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Chemistry, Volume 7, Issue 3

2025 June - 36 articles

Cover Story: Photocyclization reactions of alkenes and arenes offer unique synthetic pathways inaccessible by traditional thermal methods. By harnessing light, stable molecules are excited into reactive states, and following Baird's rule, aromatic systems can become excited-state antiaromatic—a high-energy state that promotes new reactivity. This review explores classical and contemporary photocyclization reactions, focusing on how excited-state antiaromaticity drives intramolecular cyclizations to form complex molecules. The review also covers how factors like oxidants, substituents, and reaction conditions influence selectivity. Understanding these photochemical processes opens new avenues in organic synthesis, expanding the chemist’s toolbox with light-driven transformations. View this paper
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Articles (36)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,616 Views
14 Pages

Isolation and Characterisation of Two New Lactones from the Atacama Desert-Derived Fungus Chrysosporium merdarium

  • Ahlam Haj Hasan,
  • Gagan Preet,
  • Rishi Vachaspathy Astakala,
  • Meshari Al-Furayh and ,
  • Emmanuel Tope Oluwabusola,
  • Rainer Ebel and
  • Marcel Jaspars
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

The Atacama Desert, an unexplored habitat, offers intriguing potential for natural product chemistry due to the unique adaptations of microorganisms to aridity, extreme salinity, and high UV radiation. Over several years, soil samples were collected...

(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry of Natural Products and Biomolecules)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,817 Views
21 Pages

Nature-Inspired Redox Active Organic Molecules: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Pyridine Derivatives

  • Gloria M. Acosta-Tejada,
  • Martha M. Flores-Leonar,
  • Jazmín García-Ramírez,
  • Víctor M. Ugalde-Saldívar and
  • Alfredo Vázquez

In this article, we present experimental and theoretical studies of pyridine derivatives (pyDs) inspired by natural systems to investigate the electron transfer processes occurring in aqueous media and elaborate a theoretical model that adequately pr...

(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Organics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,394 Views
10 Pages

We present a protocol for the facile conversion of linear alkenyl N-alkoxy carbamates into cyclic bromo carbonates. The reaction is operationally simple, uses widely available, inexpensive reagents, and requires no rigorous exclusion of air or moistu...

(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Organics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,840 Views
28 Pages

Targeted Drug Delivery of Anticancer Agents Using C5N2 Substrate: Insights from Density Functional Theory

  • Syeda Huda Mehdi Zaidi,
  • Muhammad Ajmal,
  • Muhammad Ali Hashmi and
  • Ahmed Lakhani

Cancer has a threatening impact on human health, and it is one of the primary causes of fatalities worldwide. Different conventional treatments have been employed to treat cancer, but their non-specific nature reduces their therapeutic efficacy. This...

(This article belongs to the Section Theoretical and Computational Chemistry)
  • Review
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,604 Views
25 Pages

Revolutionizing Cancer Vaccine: The Power of Advanced Nanotechnology

  • Saranya Udayakumar,
  • Shangavy Pandiarajan,
  • Devadass Jessy Mercy,
  • Jayaprakash Suresh and ,
  • Jashwanth Raj Jagadeesh kumar,
  • Agnishwar Girigoswami and
  • Koyeli Girigoswami
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Developing an effective vaccine that is safer is the main focus in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Among other therapeutic approaches, cancer nanovaccination is formulated to deliver tumor adjuvant or antigen to the antigen-presenting cells (APCs)...

(This article belongs to the Section Medicinal Chemistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,367 Views
11 Pages

Preparation, Crystal Structure, and Energetic Properties of Four 2,4,7,9-Tetranitro-10H-benzofuro[3,2-b]indole (TNBFI) Based Solvates

  • Yiru Chen,
  • Mi Yan,
  • Chunbo Shi,
  • Peilin Yang and ,
  • Jinkun Guo,
  • Yu Liu and
  • Shiliang Huang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Understanding the reactivity and the crystallinity of energetic materials in a solvent is significantly important for their synthesis, purification, and recrystallization. Here, the recrystallization of TNBFI (2,4,7,9-tetranitro-10H-benzofuro[3,2-b]i...

(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry of Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,701 Views
14 Pages

Bio-based polyamide 56 (PA56) is a new sustainable material in the polyamide family. In this study, dyes suitable for PA56 fibers were experimentally screened from natural plants rich in pigments. The results showed that the preferred natural dyes fo...

(This article belongs to the Topic Green and Sustainable Chemical Products and Processes)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,917 Views
12 Pages

One-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Multicolour Graphene Quantum Dots and Study of Their Luminescence Mechanism

  • Beibei Wang,
  • Ling Sun,
  • Kai Liu,
  • Di Wu and ,
  • Jinqiu Wang and
  • Fang Geng
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Multicolour graphene quantum dots (GQDs), from blue to orange emitting, were successfully synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using potassium hydrogen phthalate and o-phenylenediamine as the raw materials. After purification by silica gel...

(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry at the Nanoscale)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,782 Views
12 Pages

Cholesteric liquid crystal polymer network (CLCN) films with composite structural colors have potential applications in decoration and anti-counterfeiting. Herein, a thermochromic acrylate-based cholesteric liquid crystal mixture was prepared. The st...

(This article belongs to the Section Supramolecular Chemistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,710 Views
12 Pages

Determination of the Activity Coefficients of Components in a Di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric Acid–n-Hexane Binary System Using Gas Chromatography

  • Vladimir Glebovich Povarov,
  • Olga Vladimirovna Cheremisina,
  • Daria Artemovna Alferova and
  • Aleksandr Tomasovich Fedorov

The thermodynamic properties of di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (D2EHPA) in organic solvents are critical for optimizing metal extraction processes in hydrometallurgy, necessitating precise determination of activity coefficients in binary systems such...

(This article belongs to the Topic Theoretical, Quantum and Computational Chemistry—2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,312 Views
17 Pages

Purification of Waste Water Containing Chlorhexidine Digluconate Using Nanoporous Carbons Obtained from Different Raw Materials

  • Bilyana Petrova,
  • Ivanka Stoycheva,
  • Boyko Tsyntsarski,
  • Angelina Kosateva and ,
  • Nartzislav Petrov and
  • Pavlina Dolashka
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Activated carbons were obtained from three types of raw materials from the canning industry: peach, plum, and olive stones. The chemical composition and texture of the precursors and the physicochemical properties of the obtained carbons were analyze...

(This article belongs to the Section Green and Environmental Chemistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,297 Views
16 Pages

Synthesis of Silver Nanocluster-Loaded FAU Zeolites and the Application in Light Emitting Diode

  • Tianning Zheng,
  • Ruihao Huang,
  • Haoran Zhang,
  • Song Ye and
  • Deping Wang

Silver nanoclusters that are confined inside zeolites can give off intensive tunable emission across the visible region under UV excitation. In this research, a series of silver nanoclusters loaded with R-FAU/Ag (R = Li, Na, K) zeolites were synthesi...

(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry of Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,561 Views
13 Pages

Metal-free C(sp3)–S bond cleavage of thioethers was achieved using NCS as a critical additive. A wide range of arylmethyl thioethers were successfully transformed into aryl aldehydes with satisfactory yields in chloroform. Meanwhile, employing...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Chalcogen Chemistry: Recent Advances)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
6,093 Views
16 Pages

Production and Physicochemical Characterization of Activated Carbon from the Mesocarp of the Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Variety Alto del Pacifico

  • Gabriela Ramos Clamont Montfort,
  • José A. Azamar-Barrios,
  • Patricia Quintana-Owen,
  • Víctor Rejón-Moo and ,
  • William S. González-Gómez and
  • Tomás J. Madera-Santana
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

The mesocarp, a by-product of coconut production, consists of a fibrous outer layer and a medullary tissue. These fibers can be utilized as an alternative source for producing activated carbon (AC). This study presents a method for producing activate...

(This article belongs to the Section Green and Environmental Chemistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,882 Views
17 Pages

This work successfully prepared the Co3O4 NPs via simple galvanostatic deposition followed by annealing at 400 and 800 °C for two hours. The galvanostatic deposition was carried out from a modified Watts bath. We used Fourier transform infrared s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,802 Views
18 Pages

Catalytic Biorefining of Cigarette Butts Recycling Waste

  • Eric Borges Ribeiro,
  • Maria Betânia d’Heni Teixeira,
  • Thérèse Hofmann Gatti,
  • Romulo Davi Albuquerque Andrade and
  • Paulo Anselmo Ziani Suarez

Urban solid waste (USW) is a promising alternative source of valuable chemical compounds. It is considered an adsorbent material due to its chemical structure, porosity and electronic charge available to form chemical bonds and can be recovered or tr...

(This article belongs to the Topic Green and Sustainable Chemical Processes)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,210 Views
14 Pages

Synthesis, Reductive Reactivity and Anticancer Activity of Cobalt(III)– and Manganese(III)–Salen Complexes

  • Amy Kanina,
  • Haiyu Mei,
  • Cheska Palma,
  • Michelle C. Neary and ,
  • Shu-Yuan Cheng and
  • Guoqi Zhang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Mn(III)– and Co(III)–salen complexes (Mn-1 and Co-2) have been synthesized by a simple one-pot procedure through oxidation of Mn(II) and Co(II) precursors in air. X-ray structural analysis reveals that both complexes adopt similar coordin...

(This article belongs to the Section Inorganic and Solid State Chemistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,614 Views
11 Pages

The preparation of stable dispersions of MoS2 by ultrasonic aqueous and/or organic media containing amphiphilic molecules is an attractive and widely applicable method to form MoS2 fine particles while suppressing its aggregation. In this study, we d...

(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry of Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,956 Views
14 Pages

In Situ Encapsulated RhB@Er-MOF with Dual-Emitting Rationmetric Fluorescence for Rapid and Selective Detection of Fe(III) by Dual-Signal Output

  • Xiaoyan Yao,
  • Xueyi Lv,
  • Dongmei Zhang,
  • Xiangyu Zhao and ,
  • Kaixuan Zhong,
  • Hanlei Sun,
  • Hongzhi Wang,
  • Licheng Liu,
  • Wentai Wang and
  • Shuo Yao
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

A novel polyhedron-based anionic Er-MOF with three types of cages and abundant open metal sites (OMSs) and Lewis base sites (LBSs) has been successfully synthesized. The inorganic secondary unit possesses a rarely reported six-connected three-nucleat...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,237 Views
27 Pages

Application and Suggestions of Morpholine Ring as a Lysosome Targeting Group

  • Xuelian Liu,
  • Ximeng Zhang,
  • Yinghong Han,
  • Xingrui Li and
  • Jinyao Li

Lysosomes are widely present in eukaryotic cells and play an extremely important role in cell growth and development, and their dysfunction is closely related to a variety of diseases. The development of a precise lysosomal targeting strategies is of...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,038 Views
24 Pages

Cobalt–zeolite composite catalysts (Co–zeolite) and their heterogeneous catalytic systems have garnered significant research attention owing to their superior catalytic activity and cost-effectiveness. The speciation of cobalt within thes...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,490 Views
34 Pages

Machine Learning-Assisted Optical Characterization and Growth Modulation of Two-Dimensional Materials

  • Zihan Hu,
  • Jiayi Liu,
  • Xuefei Li,
  • Zongyu Huang and ,
  • Xiang Qi and
  • Wenjuan Du
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

This review focuses on research on machine learning-enabled two-dimensional (2D) materials, exploring the progress and prospects of this interdisciplinary field. At a fundamental level, machine learning algorithms incorporate imaging systems to build...

  • Review
  • Open Access
9 Citations
7,141 Views
49 Pages

This review focuses on photocyclization reactions involving alkenes and arenes. Photochemistry opens up synthetic opportunities difficult for thermal methods, using light as a versatile tool to convert stable ground-state molecules into their reactiv...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Refining Concepts and Expanding Perspectives)
  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
12,192 Views
40 Pages

Synthesis Methods, Performance Optimization, and Application Progress of Metal–Organic Framework Material MIL-101(Cr)

  • Jiayao Chen,
  • Min Tang,
  • Saiqun Nie,
  • Pengcheng Xiao and ,
  • Tian Zhao and
  • Yi Chen
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

MIL-101(Cr), a widely studied chromium-based metal–organic framework material consisting of chromium metal ions and terephthalic acid ligands, has attracted much attention due to its ultra-high specific surface area, large pore size, and excell...

(This article belongs to the Section Theoretical and Computational Chemistry)
  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,555 Views
19 Pages

The Role of Phlorotannins to Treat Inflammatory Diseases

  • K. H. I. N. M. Herath,
  • Dineth Pramuditha Nagahawatta,
  • Lei Wang and
  • K. K. Asanka Sanjeewa

Phlorotannins, bioactive compounds isolated from brown seaweeds, have garnered significant attention in recent years for their wide-ranging therapeutic properties, particularly their anti-inflammatory effects. Recent studies have identified phlorotan...

(This article belongs to the Section Medicinal Chemistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,581 Views
14 Pages

Direct Z-scheme heterojunctions are known for their unique carrier mobility mechanism, which significantly improves photocatalytic water splitting efficiency. In this study, we use first-principles simulations to determine the stability, electrical,...

(This article belongs to the Section Theoretical and Computational Chemistry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,056 Views
10 Pages

Enabling a Reversible Six-Electron Redox Reaction Based on I−/I+ and Br−/Br0 for Aqueous Zinc-Bromine Batteries

  • Jing Zhang,
  • Xiaoxing Ji,
  • Qingxiu Yu,
  • Xixi Zhang and ,
  • Chuanlin Li,
  • Na Li,
  • Mengzhen Kong,
  • Dingzheng Li,
  • Wenjie Liu and
  • Xijin Xu
  • + 6 authors+ 1 author

Zinc-halogen batteries are usually based on two-electron transfer reactions from X− to X2. However, the halogen is capable of being further oxidized to higher valence states, thereby achieving the higher capacity of zinc- halogen batteries. Her...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Energy Storage in Aqueous Zinc Batteries)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,678 Views
21 Pages

A Review for the Design and Optimization of Catalysts: The Use of Statistics as a Powerful Tool for Literature Analysis

  • Tatiana Martinez,
  • Laura Stephania Lavado Romero,
  • D. Estefania Rodriguez and
  • Jahaziel Amaya

In this study, a statistical analysis of results reported in the literature was conducted through a 2n experimental design on the synthesis of bifunctional catalysts used in the production of lighter fuels, aiming for optimization while considering f...

(This article belongs to the Section Catalysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,254 Views
13 Pages

Guava (Psidium guajava) Fruit Extract Ameliorates Monosodium Urate-Induced Inflammatory Response

  • Hsiu-Man Lien,
  • Chao-Lu Huang,
  • Chih-Ho Lai,
  • Chia-Chang Chen and ,
  • Shiau-Huei Huang,
  • Chin-Jui Tseng and
  • Charng-Cherng Chyau
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Hyperuricemia, induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals that accumulate in articular joints and periarticular soft tissues, can impair macrophages. Possible causes of macrophage injury include uric acid-induced oxidative stress or inflammation. Thi...

(This article belongs to the Section Food Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,535 Views
12 Pages

Paddlewheel-Type Diruthenium(II) Naphthyridine Complex with Electron-Withdrawing Trifluoroacetate Ligands

  • Yusuke Kataoka,
  • Nozomi Tada,
  • Junya Omaki,
  • Kanami Matsubara and ,
  • Natsumi Yano and
  • Makoto Handa
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

A ligand exchange reaction between [Ru2(npc)2(O2CMe)2] (1; npc = 1,8-naphthyridine-2-carboxylate) and trifluoroacetic acid yielded the diruthenium naphthyridine complex with two trifluoroacetate ligands, [Ru2(npc)2(O2CCF3)2] (2), which was structural...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Open-Shell Systems—a Memorial Issue Dedicated to Professor Masayoshi Nakano)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,393 Views
24 Pages

Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity of 4-Aminoquinoline Derivatives: Exploring Antibacterial Efficacy, MRSA Inhibition, and PBP2a Docking Insights

  • Lo’ay A. Al-Momani,
  • Ula A. Abu Shawar,
  • Ayman H. Abu Sarhan,
  • Rand Shahin and ,
  • Panayiotis A. Koutentis,
  • Mohammad K. Abu-Sini and
  • Nada J. Mohammad
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

A series of 4-aminoquinoline derivatives were prepared using a microwave-assisted method. The reactions were initially carried out on a small scale and subsequently scaled up using a sealed tube. Heating the reactions to 90–150 °C for 90&nd...

(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Organics)
  • Communication
  • Open Access
3,184 Views
8 Pages

Process Improvement for the Continuous Synthesis of N-Benzylhydroxylamine Hydrochloride

  • Xiaoguang Chen,
  • Ke Chen,
  • Guoxian Cai,
  • Haoyue Xiang and ,
  • Kai Chen and
  • Hua Yang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

N-Benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride serves as a critical intermediate in organic synthesis, yet traditional synthesis methods often face significant safety risks and high production costs. In this work, we developed a continuous synthesis process for...

(This article belongs to the Topic Green and Sustainable Chemical Products and Processes)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,772 Views
16 Pages

The influence of sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate on the electrooxidation of phenols and naphthols was studied in dimethylformamide (DMF). The usually observed deactivation of phenol in non-aqueous environments was suppressed upon addition of sodium 4-...

(This article belongs to the Section Electrochemistry and Photoredox Processes)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,504 Views
22 Pages

This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of phloretin–chitosan nanoparticles (Ph-ChNPs), alone and in combination with the anticancer drug tamoxifen, in modulating breast cancer markers and improving in vivo treatment outcomes. Ph-...

(This article belongs to the Section Medicinal Chemistry)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,905 Views
42 Pages

Degenerate third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) responses of organic molecules have a wide range of applications in science and engineering because they relate to the intensity-dependent refractive index (IDRI) and nonlinear absorption (NLA), such as...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Open-Shell Systems—a Memorial Issue Dedicated to Professor Masayoshi Nakano)
  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,887 Views
18 Pages

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important messenger molecule in almost all organisms. The diverse biological activities of NO have initiated in-depth research on the development of exogenous NO donors. Light-controlled NO donor can transport NO to specific a...

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Chemistry - ISSN 2624-8549