Applied Sciences, Volume 5, Issue 4

An image communication scheme based on the atrial fibrillation (AF) model is presented in this paper. Self-organizing patterns produced by the AF model are used to hide and transmit secret visual information. A secret image is encoded into the random...

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane combined with polyvinylidene fluoride-graft-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (PVDF-g-PHEA) was fabricated via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). In this study, PVDF-g-PHEA was synthesized...

We report on the frequency doubling of femtosecond laser pulses at 1030 nm center wavelength generated from the fully diode-pumped laser system POLARIS. The newly generated pulses at a center wavelength of 515 nm have a pulse energy of 3 J with a pul...

Grapevine leaf synthesizes a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites, including polyphenols, which are also key components in ensuring development and growth of the whole plant even under adverse environmental conditions. Our study evaluates...

This paper deals with the numerical simulation of heat transfer and entropy generation in a 2D square enclosure for convective melting. A thermal lattice Boltzmann method (TLBM) is used to handle the study, which has been conducted for Prandtl number...

Reflective semiconductor optical amplifier fiber cavity lasers (RSOA-FCLs) are appealing, colorless, self-seeded, self-tuning and cost-efficient upstream transmitters. They are of interest for wavelength division multiplexed passive optical networks...

A novel piezoelectric energy harvester equipped with two piezoelectric beams and two cylinders was proposed in this work. The energy harvester can convert the kinetic energy of water into electrical energy by means of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) a...

Sequentially Pd-catalyzed processes are excellent entries to heterocycle synthesis. The broad mechanistic variety combined with often very mild reaction conditions allow the concatenation of elementary organic and organometallic steps to novel sequen...

A diode-side-pumped, high-energy, high-beam-quality, pulsed solid-state Nd³⁺:Y₃Al₅O₁₂ (Nd:YAG) laser with a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is investigated in this study. The pump laser was a pulsed laser diode array with maximum peak power of 15 kW. A 3...

This work used a porous approach model to numerically investigate the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of the pin-fin heat-sink array in a rectangular channel with in-line arrangement. The air flow through the channel was laminar. The pin...

In this research, the adsorption capacity of Ag nanoparticles on natural zeolite from Oaxaca is presented. In order to describe the adsorption mechanism of silver nanoparticles on zeolite, experimental adsorption models for Ag ions and Ag nanoparticl...

Network communication and micro-electro-mechanical embedded technologies have attracted much attention in recent years. Through these technologies, the capabilities of sensing, identification, and communication can be embedded in various smart device...

It has been shown in the past that pulsed laser systems operating in the so-called “burst mode” are a beneficial approach to generate high peak power laser pulses at high repetition rates suitable for various applications. So far, most high-energy bu...

We present an improved line search method of the carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimate technique for OFDM systems aided with pilots. Unlike the conventional approaches, prior knowledge of channel order is unnecessary for the presented scheme, becau...

Concentrated Solar Plants (CSPs) are used in solar thermal industry for collecting and converting sunlight into electricity. Parabolic trough CSPs are the most widely used type of CSP and an absorber tube is an essential part of them. The hostile ope...

In this paper we present an optical simulation of light management in Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ thin-film solar cells with reduced absorber layer thickness, with the goal of absorption enhancement in the absorber layer. The light management was achieved by textur...

Terahertz near-field detection based and imaging on a nanotip has drawn wide attention following extensive applications of terahertz imaging technologies. Through the local enhanced electric field created by a terahertz nanotip in the near field, it...

In the operation of a smart grid (SG), day-ahead load forecasting (DLF) is an important task. The SG can enhance the management of its conventional and renewable resources with a more accurate DLF model. However, DLF model development is highly chall...

The purpose of this feasibility research was to study a novel sensor based separation method for recycling of plastic materials from end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) by using eigen-frequency response of impact acoustic emission. In this research three kin...

The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the improvement of Zr-based ceramics properties as a function of addition of Ce ions in the structure of the original ceramics. The structural investigations proposed in this paper cover X-ray, and neutron di...

In this contribution a new method for evaluating seismic risk in regional areas based on the acoustic emission (AE) technique is proposed. Most earthquakes have precursors, i.e., phenomena of changes in the Earth’s physical-chemical properties that t...

Ternary intermetallic A–B–C systems sometimes have unexpected behaviors. The present paper examines situations in which there is a tendency to simultaneously form the compounds AB_x, AC_x and BC_x with the same crystal structure. This causes irregular s...

We present our research on the high energy picosecond laser operating at a repetition rate of 1 kHz and the high average power picosecond laser running at 100 kHz based on bulk Nd-doped crystals. With diode-pumped solid state (DPSS) hybrid amplifiers...

This paper presented both the linear quadratic Gaussian technique (LQG) and the coefficient diagram method (CDM) as load frequency controllers in a multi-area power system to deal with the problem of variations in system parameters and load demand ch...

It’s introduced Lean techniques in a Clinical Laboratory to improve the operability and the efficiency in continuous processes of analysis, failsafe systems, analysis of areas of value pursuit of zero defects and reduction of waste, and it promote co...

This article is dedicated to analyzing the heat transfer in the flow of water-based nanofluids in a channel with non-parallel stretchable walls. The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nature of the flow is considered. Equations governing the flow are transfor...

Lung metastases are frequently removed with an Nd:YAG laser. The aim is to perform a non-anatomic resection of all intraoperatively palpable lung metastases completely in order to preserve the largest possible amount of healthy lung parenchyma. The s...

Because saliency can be used as the prior knowledge of image content, saliency detection has been an active research area in image segmentation, object detection, image semantic understanding and other relevant image-based applications. In the case o...

Hypergolic chemicals N,N,N-trimethylhydrazinium iodide, [TMH]⁺[I]⁻, and 1-ethyl-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazolium iodide, [EMT]⁺[I]⁻ were firstly synthesized by nucleophilic substitution (S_N2). The successful synthesis of hypergolic chemicals [TMH]⁺[I]⁻ and...

Sr₄Si₃O₈Cl₄ co-doped with Eu²⁺, Bi³⁺ were prepared by the high temperature reaction. The structure and luminescent properties of Sr₄Si₃O₈Cl₄:Eu²⁺, Bi³⁺ were investigated. With the introduction of Bi³⁺, luminescent properties of these phosphors have b...

The traditional security objectives of smart grids have been availability, integrity, and confidentiality. However, as the grids incorporate smart metering and load management, user and corporate privacy is increasingly becoming an issue in smart gri...

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are an emergent and promising platform for future photonic and optoelectronic applications. Here, we review recent progress demonstrating the application of 2D nanomaterials as versatile, wideband saturable absorber...

Unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) path planning aims to calculate the optimal or suboptimal flight path considering the different threats and constraints under the complex battlefield environment. This flight path can help the UCAV avoid enemy threa...

We present a numerical solution for complete population inversion in a four-level ladder system obtained by using a full π-pulse illumination scheme with resonant ultrashort phase-locked Gaussian laser pulses. We find that a set of pulse areas such a...

In order to model multi-dimensions and multi-granularities oriented complex systems, this paper firstly proposes a kind of multi-relational Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) to simulate the multi-relational system and its auto construct algorithm integrating...

The current stage of non-destructive evaluation techniques imposes the development of new electromagnetic methods that are based on high spatial resolution and increased sensitivity. Printed circuit boards, integrated circuit boards, composite materi...

Nonlinear ultrashort pulse propagation in a mode-locked Yb:YAG laser with a highly nonlinear intra-cavity medium is analyzed using a nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The output spectra are extended by the increased laser intensity, and spectral bandwi...

We review our recent progress on the realisation of pulse shaping in passively-mode-locked fibre lasers by inclusion of an amplitude and/or phase spectral filter into the laser cavity. We numerically show that depending on the amplitude transfer func...

Engineering techniques used to evaluate strain-stress fields, materials’ mechanical properties, and load transfer mechanisms, among others, are useful tools in the study of biomechanical applications. These engineering tools, as experimental and nume...

The actual grinding result of ceramics has not been well predicted by the present mechanical models. No allowance is made for direct effects of materials microstructure and almost all the mechanical models were obtained based on crystalline ceramics....

One of the most important Distribution System Operators (DSO) schemes addresses the Volt/Var control (VVC) problem. Developing a cost-based reactive power dispatch model for distribution systems, in which the reactive powers are appropriately priced,...

In this contribution we present a comparison of the performance of spectrally broadened ultrashort pulses using a hollow-core fiber either filled with argon or sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) for demanding pulse-shaping experiments. The benefits of both ga...

We describe novel fiber Raman lasers pumped directly by spectrally combined high power multimode laser diodes at ~975 nm and emitting at ~1019 nm. With a commercial multimode graded-index fiber, we reached 20 W of laser output power with a record slo...

Ultrasound micro-molding technology has proved useful in processing biodegradable polymers with minimum material loss. This makes this technology particularly suitable for the production of biomedical microdevices. The use of silica (SiO₂) nanopar...

Chitosan, a bio-based polymer which has similar characteristics to those of cellulose, exhibits cationic behavior in acidic solutions and strong affinity for metals ions. Thus, it has received increased attention for the preparation of heterogeneous...

A series of novel thioether derivatives containing 1,2,4-triazole moiety were designed and synthesized from 4-chlorophenol and ethyl 2-chloroacetate as starting materials by multi-step reactions under microwave irradiation, and their structures were...

In this study, BaTiO₃–(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ ceramics with various amounts of Ta₂O₅ dopant were investigated for their ability to enhance high-temperature stability to meet X9R specifications. The results were compared to those for ceramics with the common...

Based on the basic concepts of agent and fuzzy T-S model, an agent based fuzzy T-S multi-model (ABFT-SMM) system is proposed in this paper. Different from the traditional method, the parameters and the membership value of the agent can be adjusted al...

In the present paper, we report on a simple and new approach for the synthesis of hierarchical flower-like zinc oxide superstructures ZnO (FL) in the presence of the TEMPO-oxidized cellulose gel (TOCgel) through a room temperature sol-gel process in...

An angular displacement-enhanced heterodyne polarimeter has been employed to investigate the interplay between trifluoroethanol (TFE) and glycerol on the thermal denaturation of type I collagen. The concentration of the collagen solution was fixed a...