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Separations, Volume 13, Issue 8

2026 August - 29 articles

Cover Story: Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are structurally complex biopharmaceuticals whose quantitative characterization is often complicated by payload-related interferences and molecular heterogeneity. In this study, two complementary chromatographic methods based on reverse-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UHPLC) and size-exclusion ultra-performance liquid chromatography (SEC-UHPLC) coupled with diode array detection were developed and comparatively evaluated for quantitative and integrity assessment of Cetuximab (CET) in ADC formulations. The RP-UHPLC method, developed on a C8 stationary phase under denaturing conditions, showed linearity over the range 0.05–5 mg/mL (R2 = 0.9979), with LOD and LOQ values of 10 and 40 μg/mL, respectively. View this paper
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Articles (29)

  • Article
  • Open Access
544 Views
25 Pages

Unveiling the Phytochemical and Bioactive Potential of Rhododendron anthopogonoides Flavonoids Through Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction

  • Linyiyin Wang,
  • Caiyun Xu,
  • Yisheng Azuo,
  • Liying Qiu and ,
  • Zangjia Geng,
  • Jiachuan Li and
  • Laiming Li
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

This study developed an integrated process combining ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) with purification for the efficient recovery of bioactive flavonoids from Rhododendron anthopogonoides Maxim. (RA). Extraction conditions were optimi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extraction, Purification and Functional Substances of Natural Products and Plants)
  • Article
  • Open Access
819 Views
18 Pages

Comparative Orthogonal RP-UHPLC and SEC-UHPLC Methods for Quantitative Analysis and Integrity Assessment of Cetuximab-Based Antibody–Drug Conjugates

  • Doretta Cuffaro,
  • Enrico Crispino,
  • Lizzia Raffaghello,
  • Roberto Benelli and ,
  • Vincenzo Calderone,
  • Maria Digiacomo and
  • Elisa Nuti
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are structurally complex biopharmaceuticals whose quantitative characterization is often complicated by payload-related interferences and molecular heterogeneity. In this study, two complementary chromatographic...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Chromatographic Techniques for the Determination of Active Pharmaceutical Compounds)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,340 Views
22 Pages

A Review of Germanium Recovery from Zinc Smelting Residues: From Enrichment to High-Purity Preparation

  • Tingjie Xu,
  • Dahuan Gan,
  • Guowang Wei,
  • Xing Wei and ,
  • Zijian Qiu,
  • Jun Wu,
  • Zhenhai Huang,
  • Chunlin He and
  • Qiankun Wei
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

Germanium is a strategically critical metal with indispensable applications in infrared optics, fiber-optic communications, and semiconductor devices. Although previous reviews have extensively addressed the hydrometallurgical recovery of germanium f...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Metal Enrichment, Extraction, Separation and High-Purity Preparation)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
962 Views
29 Pages

The global energy transition and rapid electrification are driving increased demand for copper. However, conventional pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical extraction routes are increasingly challenged by declining ore grades and stricter environm...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Separation Techniques in Recovery of Valuable Metal Resources)
  • Article
  • Open Access
625 Views
18 Pages

A new efficient coupled process to produce green solvent ethyl propionate was developed, which involved a fixed-bed reactor and pervaporation membrane separation. Firstly, the esterification reaction alone was investigated to explore reaction conditi...

(This article belongs to the Section Separation Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
531 Views
14 Pages

Reversed-phase chromatography stationary phases (such as C18) are widely used in commercial high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, when dealing with complex mixtures, they often exhibit limited separation capabilities and peak tailin...

(This article belongs to the Section Chromatographic Separations)
  • Review
  • Open Access
992 Views
29 Pages

Excessive nitrate discharge causes water eutrophication and public health risks, which has become a core challenge in global water environment governance. Conventional nitrogen removal technologies suffer from limitations such as carbon source depend...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eco-Friendly Innovations for Water Purification: Advanced Oxidation and Sustainable Cleanup Solutions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
392 Views
20 Pages

Photocatalytic degradation technology has been widely acknowledged for its low cost and high degradation efficiency. However, the loss, migration and difficult recovery of powdered catalysts are still critical bottlenecks for practical applications....

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Separations)
  • Article
  • Open Access
335 Views
13 Pages

Separation Experiments in Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Using Geldart a Dense Medium

  • Shuyun Chen,
  • Changchun Mu,
  • Jun Zhang,
  • Ming Shao and ,
  • Dawei Yu,
  • Kunkun Jiang,
  • Xuchen Fan and
  • Hongning Duan
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

Gas–solid fluidized bed separation uses upward gas flow to fluidize a dense medium. By controlling medium properties, gas velocity, and bed height, the apparent bed density can be adjusted so that low-density particles float and high-density pa...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress of Gas–Solid Fluidized Dry Separation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
326 Views
16 Pages

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are recoverable high-value biopolymers from excess sludge (ES), but their antioxidant performance and enhancement strategies remain poorly understood. This study systematically investigated sludge-derived EPS...

(This article belongs to the Topic Separation Techniques and Circular Economy)
  • Review
  • Open Access
920 Views
40 Pages

Recent Advances and Perspectives of Industrial Solid Waste for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment: A Review

  • Jinhua Wang,
  • Na Xiao,
  • Po Bai,
  • Junfeng Wu and ,
  • Xindi Wan and
  • Yafei Zhao
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Heavy metal wastewater, characterized by high toxicity, poor biodegradability, and strong bioaccumulation potential, poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. Conventional chemical treatment methods are costly and prone t...

(This article belongs to the Section Materials in Separation Science)
  • Review
  • Open Access
671 Views
21 Pages

Separation sciences in Türkiye have evolved from early laboratory-based instruction into a robust, multidisciplinary field integral to analytical chemistry. The foundational roots were established before the Ottoman period and were further stren...

(This article belongs to the Collection CEGSS Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow)
  • Article
  • Open Access
361 Views
16 Pages

Removal of Residual Ammonium from Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore Tailings by Magnesium Chloride: Kinetics and Mass Transfer

  • Jian Feng,
  • Tao Ou,
  • Wuhan Zhang,
  • Xin Deng and ,
  • Shijun Chen,
  • Xiaoyan Wu,
  • Jianyun Chen,
  • Ruan Chi and
  • Fang Zhou
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

After in situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore (WREO), large amounts of residual ammonium (RA) salts remain in the ore body and slowly release, causing persistent ammonia-nitrogen pollution in surrounding waters. This stud...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste Recycling and Strategic Metal Extraction)
  • Article
  • Open Access
483 Views
15 Pages

Effects of Stripping Essential Oil from Nigella sativa L. Oil on Its Quality Characteristics

  • Meysam Barasm,
  • Sodeif Azadmard-Damirchi,
  • Mohammadali Torbati and
  • Ebrahim Afkhami Sarai

Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) oil is one of the most important vegetable oils with food, therapeutic and medicinal uses; however, it has high acid and peroxide values even in fresh oil extracted by cold pressing. One of the main factors that can ca...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Optimization of Extraction/Separation Processes for Natural Products)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
781 Views
25 Pages

Low-cost and effective F− removal technology and operational parameters were provided. A novel bimetallic fluoride-removing coagulant (BFrC) was synthesized. Simultaneous removal of fluoride (F−) and turbidity were studied using a new int...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Separations)
  • Article
  • Open Access
502 Views
12 Pages

Optimization of Polymer Sieving Matrix Composition for DNA Fragment Separation in a Laboratory-Built Multicapillary Electrophoresis System

  • Bo Yang,
  • Ping Wang,
  • Wentian Li,
  • Xuanye Wei and ,
  • Wenqian Bi,
  • Chele Mugong,
  • Sicheng Ye,
  • Yunchong Jiang,
  • Yoshinori Yamaguchi and
  • Zhenqing Li
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is widely used for DNA fragment analysis, but its separation performance depends strongly on the composition of the polymer sieving matrix, especially in multicapillary systems where matrix operability and reproducibili...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Separation Media and Technologies for Biomolecules)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
418 Views
15 Pages

Thermally Modified Drinking-Water Sludge as a Mineral Conditioner for Municipal Sludge Dewatering and Low-Temperature Drying

  • Qiang-Ying Zhang,
  • Jia-Le Chen,
  • Yuan-Ping Zeng,
  • Shi-Yu Ren and ,
  • Raymond Jianxiong Zeng and
  • Jun-Li Chen
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Sludge-conditioning strategies are commonly optimized for filtration performance, with less attention paid to the rheological and textural properties of concentrated sludge and their relevance to low-temperature drying. Here, thermally modified drink...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Status and Prospects of Environmentally Friendly Sludge Dewatering, Solidification and Stabilization Technology)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
973 Views
34 Pages

The booming clean energy industry has driven the expansion of photovoltaic (PV) and lithium-ion battery (LIB) sectors, causing the accumulation of new energy solid wastes such as wind turbine blades (WTB), PV modules and LIBs. Such solid wastes exhib...

  • Review
  • Open Access
919 Views
38 Pages

The compositional complexity of plant-derived food matrices and the structural diversity of phenolic compounds influence sample preparation, promoting miniaturized solid-phase extraction using advanced sorbents for their determination. This critical...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
894 Views
19 Pages

Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent HDS Catalysts and Comprehensive Utilization of Spent HDS

  • Chen Tian,
  • Yiying Gao,
  • Wenli Zhao,
  • Zaishen Ling and ,
  • Zhongdan Li,
  • Huabo Xie and
  • Bingxin Mao
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is a critical technology for producing clean petroleum products. With the steady growth in annual crude oil processing volumes, the consumption of HDS catalysts has been continuously increasing. The massive release of spent...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging New Technologies in Fundamental and Industrial Crystallization)
  • Editorial
  • Open Access
817 Views
4 Pages

Natural bioactive compounds found in plants, agri-food by-products, microorganisms, marine sources, and other sustainable biological resources continue to drive scientific innovation due to their structural diversity and wide spectrum of biological a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Isolation and Identification of Biologically Active Natural Compounds)
  • Article
  • Open Access
419 Views
12 Pages

Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Coal-Derived Liquid Products via GC×GC-MS/FID

  • Chenzhe Lian,
  • Yinping Wang,
  • Jianwei Liu,
  • Qian Zhang and
  • Zhihua Gao

This study developed an analytical method based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection (GC×GC-MS/FID) for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compoun...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Chromatographic Separation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
564 Views
20 Pages

Wastewater from textile industries that contain methylene blue poses a serious environmental problem due to its stability and toxicity. In the current study, calf starter feed (CSF), goat feed (GF), and lamb grower feed (LGF) were investigated as pot...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials from Biomass and Waste for Adsorption Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
784 Views
27 Pages

This study optimized supercritical fluid extraction (SC-CO2) parameters for Boswellia sacra leaves to evaluate how extraction thermodynamics influence subsequent pharmacological bioactivity. Using a multi-parametric approach, extracts obtained at 40...

(This article belongs to the Section Analysis of Natural Products and Pharmaceuticals)
  • Article
  • Open Access
592 Views
21 Pages

Phytochemical Analysis of Extracts from Waste of Technical Grape Varieties and Pomegranate Peel Processed in South Kazakhstan

  • Almira A. Saparbekova,
  • Gulzhan O. Kantureyeva,
  • Alimjon D. Matchanov,
  • Ulugbek R. Togaev and ,
  • Amanbay J. Pirniyazov,
  • Darikha E. Kudassova,
  • Gulnur M. Kaldybekova and
  • Alina Altekey
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

The food industry is interested in utilizing active compounds from agri-food waste to produce healthy products and promote sustainability and resource efficiency. This study aimed to conduct a phytochemical analysis of grape pomace derived from Vitis...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Analysis of Food and Beverages, 2nd Edition)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,164 Views
21 Pages

Capillary Electrophoresis in RNA Therapeutics: Toward a Core Analytical Platform for Development, Release Testing, and Process Analytics

  • Bo Yang,
  • Xuanye Wei,
  • Wenqian Bi,
  • Chele Mugong and ,
  • Sicheng Ye,
  • Yunchong Jiang,
  • Yoshinori Yamaguchi and
  • Zhenqing Li
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

The rapid expansion of RNA therapeutics requires analytical methods that resolve molecular integrity, heterogeneity, and process-related impurities. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) provides direct RNA separation with low sample consumption and can be...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Separation Media and Technologies for Biomolecules)
  • Article
  • Open Access
401 Views
18 Pages

DEM Simulation and Experimental Investigation on Rotating Magnetic System WLIMS Separator

  • Hongliang Shang,
  • Biao Wang,
  • Haotian Zhang,
  • Jianwu Zeng and
  • Zhengchang Shen

China is rich in magnetite mineral resources, but they are generally characterized by low grade, fine dissemination size, and a high content of harmful impurities. Wet low-intensity magnetic separation (WLIMS) is an important method for processing fi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Efficient Separation of Coal and Mineral Resources)
  • Article
  • Open Access
506 Views
12 Pages

Self-supported gradient bilayer NaA zeolite membranes were hydrothermally converted from geopolymer precursors for pervaporative dehydration of the propylene glycol methyl ether (PGME)/water azeotrope. XRD confirms crystallization of amorphous geopol...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Separation Methods for Safety Assessment and Valorization of By-Products)
  • Article
  • Open Access
562 Views
19 Pages

A preparative purification process was developed for the enrichment of four C-glycosyl flavones from leaves of Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J.Houz., namely orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin. The crude P. edulis leaf extract was...

(This article belongs to the Section Separation Engineering)
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Separations - ISSN 2297-8739