2026 October - 139 articles
Background/Objectives: Video gaming places repeated demands on rapid visual information processing, response selection, and visuomotor coordination. However, it remains unclear whether current gaming in adolescence is associated with broadly enhanced...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly reduces both quality of life and life expectancy due to the loss of motor and sensory function, as well as its impact on autonomic dysfunction (AD). Complications related to AD include impaired sphincter control...
Background: Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) facilitates the objective assessment of residual brain function in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), which addresses the intrinsic limitations of behavioral assessment methods. Neve...
Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is one of the major causes of cognitive impairment and functional decline in older adults. Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) may serve as a bridge between cognitive impairment and more bas...
Background/Objectives: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a standard surgical treatment for high-grade symptomatic and asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. The Transit Time Flowmeter (TTF) provides an easy-to-use tool to quantify intraop...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to compare oral citicoline 500 mg/homotaurine 50 mg/nicotinamide 54 mg/pyrroloquinoline quinone 5 mg (CIT/HOMO/B3/PQQ) with citicoline 500 mg alone (CIT500) for contrast sensitivity (CS), vision-related quality...
Background: Chronic psychological stress can alter hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity and inflammatory signaling. However, the biological correlates of specific stress-related emotional experiences and expression patterns...
Objective: Chronic neuroinflammation is a recognized driver of Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathophysiology, in which systemic inflammation may also participate. This study evaluated composite inflammatory indices in peripheral blood and investigat...
Background: The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been widely applied in the surgical treatment of skull base tumors. However, poor pneumatization of the skull base—such as inadequate sphenoid sinus pneumatization and dense clival bone&md...
Ayres Sensory Integration® (ASI) remains one of the most widely used and debated intervention approaches in occupational therapy and related disciplines. Recent advances in rehabilitation treatment specification and reporting frameworks, includin...
Background/Objectives: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been proposed as an early symptomatic manifestation of dementia/Alzheimer’s disease. However, its associated brain patterns are not yet fully characterized. In recent years, function...
The journal retracts the article, “Improved Transfer-Learning-Based Facial Recognition Framework to Detect Autistic Children at an Early Stage” [...]
Background/Objectives: The optimal cervical carotid strategy during thrombectomy for anterior-circulation tandem occlusion remains uncertain. We compared emergent carotid stenting, balloon angioplasty alone, and no targeted acute cervical revasculari...
The journal retracts the article “Identification of Autism in Children Using Static Facial Features and Deep Neural Networks” [...]
Background/Objectives: Systematically elucidating the neural mechanisms of bowel and bladder control is crucial for developing closed-loop brain–computer interface (BCI) neurorehabilitation for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). This study...
Background: Most existing digital cognitive assessment tools are simple adaptations of paper-and-pencil tests, lacking adequate validation in older adults and showing poor sensitivity to domain-specific deficits common in high vascular risk populatio...
Background: Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals provide important information for brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) and the diagnosis of neurological disorders but are susceptible to electrooculographic (EOG) artifacts. Traditional methods often...
Background: Diffusion MRI tractography can support patient-specific neurosurgical planning, but implementation may be limited by workflow complexity, software requirements, and resource constraints. We describe Tractometric®, a diffusion tractogr...
Background/Objectives: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) severely impacts both patients and their families. This study aimed to compare sleep quality, insomnia severity, and daytime sleepiness in partners of individuals with OCD against a hea...
Background/Objectives: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) disproportionately affects older adults, in whom medication intolerance, drug interactions, comorbidities, and limited physiological reserve may complicate management. This structured narrative review...
Background: ALS is characterized by motor neuron failure with potential neurocognitive comorbidity. Cortical neurons, and their support cells, exhibit pathologic features, some of which have been identified in post-mortem transcriptome studies of the...
In the original publication [...]
Background/Objectives: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a known inflammatory mediator. It is produced by cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/2 during inflammation via four distinct G protein-coupled receptors (EP1–EP4). PGE2 is involved in the development of brai...
Background/Objectives: Individual spikes are difficult to track through recurrent cortical circuits, where convergence, divergence, and nonlinear dynamics rapidly transform activity. However, the statistical properties of an input may remain detectab...
Background and Objectives: Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is common to many encephalopathies, but the evolution of quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) indices along a pressure gradient—and their relative suitability for early warni...
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different auditory conditions on pattern-reversal visual evoked potential (PVEP) responses among healthy adults. Methods: This repeated-measure design with a fixed baseline...
Background: We investigated, in an exploratory cross-sectional design, whether EDS-R score at admission showed adjusted cross-sectional associations with FT3, LDH, and ALT in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) in residential treatment. Methods: A to...
Background/Objectives: episodic memory refers to the ability to place events within a specific spatial and temporal context, making its association with navigation unsurprising. Incidental episodic memory involves encoding and retrieving information...
Background: Augmented reality (AR) may support neuronavigation by displaying patient-specific anatomical information and surgical plans directly within the surgeon’s view of the operative field. Reliable registration between virtual content and...
Background: The high worldwide prevalence of obesity, with palatable food hyperphagia as its main etiological factor, justifies studying neural circuit alterations under conditions such as chronic stress and exposure to high-energy diets, which eleva...
Background: This study aimed to estimate treatment retention rates for levetiracetam monotherapy in patients with epilepsy and to characterize treatment failure in this population. Methods: A retrospective cohort study included 769 adult patients wit...
Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse cognitive functioning and temperamental traits among young adults differing in their level of engagement in video gaming. Methods: The analysis included 67 male students from the Józef Piłs...
Background: Automatic sleep staging is fundamental to sleep architecture analysis and the diagnosis of sleep disorders. Sleep staging requires jointly modeling complementary information across modalities, multi-scale physiological features, and tempo...
Objectives: Adult posterior cervical spinal dysraphism, including meningocele (MC), myelomeningocele (MMC), and myelocystocele (MyCC) is exceptionally rare and remains insufficiently characterised. This study aimed to conduct the first systematic rev...
Objectives: Developmental dyslexia is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition in which motor, perceptual, attentional, respiratory, and sleep-related differences have been reported alongside reading difficulties. This Perspective proposes a prop...
Background/Objectives: To address the needs of mothers of children with sensory integration differences, we need a greater understanding of their experience and what they find helpful. This study aimed to explore the impact of child sensory integrati...
A quarter-century of neuroaesthetics and cultural epidemiology has established that engagement with art is broadly and durably health-bearing, yet the finding sits awkwardly within the paradigm through which it is usually read: a tacit exposure model...
Background: Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is frequently accompanied by cognitive impairment across multiple neuropsychological domains. Objectives: We aimed to synthesize contemporary evidence on cognitive impairment, neurobiological correlates, pote...
Background/Objectives: Twins discordant for Parkinson’s disease (PD) share genetic background and early-life exposures, offering a model for non-genetic determinants of disease. We aimed to evaluate longitudinally the mortality, clinical and li...
Background/Objectives: Third-ventricle colloid cysts are benign but can cause obstructive hydrocephalus and sudden deterioration, and the role of microsurgical transcallosal resection in the endoscopic era remains debated. We evaluated clinical, radi...
Background: Immune dysregulation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a stable biomarker of chronic immune activation that has not previously been in...
Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is the most common bleeding disorder in the nervous system and has a high recurrence rate, posing a serious threat to the lives of elderly individuals. Early identification and adjustment of the treatment...
Objective: This study investigated how dopaminergic (DAergic) depletion-induced ventral hippocampal neurogenesis triggers hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity. Methods: Three-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were subjected t...
With the accelerating process of global aging, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become an enormous public health burden worldwide. However, its pathogenesis is still not fully understood beyond the classic amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau hypothese...
Mental disorders among children, adolescents, and young adults represent a major and growing public health concern [...]
Background/Objectives: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and coexisting malignancy have worse outcomes, but it is unclear how much of this reflects malignancy itself rather than pre-stroke function, stroke severity and systemic inflammation....
Objectives: Lesion localization, associated vascular structures, and corticotomy selection pose key challenges when planning cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) resections in eloquent areas. Head-mounted augmented reality (HMAR) may improve visuali...
Background/Objectives: Pain is a common and disabling non-motor manifestation of neurodegenerative disorders, but the contribution of glial cells to nociceptive processing remains incompletely understood. This systematic review evaluated evidence fro...
Stroke is the second leading cause of death after ischemic heart disease, accounting for 10% of all deaths worldwide. Stroke is also a major cause of long-term neurological disability, yet olfactory dysfunction remains an underrecognized consequence...
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) is common in critically ill patients and is frequently accompanied by delirium. Intradialytic hemodynamic instability, particularly hypotension, may impair cerebral perfu...
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