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Crystals, Volume 15, Issue 12

December 2025 - 63 articles

Cover Story: In recent decades, remarkable progress has been made in developing new steels for lighter and more fuel-efficient cars. Quenched and partitioned (Q&P) steels offer an exceptional combination of strength and ductility, enabling significant reductions in structural mass while accommodating complex forming operations during manufacturing. The retained austenite (RA) interspersed within a fine grain structure creates an exemplary combination of properties. This study characterizes the 3D nature of RA grains to investigate how their geometry influences the steel’s deformation response. Observations regarding the transformation propensity of grains with different sizes, shapes, and orientations provide key insights that may guide further advancements toward superior steel alloys. View this paper
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Articles (63)

  • Article
  • Open Access
257 Views
14 Pages

12 December 2025

In order to meet the demand for new optical temperature-sensing materials with high sensitivity and a wide application temperature range, Yb3+/Er3+: CaYAlO4 phosphor with excellent physical and chemical stability and thermal conductivity was studied...

  • Article
  • Open Access
289 Views
22 Pages

The Role of Rotational Tool Speed in the Joint Performance of AA2024-T4 Friction Stir Spot Welds at a Short 3-Second Dwell Time

  • Yousef G. Y. Elshaghoul,
  • Mahmoud F. Y. Shalaby,
  • Mohamed M. El-Sayed Seleman,
  • Ahmed Elkelity,
  • Hagar A. Reyad and
  • Sabbah Ataya

12 December 2025

This study explores Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW), a well-established solid-state joining technique, for high-strength aluminum alloys like AA2024-T4, which present significant challenges for conventional welding techniques. This research focuses...

  • Article
  • Open Access
292 Views
18 Pages

In Situ Alloying of Ti-6Al-7Nb with Copper Using Laser Powder Bed Fusion

  • Paul Steinmeier,
  • Kay-Peter Hoyer,
  • Nelson Filipe Lopes Dias,
  • Reiner Zielke,
  • Wolfgang Tillmann and
  • Mirko Schaper

12 December 2025

Titanium alloys are widely employed for biomedical implants due to their high strength, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance, yet their lack of intrinsic antibacterial activity remains a major limitation. Incorporating copper, an antibacterial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
293 Views
17 Pages

11 December 2025

In this paper, the moving heat transfer boundary method is adopted to establish a three-dimensional solidification microstructure model based on the coupling technology of the cellular automata method (CA) and finite element method (FE), simulate the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
331 Views
26 Pages

11 December 2025

Four benzyltrimethylammonium (BTMA) salts were successfully prepared: bis(benzyltrimethylammonium) hexachloroplatinate (1), benzyltrimethylammonium tetrachloroaurate (2), bis(benzyltrimethylammonium) tetrachlorocuprate (3), and bis(benzyltrimethylamm...

  • Article
  • Open Access
328 Views
18 Pages

11 December 2025

Photoluminescent liquid crystals with photoluminescence (PL) and liquid-crystalline (LC) properties have attracted attention as PL-switching materials owing to their thermally induced phase transitions, such as crystal → smectic A/nematic →...

  • Article
  • Open Access
299 Views
10 Pages

11 December 2025

The escalating demand for high-performance energy storage devices has driven extensive research into flexible electrode materials for supercapacitors. Integrating structured carbon nanomaterials with flexible substrates to construct binder-free elect...

  • Article
  • Open Access
253 Views
15 Pages

11 December 2025

High-volume fly ash (FA) mitigates the expansion of magnesium oxide (MgO), and the uneven regional distributions of high-quality FA collectively limit the application of roller-compacted concrete admixed with MgO (M-RCC). This study evaluated the aut...

  • Article
  • Open Access
238 Views
13 Pages

9 December 2025

In this study, we present a non-invasive and contactless method for estimating the internal temperature of Cr:LiCAF laser crystals using temperature-dependent shifts in fluorescence emission peaks. A high-resolution calibration dataset was created wi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
250 Views
19 Pages

Research on the Hot Deformation Behavior and Mechanism of a New Nickel-Based P/M Superalloy

  • Yifan Liu,
  • Yanhui Yang,
  • Jie Yang,
  • Yaliang Zhu,
  • Xiaofeng Wang,
  • Weiwei Xia,
  • Xianghui Meng and
  • Kelu Zhong

8 December 2025

Based on hot-compression simulations combined with SEM and TEM analyses, the high-temperature deformation behavior and mechanisms of a new nickel-based powder superalloy FGH101 were investigated over 1020–1110 °C and strain rates of 0.001&n...

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Crystals - ISSN 2073-4352