Electronics, Volume 9, Issue 10

Backstepping is a control technique based on Lyapunov’s theory that has been successfully implemented in the control of motors and robots by several nonlinear methods. However, there are no standardized methods for tuning control gains (unlike...

Complex systems are composed of numerous interconnected subsystems, each designed to perform specific functions. The different subsystems use many technological items that work together, as for the case of cyber-physical systems. Typically, a cyber-p...

With the increasing importance of power accumulator batteries in electric vehicles, the accurate characteristics of power accumulator batteries have an important role. In order to evaluate the power accumulator battery, battery charging and dischargi...

To give full play to battery capability, the state of power (SoP) should be predicted in real time to inform the vehicle control unit (VCU) whether the upcoming driving scenarios of acceleration overtaking, ramp climbing, constant cruising and feedba...

The efficient and precise hardware implementations of tanh and sigmoid functions play an important role in various neural network algorithms. Different applications have different requirements for accuracy. However, it is difficult for traditional me...

The ever increasing presence of renewable distributed generation (DG) in microgrids is imposing new challenges in protection coordination. The high penetration of renewable DG enables microgrids to operate under different topologies, giving rise to b...

This paper proposes a novel non-isolated three-port bidirectional dc/dc converter for photovoltaic (PV) electric scooter (ES) charging stations. The proposed converter combines an improved boost converter and a bidirectional buck-boost converter. Whe...

Episodic self-imitation learning, a novel self-imitation algorithm with a trajectory selection module and an adaptive loss function, is proposed to speed up reinforcement learning. Compared to the original self-imitation learning algorithm, which sam...

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based non-orthogonal multiple access (OFDM-NOMA) is a competitive solution to achieve a capacity gain over orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based orthogonal multiple access (OFDM-OMA). However, a m...

Active battery equalization and passive battery equalization are two important methods which can solve the inconsistency of battery cells in lithium battery groups. In this paper, a new hybrid battery equalization strategy combinfigureing the active...