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Fuels, Volume 2, Issue 3

September 2021 - 7 articles

Cover Story: Ammonia is promised as a fuel candidate for reaching the zero CO2 emission target for different applications, such as gas turbines, industrial burners, and internal combustion engines. However, due to those physical and chemical properties, so different from conventional fuel, the use of ammonia as fuel remains challenging. Different strategies are considered to inject ammonia in engines or gas turbines—for example, the direct injection of liquid ammonia—but this solution needs to be optimized by means of accurate CFD simulations. To improve atomization and vaporization models, experimental data are required. This study provides data on liquid and vapor penetration length and angle for a spray obtained by fuel with liquid ammonia at 120 bars, a current Gasoline Direct injector. View this paper
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Articles (7)

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,590 Views
10 Pages

On the Application of Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy for Investigating Nanostructure of Soot from Different Fuels

  • Carmela Russo,
  • Miroslawa Pawlyta,
  • Anna Ewa Tomiczek,
  • Anna Ciajolo and
  • Barbara Apicella

16 September 2021

Soot is characterized by a multiscale structural organization; the only diagnostic tool that can give access to it is the transmission electron microscope (TEM). However, as it is a diffraction-based technique, TEM images only conjugate aromatic syst...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,346 Views
23 Pages

9 September 2021

This study assessed the environmental impacts and economic feasibility of generating heat using wood-briquettes (WBs), and heat and electricity using torrefied-wood-briquettes (TWBs). WBs and TWBs were manufactured from forest residues using portable...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
6,288 Views
22 Pages

Reduced Chemical Kinetic Reaction Mechanism for Dimethyl Ether-Air Combustion

  • Niklas Zettervall,
  • Christer Fureby and
  • Elna J. K. Nilsson

25 August 2021

Development and validation of a new reduced dimethyl ether-air (DME) reaction mechanism is presented. The mechanism was developed using a modular approach that has previously been applied to several alkane and alkene fuels, and the present work pione...

  • Review
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,955 Views
19 Pages

18 August 2021

One highly undesirable characteristic of mature assets that inhibits oil recovery is high water production. Polymer gel treatment is a popular conformance improvement technique applied in this regard due to its cost effectiveness and proved efficienc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,831 Views
18 Pages

27 July 2021

The success of machine learning (ML) techniques implemented in different industries heavily rely on operator expertise and domain knowledge, which is used in manually choosing an algorithm and setting up the specific algorithm parameters for a proble...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,801 Views
14 Pages

Process Simulation Modelling of the Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of 4-Propylguaiacol in Microreactors

  • Sanaa Hafeez,
  • Sabbir Mahmood,
  • Elsa Aristodemou,
  • Sultan M. Al-Salem,
  • George Manos and
  • Achilleas Constantinou

16 July 2021

A process simulation model was created using Aspen Plus to investigate the hydrodeoxygenation of 4-propylguaiacol, a model component in lignin-derived pyrolysis oil, over a presulphided NiMo/Al2O3 solid catalyst. Process simulation modelling methods...

  • Article
  • Open Access
89 Citations
9,105 Views
19 Pages

First Study on Ammonia Spray Characteristics with a Current GDI Engine Injector

  • Ronan Pelé,
  • Christine Mounaïm-Rousselle,
  • Pierre Bréquigny,
  • Camille Hespel and
  • Jérôme Bellettre

25 June 2021

Using carbon free energy sources is one of the keys to mitigate climate change. Hydrogen promises to be one of these carbon free energies, but its storage is difficult and expensive. Ammonia, however, is interesting as it can store hydrogen safely an...

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Fuels - ISSN 2673-3994