Mark
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

9 September 2026

Software-intensive organizations increasingly face the challenge of integrating ethical considerations into routine work practices while maintaining process quality and organizational performance. This study develops the Quality Value Driver (QVD) fr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
724 Views
22 Pages

Investigating Parallel Scaling Bottlenecks Across Rust, Julia, Haskell, and Python: Workload–Runtime Signatures

  • Muhammad Hassam Aslam Khan,
  • Daniel Stapleton,
  • Medha Kulkarni,
  • Isaac Manring and ,
  • Md Rifat Ullah and
  • Rajeev R. Raje
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

30 August 2026

Parallel performance depends not only on programming language and runtime design, but also on how the dominant execution bottleneck changes as parallelism increases. We present a controlled cross-language study of Rust, Julia, Haskell, and Python usi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
572 Views
30 Pages

19 August 2026

Background: Researchers dealing with software engineering often express some concern about the lack of a core theory for this discipline. In fact, even the most basic concepts of software engineering—like the organization of software developmen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
570 Views
18 Pages

18 August 2026

In cross-project defect prediction (CPDP), divergence in feature distribution between the source and target often fails when predicting defects across unrelated projects. Such a mismatch is typical rather than exceptional in real deployment scenarios...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Reliability, Security and Quality Assurance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
504 Views
15 Pages

The incorporation of human values into software engineering processes is increasingly recognised as crucial, yet there is still a lack of practical methods to ensure their inclusion. A key challenge in this area is to identify a representative set of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
756 Views
22 Pages

Cascaded Neurosymbolic Code Generation for Niche DSLs: Preserving Chain-of-Thought in Grammar-Constrained Decoding

  • Rubén Ruiz-Torrubiano,
  • Himanshu Buckchash,
  • Sarita Paudel and
  • Deepak Dhungana

Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are essential in software engineering for safely expressing complex domain logic. However, Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to generate syntactically and semantically correct code for niche DSLs due to sparse rep...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,466 Views
28 Pages

Formal Verification Under Evolution in Microservice-Based Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

  • Ruben Gomez,
  • Ebeid Elsayed,
  • Enrique R. Zarate,
  • Simon G. Dak and
  • Tomas Cerny

Microservice-based systems evolve continuously through API changes, service splits and merges, dependency churn, and deployment-topology drift driven by DevOps practices. This rapid evolution erodes the assumptions encoded in formal models, test suit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
565 Views
45 Pages

Autonomous Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS) must jointly satisfy energy efficiency, accuracy, and real-time constraints, which are typically treated separately in existing methods. This paper proposes a verifiable service-oriented CPS framework for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
662 Views
20 Pages

Vision–Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for image understanding tasks, yet their practical deployment remains hindered by significant architectural heterogeneity across model families. This paper introduces UVLM (Unified Vi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
536 Views
28 Pages

Public sector organizations are under increasing pressure to modernize service delivery while preserving transparency, interoperability, accountability, and citizen trust. Blockchain technology offers relevant capabilities for these objectives, parti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
649 Views
22 Pages

We present OptimSolution, an open-source, cross-platform framework for the systematic benchmarking and analysis of continuous optimisation methods, available for Windows, Linux and macOS and operable via both a command-line interface (CLI) and a Qt-b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,432 Views
22 Pages

Prompt specifications for multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems carry data contracts and integration logic across interdependent files but are rarely subjected to structured-inspection rigor. We report a single-system case study of iterative...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Reliability, Security and Quality Assurance)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2,053 Views
28 Pages

Web Application Programming Interfaces (Web APIs) have become fundamental components of modern software ecosystems. At the same time, they have emerged as major attack surfaces in web applications and distributed services. Although many web API vulne...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Reliability, Security and Quality Assurance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,862 Views
25 Pages

PromptShield: Protecting User Privacy in AI Chatbots

  • Andreea Isabel Asimine,
  • Fernando Salhab Doria Ricardo,
  • Francisco Torgo,
  • Gaurav Choudhary and
  • Nicola Dragoni

Artificial Intelligence Chatbots based on Large Language Models are becoming important cornerstones in education, professional, and personal contexts. Users frequently disclose sensitive information without the necessary awareness of how their data i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
639 Views
22 Pages

Socio-technical congruence (STC) theory posits that software development effectiveness depends on the degree to which developer coordination aligns with technical requirements. However, much existing research treats congruence as a static project att...

  • Article
  • Open Access
923 Views
27 Pages

AI Testing for Smart Learning Applications—A Case Study

  • Tony Li,
  • Quoc Thang Nguyen,
  • Jerry Gao and
  • Radhika Agarwal

The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in smart learning environments has heightened the need for systematic, reliable testing of AI-driven educational applications. Existing studies primarily rely on benchmark accuracy, manual testi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,792 Views
14 Pages

This paper advances a theoretical argument that generative AI is accelerating the democratization of computational thinking and, in turn, reshaping education, professional practice, and the nature of computing itself. Traditionally, computational thi...

(This article belongs to the Topic Applications of NLP, AI, and ML in Software Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,594 Views
18 Pages

Investigating the Refactoring Capabilities of Small Open-Weight Language Models

  • Tamás Márton,
  • Balázs Szalontai,
  • Balázs Pintér and
  • Tibor Gregorics

Refactoring is essential for developing maintainable software. Using Large Language Models in software engineering is widespread, but compared to well-established domains such as code generation, reliable refactoring is still relatively underexplored...

(This article belongs to the Topic Applications of NLP, AI, and ML in Software Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,560 Views
36 Pages

Machine learning-based systems are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains, such as healthcare, finance, law, and e-commerce, where their predictions directly influence critical decisions. Although these systems offer powerful data-driven suppor...

(This article belongs to the Topic Applications of NLP, AI, and ML in Software Engineering)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,772 Views
42 Pages

Decision-making is a central activity in agile software engineering (SE), yet research on how decisions are made and supported in agile contexts remains fragmented across models, methods, roles, and lifecycle stages. While prior studies have examined...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,596 Views
45 Pages

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capability for code understanding and vulnerability detection. However, most existing approaches rely on static prompting and treat the model as a passive predictor, limiting adaptability under un...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,043 Views
26 Pages

Amid the wave of digital transformation and customer service automation, traditional chatbots are increasingly challenged by their inability to handle unstructured data and complex queries. This issue is particularly critical in the import trade indu...

(This article belongs to the Topic Applications of NLP, AI, and ML in Software Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,406 Views
27 Pages

We propose a set of design principles to guide the design of a programming language intended for general, practical use. These principles center around supporting the development of robust programs, supporting independent development, the evolution o...

(This article belongs to the Topic Software Engineering and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
776 Views
20 Pages

Mobile Software Engineering has emerged as a distinct subfield, raising questions about the transferability of its research findings to general software engineering. This paper addresses the challenge of evaluating the generalizability of mobile-spec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,260 Views
29 Pages

Software repositories such as Git are significant sources of metadata about software projects, containing information such as modified files, change authors, and often commentary describing the change. An emerging approach to support software change...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,365 Views
28 Pages

26 February 2026

Current research in consent management techniques focuses on isolated aspects of data security, privacy, or auditability, but important issues like (i) dynamically integrating regulatory updates into form generation, (ii) support in content generatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,738 Views
20 Pages

Verifying Machine Learning Interpretability and Explainability Requirements Through Provenance

  • Lynn Vonderhaar,
  • Juan Couder,
  • Tyler Thomas Procko,
  • Eva Lueddeke and ,
  • Daryela Cisneros and
  • Omar Ochoa
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

14 February 2026

Machine learning (ML) engineering increasingly incorporates principles from software and requirements engineering to improve development rigor; however, key non-functional requirements (NFRs) such as interpretability and explainability remain difficu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,366 Views
27 Pages

12 February 2026

The increasing decentralization of industrial processes in Industry 4.0 necessitates the distribution and coordination of resources such as machines, materials, expertise, and knowledge across organizations in a value chain. To facilitate effective o...

(This article belongs to the Topic Software Engineering and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
942 Views
23 Pages

10 February 2026

The stream pipeline idiom provides a fluent and composable way to express computations over collections. It gained widespread popularity after its introduction in .NET in 2005, later influencing many platforms, including Java in 2014 with the introdu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,022 Views
24 Pages

10 February 2026

Modern DevSecOps environments face a persistent tension between accelerating deployment velocity and maintaining verifiable compliance with regulatory, security, and internal governance standards. Traditional snapshot-in-time audits and fragmented co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Reliability, Security and Quality Assurance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,818 Views
28 Pages

Data-Centric Serverless Computing with LambdaStore

  • Kai Mast,
  • Suyan Qu,
  • Aditya Jain,
  • Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau and
  • Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau

21 January 2026

LambdaStore is a data-centric serverless platform that breaks the split between stateless functions and external storage in classic cloud computing platforms. By scheduling serverless invocations near data instead of pulling data to compute, LambdaSt...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,087 Views
19 Pages

21 January 2026

Background: The implementation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering has provided new and improved approaches to code synthesis, testing, and refactoring. However, even with these new approaches, the practical efficacy of LLMs is re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,189 Views
19 Pages

RoboDeploy: A Metamodel-Driven Framework for Automated Multi-Host Docker Deployment of ROS 2 Systems in IoRT Environments

  • Miguel Ángel Barcelona,
  • Laura García-Borgoñón,
  • Pablo Torner and
  • Ariadna Belén Ruiz

19 December 2025

Robotic systems increasingly operate in complex and distributed environments, where software deployment and orchestration pose major challenges. This paper presents a model-driven approach that automates the containerized deployment of robotic system...

(This article belongs to the Topic Software Engineering and Applications)
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